elasticsearch部分命令

一.ES相關操作

1.ES啓動與關閉相關命令

su elastic  # elastic用戶爲安裝ES時創建的用戶，es不能用root賬號啓動
cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-6.4.3/  # cd 進入es安裝目錄
./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid # -p 選項可以將es進程PID記錄到pid文件中，該文件可以指定  -d 後臺運行
####
kill -SIGTERM PID  # PID 爲ES進程的PID號

2.查看ES相關信息

]$ curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/
{
  "name" : "SonoxO1",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "Oktq2zxmSRWcU8Fvhat2TA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.4.3",
    "build_flavor" : "default",
    "build_type" : "tar",
    "build_hash" : "fe40335",
    "build_date" : "2018-10-30T23:17:19.084789Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.4.0",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

二.索引的相關操作

1.查看索引

]# curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v
health status index                             uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   logstash-nq-coupon-2018.11.14     V2ilbJErQZGW2m9rBLXeEw   5   1     182396            0     24.9mb         24.9mb
green  open   .kibana                           llTJB8gQTS-r6oGjF8fTdg   1   0          3            0     17.6kb         17.6kb

2.刪除索引

]# curl -XDELETE http://localhost:9200/logstash-2018.11.14
{"acknowledged":true}

三.備份與恢復

1.創建備份倉庫

}# mkdir  /data/elasticsearch/bakup  # 創建備份目錄
}# chown elastic.elastic  /data/elasticsearch/bakup  # 更改目錄權限
# 在elasticsearch.yml配置文件中新增一行，並重新啓動ES
    path.repo: /data/elasticsearch/bakup
#創建倉庫
}# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPUT http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup \ # es_bakup 可自定義
    -d '{"type":"fs","settings":{"location":"/data/elasticsearch/bakup","compress": "true"}}'
{"acknowledged":true}

注：在6.X的版本中需要添加 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' 設置header，原因可參考：https://www.elastic.co/blog/strict-content-type-checking-for-elasticsearch-rest-requests

2.查看備份倉庫

]# curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot?pretty
{
  "es_bakup" : {
    "type" : "fs",
    "settings" : {
      "compress" : "true",
      "location" : "/data/elasticsearch/bakup"
    }
  }
}

3.備份索引

# 備份單個索引
]# curl -H'Content-Type: application/json' -XPUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/log_bak_2018.11.14 \ # log_bak_2018.11.14 快照名稱，可自定義
    -d '{"indices":"logstash-2018.11.14"}' 
# 備份多個索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/log_bak_2018.11.14 \
    -d '{"indices": "idx_1,idx_2,idx_3"}'
# 備份所有索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/bakup_all_2018.11.16

4.查看備份的索引

]# curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/log_bak_2018.11.14?pretty
{
  "snapshots" : [
    {
      "snapshot" : "log_bak_2018.11.14",
      "uuid" : "wrDpuL8aQHe7kNn5l11WqA",
      "version_id" : 6040399,
      "version" : "6.4.3",
      "indices" : [
        "logstash-2018.11.14"
      ],
      "include_global_state" : true,
      "state" : "SUCCESS",
      "start_time" : "2018-11-16T07:22:49.001Z",
      "start_time_in_millis" : 1542352969001,
      "end_time" : "2018-11-16T07:22:49.914Z",
      "end_time_in_millis" : 1542352969914,
      "duration_in_millis" : 913,
      "failures" : [ ],
      "shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "failed" : 0,
        "successful" : 5
      }
    }
  ]
}

5.恢復索引

# 恢復單個索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/xp-coupon-2018.11.14/_restore  \
   -d '{"indices":"logstash-2018.11.14"}'
# 恢復所有索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/bakup_all_2018.11.16/_restore  
# 恢復所有索引備份中的部分索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/_snapshot/es_bakup/bakup_all_2018.11.16/_restore \
   -d '{"indices":"idx_1,idx_2"}'

6.其他

（1）備份目錄中的文件可以打包壓縮，恢復時解壓至備份目錄即可

（2）恢復索引時，如果該索引存在則需要先關閉該索引，恢復完成之後重新開啓該索引

# 關閉某個索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/logstash-2018.11.16/_close
# 打開某個索引
]# curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9200/logstash-2018.11.16/_open