spring架構---手把手教你ssm搭建架構

ssm框架指的是在web開發中使用spring,spring-mvc,MyBatis三種框架

Spring

Spring是一個開源框架，Spring是於2003 年興起的一個輕量級的Java 開發框架，由Rod Johnson 在其著作Expert One-On-One J2EE Development and Design中闡述的部分理念和原型衍生而來。它是爲了解決企業應用開發的複雜性而創建的。Spring使用基本的JavaBean來完成以前只可能由EJB完成的事情。然而，Spring的用途不僅限於服務器端的開發。從簡單性、可測試性和鬆耦合的角度而言，任何Java應用都可以從Spring中受益。簡單來說，Spring是一個輕量級的控制反轉（IoC）和麪向切面（AOP）的容器框架。

SpringMVC

Spring MVC屬於SpringFrameWork的後續產品，已經融合在Spring Web Flow裏面。Spring MVC 分離了控制器、模型對象、分派器以及處理程序對象的角色，這種分離讓它們更容易進行定製。

MyBatis

MyBatis 本是apache的一個開源項目iBatis, 2010年這個項目由apache software foundation 遷移到了google code，並且改名爲MyBatis 。MyBatis是一個基於Java的持久層框架。iBATIS提供的持久層框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects（DAO）MyBatis 消除了幾乎所有的JDBC代碼和參數的手工設置以及結果集的檢索。MyBatis 使用簡單的 XML或註解用於配置和原始映射，將接口和 Java 的POJOs（Plain Old Java Objects，普通的 Java對象）映射成數據庫中的記錄。

之前準備工作:

開發環境搭建 :

可參考別人的博文: http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/30779873

Maven Web項目創建:

可參考別人的博文: http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/37921705

正式工作:

首先如圖這樣來創建一個maven項目,具體內容可以不寫,但是路徑和文件名稱必須保持一致,路徑和名稱請不要嫌麻煩自己隨意使用,等你真正掌握ssm框架後建議可以自己來改一下路徑和名稱.

給maven項目導入依賴:

爲了方便後面說的時候不需要引入JAR包，我這裏直接給出所有需要的JAR包，這都是基本的JAR包，每個包的是幹什麼的都有註釋，就不再多說了。

pom.xml

<properties>
		<!-- Spring版本號 -->
		<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>3.8.1</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>3.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		        <!-- Spring相關包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- AOP相關包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MyBatis相關包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySQL相關包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.26</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 數據庫連接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.20</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring集成MyBatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSP標準標籤庫 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
            <scope>compile</scope> 
        </dependency>
		<!-- gson json轉換包 -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
		    <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
		    <version>2.8.5</version>
		</dependency>
        <!-- 日誌相關包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
		
		
		<!-- 添加poi相關的jar包  上傳excel文件  -->
	
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
			<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
			<version>3.8</version>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
					<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
			<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
			<version>3.8</version>
		</dependency>
		
		 <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加郵件發送的依賴 -->
        <dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
		    <version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--郵件發送-->
		<dependency>
		      <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
		      <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
		      <version>1.6.1</version>
		</dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>Myssm</finalName>
    
		 <filters>
            <filter>src/main/resources/spring/db.properties</filter>
        </filters>
		 <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <testResources>
            <testResource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </testResource>
            <testResource>
                <directory>src/test/resources</directory>
            </testResource>
        </testResources>
        <outputDirectory>target/classes</outputDirectory>
        <testOutputDirectory>target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
        <scriptSourceDirectory>src/main/script</scriptSourceDirectory>
		<plugins>
			<!-- 修改maven默認的JRE編譯版本，1.8代表JRE編譯的版本，根據自己的安裝版本選擇1.7或1.8 -->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
  </build>

建立spring-mybatis.xml配置文件

spring-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
    <!-- 導入db配置 -->
    <context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:spring/db.properties" />

    <!-- Druid -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 註冊SqlSessionFactoryBean -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 自動掃描mappers.xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/*.xml" />
        <!-- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml"></property> -->
    </bean>
    
    <!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring會自動查找其下的類 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.qcb.dao" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    	<!-- (事務管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>
</beans>

建立spring-mvc.xml配置文件

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
	<!-- 啓動自動掃描 -->
	<context:component-scan
		base-package="com.qcb.*" />

	<!-- 註冊MVC註解驅動 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />

	<!-- 靜態資源可訪問的設置方式 -->
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />

	<!-- 配置視圖解析器，可以顯式設置，也可以不設置，不設置會依據SpringMVC的默認設置 -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/views/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="multipartResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
		<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
		<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"></property>
		<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!--郵件配置 -->
	<context:property-placeholder
		location="classpath:spring/mail.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true" />
	<!--配置郵件接口 -->
	<bean id="javaMailSender"
		class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
		<property name="host" value="${mail.smtp.host}" />
		<property name="username" value="${mail.smtp.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${mail.smtp.password}" />
		<property name="defaultEncoding"
			value="${mail.smtp.defaultEncoding}" />
		<property name="javaMailProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="mail.smtp.auth">${mail.smtp.auth}</prop>
				<prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">${mail.smtp.timeout}</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

