簡易selenium自動化測試框架(Python)
最近空閒時間在探索Selenium的自動化測試，簡單的寫了一個小框架來測試公司的一個web產品。該框架包括以下模塊：
1. Test case編寫模式（page模式，參考之前的博文http://www.cnblogs.com/AlwinXu/p/5537955.html)
2. Test case的管理及執行 （主要是用nose）
該模塊藉助了一個外部txt文件來記錄測試用例，每個用例爲自身的文件名，如果不需要在本次執行，只需在文件名前添加一個“#”標識符就可以跳過該用例的執行。
3. 測試報告的生成（xml和html兩種格式）
對於自動化測試而言，這些模塊應該是最基本的配置了，當然還有一些輔助模塊比如日誌，其他公共庫模塊等需要根據具體的業務逐漸豐富。閒話少說，用代碼交流吧。
測試用例編寫
該模塊用了Page模式，之前介紹過，這次只貼代碼了
BasePage.py:
__author__ = 'xua'#super classclass BasePage(object): def __init__(self, driver): self.driver = driver
然後是各個web page繼承BasePage，LoginPage.py:
from BasePage import BasePagefrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keysclass LoginPage(BasePage): """description of class""" #page element identifier usename = (By.ID,'username') password = (By.ID, 'password') dialogTitle = (By.XPATH,'//html/body/div[7]/div/div/div[1]/h3') cancelButton = (By.XPATH,'//html/body/div[7]/div/div/div[3]/button[2]') #Get username textbox and input username def set_username(self,username): name = self.driver.find_element(*LoginPage.usename) name.send_keys(username) #Get password textbox and input password, then hit return def set_password(self, password): pwd = self.driver.find_element(*LoginPage.password) pwd.send_keys(password + Keys.RETURN) #Get pop up dialog title def get_DiaglogTitle(self): digTitle = self.driver.find_element(*LoginPage.dialogTitle) return digTitle.text #Get "cancel" button and then click def click_cancel(self): cancelbtn = self.driver.find_element(*LoginPage.cancelButton) cancelbtn.click()
測試用例信息類：
TestCaseInfo.py
class TestCaseInfo(object): """description of class""" def __init__(self, id="",name="",owner="",result="Failed",starttime="",endtime="",errorinfo=""): self.id = id self.name = name self.owner = owner self.result = result self.starttime = starttime self.endtime = endtime self.errorinfo = errorinfo
最後是每個測試用例的編寫：（每個用例必須有自己的用例信息，這裏有ID，Name等等信息，也會調用測試結果報告生成模塊來添加測試結果）
Test_Login.py
__author__ = 'xua'from selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keysfrom selenium.webdriver.common.alert import Alertimport unittestimport timefrom LoginPage import LoginPagefrom TestCaseInfo import TestCaseInfofrom TestReport import TestReportclass Test_Login(unittest.TestCase): #Setup
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'C:\Users\xua\Downloads\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe')
self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
self.base_url = "http://10.222.30.145:9000/"
#test case information
self.testcaseinfo = TestCaseInfo(id="3",name="Login to floor manager lite using sbxadmin",owner="xua")
self.testResult = TestReport()
def test_Login(self): try:
self.testcaseinfo.starttime = str(time.asctime()) #Step1: open base site self.driver.get(self.base_url) #Step2: Open Login page
login_page = LoginPage(self.driver) #Step3: Enter username
login_page.set_username("sbXadmin") #Step4: Enter password
login_page.set_password("IGTtest1") #Checkpoint1: Check popup dialog title
self.assertEqual(login_page.get_DiaglogTitle(),"Sign in","Not Equal") #Step5: Cancel dialog login_page.click_cancel()
self.testcaseinfo.result = "Pass"
except Exception as err:
self.testcaseinfo.errorinfo = str(err) finally:
self.testcaseinfo.endtime = str(time.asctime()) #tearDown
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.close() #write test result self.testResult.WriteHTML(self.testcaseinfo)if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
用例執行模塊
1. 藉助外部文件記錄需要執行的用例
testcases.txt(帶“#”標識的用例不會被執行):
Test_Login.py Test_Login_2.py#Test_Login_3.py Test_Login_4.py
2. 利用nose的nosetests命令執行各個用例：
