Oracle 歸檔日誌

-- if it cann't be startup normally
startup force;

-- if it has the problem 'ORA-16014: log %s sequence# %s not archived, no available destinations

alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;

alter database open;

-- check parameters
show parameters list;


select * from v$log;


select * from v$recovery_file_dest;

select * from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;

alter system set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=40g;

-- clear archive log by hand
archive log all;


RUN {
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'd:/backup/%F';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL CH1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT 'd:/backup/%U';
BACKUP DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE FILESPERSET 10 PLUS ARCHIVELOG FILESPERSET 20 DELETE ALL INPUT; RELEASE CHANNEL CH1; } ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK; CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;


我們都都知道在controlfile中記錄着每一個archivelog的相關信息，當然們在OS下把這些物理文件delete掉後，在我們的
controlfile中仍然記錄着這些archivelog的信息，在oracle的OEM管理器中有可視化的日誌展現出，當我們手工清除archive目錄下的文件後，這些記錄並沒有被我們從controlfile中清除掉，也就是oracle並不知道這些文件已經不存在了!這時候我們要做手工的清除的話，下面我經過實驗，可以嘗試這種方法：


1. 進入rman
2. connect target /
3. crosscheck archivelog all;
4. delete expired archivelog all;
這時候我們再去OEM中看就一定看不到，如果你的從來沒有做過這個動作的話，我們可以比較從這個動作前的controlfile後動作後的controlfile的大小!

ORACLE正確刪除歸檔並回收空間的方法

ORACLE正確刪除歸檔並回收空間的方法
一個ORACLE歸檔日誌經常滿，表現爲/oraarchive 這個文件空間佔用100％大家一定抱怨ORACLE爲何沒有歸檔維護工具，很多人直接刪除了事，錯了，ORACLE有，而且很智能，可以正確的刪除歸檔和 FLASHBACK，不過切記,ORACLE歸檔日誌對於ORACLE的數據恢復和備份非常重要，不到萬不得已不要刪除歸檔日誌。
刪除歸檔日誌的過程
以ORACLE用戶身份登錄到數據庫服務器主機或通過網絡連接
進入ORACLE數據備份工具
rman target/
或rman target/@orcl
在命令窗口裏面執行
DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-7';
說明
SYSDATA-7，表明當前的系統時間7天前，before關鍵字表示在7天前的歸檔日誌，如果使用了閃回功能，也會刪除閃回的數據。
同樣道理，也可以刪除從7天前到現在的全部日誌，不過這個命令要考慮清楚，做完這個刪除，最好馬上進行全備份數據庫
DELETE ARCHIVELOG FROM TIME 'SYSDATE-7';

UNIX/LINUX下也可以通過FIND找到7天前的歸檔數據，使用EXEC子操作刪除

find /oraarchive -xdev -mtime +7 -name "*.dbf" -exec rm -f {} ;
這樣做仍然會在RMAN裏留下未管理的歸檔文件
仍需要在RMAN裏執行下面2條命令
crosscheck archivelog all;
delete expired archivelog all;
所以還不如上面的方法好用，不過用FIND的好處就是，可以在條件上，和EXEC子項上做很多操作，實現更復雜的功能

3.簡要介紹一下report obsolete命令

使用report obsolete命令報告過期備份

RMAN> report obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 125 01-NOV-04
Backup Piece 125 01-NOV-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/full_1_541045804
Backup Set 131 04-NOV-04
Backup Piece 131 04-NOV-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/full_AVATAR2_20041104_131
....
Backup Set 173 06-DEC-04
Backup Piece 173 06-DEC-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/full_AVATAR2_20041206_173
Backup Set 179 11-DEC-04
Backup Piece 179 11-DEC-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/arch544588206.arc
.....
Backup Piece 189 17-DEC-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/arch545106606.arc
Backup Set 190 17-DEC-04
Backup Piece 190 17-DEC-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/arch545106665.arc
Backup Set 191 20-DEC-04
Backup Piece 191 20-DEC-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/arch_AVATAR2_20041220_194
Archive Log 2973 20-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2985.dbf
Archive Log 2971 20-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2984.dbf
.....
Archive Log 2705 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2717.dbf
Archive Log 2704 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2716.dbf
Archive Log 2703 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2715.dbf
Archive Log 2702 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2714.dbf

4.使用delete obsolete命令刪除過期備份:

RMAN> delete obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 125 01-NOV-04
Backup Piece 125 01-NOV-04 /data1/oracle/orabak/full_1_541045804
....
Archive Log 2704 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2716.dbf
Archive Log 2703 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2715.dbf
Archive Log 2702 17-DEC-04 /opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2714.dbf

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/data1/oracle/orabak/full_AVATAR2_20041206_173 recid=173 stamp=544156241
.....
deleted archive log
archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2715.dbf recid=2703 stamp=545108268
deleted archive log
archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2714.dbf recid=2702 stamp=545107659
Deleted 286 objects


RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=19 devtype=DISK
specification does not match any archive log in the recovery catalog


5 在rman中用crosscheck檢查歸檔日誌,2個歸檔日誌都是失敗的:
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

釋放的通道: ORA_DISK_1
分配的通道: ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: sid=14 devtype=DISK
對歸檔日誌的驗證失敗
存檔日誌文件名 =D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVE1_47.DBF 記錄 ID=1 時間戳 =572866
683
對歸檔日誌的驗證失敗
存檔日誌文件名 =D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVE11_48.DBF 記錄 ID=2 時間戳 =57286
6931
已交叉檢驗的 2 對象

6 試着同步一下,看行不行,結果不行,crosscheck還是失敗:
RMAN> resync catalog;

正在啓動全部恢復目錄的 resync
完成全部 resync

RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

釋放的通道: ORA_DISK_1
分配的通道: ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: sid=14 devtype=DISK
對歸檔日誌的驗證失敗
存檔日誌文件名 =D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVE1_47.DBF 記錄 ID=1 時間戳 =572866
683
對歸檔日誌的驗證失敗
存檔日誌文件名 =D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVE11_48.DBF 記錄 ID=2 時間戳 =57286
6931
已交叉檢驗的 2 對象

7 用list expired看看是否有失效的archive log,證明沒有失效的archive log:
RMAN> list expired archivelog all;

說明與恢復目錄中的任何存檔日誌均不匹配

8 更改語言環境試試,結果再次crosscheck,2個archive log 都成功了:
RMAN> exit


恢復管理器完成。

C:>set nls_lang=american_america.zhs16gbk

C:>rman catalogrman/rman@safetarget /

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: TEST (DBID=1870953724)
connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=9 devtype=DISK
validation succeeded for archived log
archive log filename=D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVE1_47.DBF recid=1 stamp=57286
6683
validation succeeded for archived log
archive log filename=D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVE11_48.DBF recid=2 stamp=5728
66931
Crosschecked 2 objects