建立數據庫測試用表:

既然我們需要測試，那麼我們就需要建立在數據庫中建立一個測試表，這個表建的很簡單，SQL語句爲：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_t`;
 
CREATE TABLE `user_t` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `age` int(4) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
/*Data for the table `user_t` */
 
insert  into `user_t`(`id`,`user_name`,`password`,`age`) values (1,'測試','sfasgfaf',24);

建立後的表樣式:

建立JDBC屬性文件:

jdbc.properties（文件編碼修改爲utf-8）

(******mail.properties在這個項目中,我們並沒有用到,可以刪去******)

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zhoutian
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

可以利用MyBatis Generator自動創建代碼
參考博文：http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/23912615

這個可根據表自動創建實體類、MyBatis映射文件以及DAO接口，當然，我習慣將生成的接口名改爲UserMapper，生成的類實體爲User,生成的MyBatis映射文件爲UserMapper.xml。完成後將文件複製到工程中。如圖：

不過我在這裏直接給出他們三個的代碼,如果有修改路徑名的同學務必注意xml映射文件中有許多地方需要修改,並且在上面的配置文件中也需要寫出正確的文件路徑,所以還是再次建議大家再搭好整個框架了解並熟悉後可以自己從頭到尾自己搭一個.

User.java

package com.qcb.entitys;

public class User {
    private Integer id;

    private String userName;

    private String password;

    private Integer age;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName == null ? null : userName.trim();
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password == null ? null : password.trim();
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

UserMapper.java

import com.qcb.entitys.User;

public interface UserMapper {
    int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer id);

    int insert(User record);

    int insertSelective(User record);

    User selectByPrimaryKey(Integer id);

    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(User record);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(User record);
}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.qcb.dao.UserMapper" >
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.qcb.entitys.User" >
    <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
    <result column="user_name" property="userName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    <result column="age" property="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
  </resultMap>
  <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
    id, user_name, password, age
  </sql>
  <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    select 
    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
    from user_t
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </select>
  <delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >
    delete from user_t
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </delete>
  <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.qcb.entitys.User" >
    insert into user_t (id, user_name, password, 
      age)
    values (#{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, 
      #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER})
  </insert>
  <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.qcb.entitys.User" >
    insert into user_t
    <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="id != null" >
        id,
      </if>
      <if test="userName != null" >
        user_name,
      </if>
      <if test="password != null" >
        password,
      </if>
      <if test="age != null" >
        age,
      </if>
    </trim>
    <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
      <if test="id != null" >
        #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
      <if test="userName != null" >
        #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="password != null" >
        #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="age != null" >
        #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
    </trim>
  </insert>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective" parameterType="com.qcb.entitys.User" >
    update user_t
    <set >
      <if test="userName != null" >
        user_name = #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="password != null" >
        password = #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      </if>
      <if test="age != null" >
        age = #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      </if>
    </set>
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
  <update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.qcb.entitys.User" >
    update user_t
    set user_name = #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      password = #{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
      age = #{age,jdbcType=INTEGER}
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </update>
</mapper>

建立Service接口和實現類

我們給出這兩個文件的代碼:

UserService.java

package com.qcb.services;

import com.qcb.entitys.User;

public interface IUserService {
	public User getUserById(int userId);
}

UserServiceImpl.java

package com.qcb.serviceimpl;
import javax.annotation.Resource;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.qcb.dao.UserMapper;
import com.qcb.entitys.User;
import com.qcb.services.IUserService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
	@Resource
	private UserMapper userDao;
	@Override
	public  User getUserById(int userId) {
		System.out.println(111);
		System.out.println(userId);
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return this.userDao.selectByPrimaryKey(userId);
	}
 
}

實現Controller對前後臺數據交互的處理:

Mycontroller.java

package com.qcb.controllers;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.qcb.entitys.User;
import com.qcb.serviceimpl.UserServiceImpl;
import com.qcb.services.IUserService;


@Controller

public class Mycontroller {
	@Resource
	private IUserService userService;
	@RequestMapping(value ="views/hello",method ={RequestMethod.GET})
    public ModelAndView hello(String id){
    	System.out.println("0123");
    	int userId = Integer.parseInt(id);
		User user = this.userService.getUserById(userId);
    	ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    	System.out.println("1234");
    	System.out.println(user.getUserName());
    	mv.addObject("message","ooooooooooooooo");
    	mv.setViewName("NewFile");
        return mv;
    }
}

一直到這裏,我們所有關於後端框架已經搭建完畢,我們寫一個小jsp頁面來顯示一下:

NewFile.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="http://localhost:8080/Myssm/views/hello?id=1">
<button type="submit" value="submit">提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>

*******網頁請求後面必須加上?分隔符和參數id=1

這時候控制檯輸出我們從數據庫拿到的信息 "測試"

(不過大家也可以稍微改動一下Mycontroller中的方法,就可簡單讓頁面顯示輸出的"測試")

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

未完待續.....

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