import subprocessclass RunTests(object): """description of class"""
def __init__(self):
self.testcaselistfile = "testcases.txt"
#use nosetests command to execute test case list
def LoadAndRunTestCases(self):
f = open(self.testcaselistfile)
testfiles = [test for test in f.readlines() if not test.startswith("#")]
f.close() for item in testfiles:
subprocess.call("nosetests "+str(item).replace("\\n",""),shell = True)if __name__ == "__main__":
newrun = RunTests()
newrun.LoadAndRunTestCases()
測試結果報表生成模塊
測試報表模塊寫了兩種格式：xml和html
TestReport.py
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ETimport osimport lxml.etree as mytreefrom lxml import htmlclass TestReport(object): """description of class"""
def __init__(self):
self.testreport = "TestResult.xml"
#If there is no "TestResult.xml", then create one
def CreateTestResultFile(self): if os.path.exists(self.testreport) == False:
newElem = ET.Element("TestCases")
newTree = ET.ElementTree(newElem)
newTree.write(self.testreport)
#Write test result to xml
def WriteResult(self,testcaseInfo):
self.CreateTestResultFile()
testResultFile = ET.parse(self.testreport)
root = testResultFile.getroot()
newElem = ET.Element("TestCase")
newElem.attrib = { "ID":testcaseInfo.id, "Name":testcaseInfo.name, "Owner":testcaseInfo.owner, "Result":testcaseInfo.result, "StartTime":testcaseInfo.starttime, "EndTime":testcaseInfo.endtime, "ErrorInfo":testcaseInfo.errorinfo
}
root.append(newElem)
testResultFile.write(self.testreport) #If there is no "TestResult.html" file exists, then create one with default style
def CreateHtmlFile(self): if os.path.exists("TestResult.html") == False:
f = open("TestResult.html",'w')
message = """<html>
<head>
<title>Automation Test Result</title>
<style>
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
padding: 15px;
font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
th{
background-color: green;
color: white;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
padding-bottom: 15px;
padding-top: 15px;
}
tr{
border: 1px solid #008000;
padding-bottom: 8px;
padding-top: 8px;
text-align: left;
}
td{
border: 1px solid #008000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Automation Test Result</h1>
<table>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Owner</th>
<th>Result</th>
<th>StartTime</th>
<th>EndTime</th>
<th>ErrorMessage</th>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html> """
f.write(message)
f.close() #append new test result to testresult file
def WriteHTML(self,testcaseinfo):
self.CreateHtmlFile()
f = open("TestResult.html","r")
htmlcontent = f.read()
f.close()
tree = html.fromstring(htmlcontent)
tableElem = tree.find(".//table") if testcaseinfo.result == "Failed":
mytablerow = "<tr><td>{0}</td><td>{1}</td><td>{2}</td><td bgcolor=\"#FF0000\">{3}</td><td>{4}</td><td>{5}</td><td>{6}</td></tr>".format(testcaseinfo.id,testcaseinfo.name,testcaseinfo.owner,testcaseinfo.result,testcaseinfo.starttime,testcaseinfo.endtime,testcaseinfo.errorinfo) else:
mytablerow = "<tr><td>{0}</td><td>{1}</td><td>{2}</td><td>{3}</td><td>{4}</td><td>{5}</td><td>{6}</td></tr>".format(testcaseinfo.id,testcaseinfo.name,testcaseinfo.owner,testcaseinfo.result,testcaseinfo.starttime,testcaseinfo.endtime,testcaseinfo.errorinfo)
tableElem.append(mytree.HTML(str(mytablerow)))
f = open("TestResult.html","w") #html.tostring
newContent = repr(html.tostring(tree,method="html",with_tail=False))
newContent = newContent.replace(r"\n","").replace(r"\t","").replace('b\'',"")
newContent = newContent[:len(newContent)-1]
f.write(newContent)
f.close()
ok，最後看一下生成的測試報表：