參考:http://www.cnblogs.com/whgk/p/7121336.html
項目代碼下載地址:https://download.csdn.net/download/cyn_653620/10866776
一、maven父工程與子模塊的拆分與聚合原理
問題描述:將ssh工程拆分爲多個模塊開發
1.1、拆分原理
創建一個maven project(pom),然後在創建四個子模塊(maven moudule),其中四個子模塊,分別爲 domain、dao、service、web,也就是將四層的內容分別獨立爲一個項目,進一步將耦合性降低,其中如何將他們連接起來了,看下圖。
爲什麼需要創建parent父工程來管理其下四個子模塊呢?並讓其子模塊繼承他呢?
繼承是爲了消除重複,如果將domain、dao、service、web分開創建獨立的工程則每個工程的pom.xml文件中的內容存在重複,比如:設置編譯版本、鎖定spring的版本的等,可以將這些重複的配置提取出來在父工程的pom.xml中定義
將四層都獨立分開來了,web層如何調用service層代碼?service層又如何調用dao層的代碼呢?
這個在沒有maven之前是不可以這樣做的,但是有了maven一切都不一樣了,web層調用service層的代碼其實很簡單,因爲service是一個完整的項目,那麼我們在web層這個項目中想要使用別得項目中的代碼,只需要通過maven的pom.xml文件編寫對應的座標,將其jar包加入進來即可達到目的,因此,看圖中,ssh-web依賴ssh-service,ssh-service依賴ssh-dao,其中的原理就是我說的這樣,所以才能將這四層分開成獨立的項目,並且進一步抽取其公有依賴的jar包,統一交由父工程來管理,這就maven帶來的效果。
1.2、聚合原理
項目開發通常是分組分模塊開發,每個模塊開發完成要運行整個工程需要將每個模塊聚合在一起運行,比如:domain、dao、service、web四個工程最終會打一個獨立的war運行
二、案例實現
問題描述:使用maven將ssh項目進行分模塊,並且實現從web到domain層的數據實體的CRUD進行測試。
2.1、創建maven-parent父模塊
點擊next
點擊next
創建好之後的父工程如圖
從它的目錄結構可以看出,父工程本身不寫代碼,它裏面有一個pom.xml文件,這個文件可以將多個子模塊中通用的jar所對應的座標,集中在父工程中配置,將來的子模塊就可以不需要在pom.xml中配置通用jar的座標了。
在父工程的pom.xml中抽取一些重複的配置的,比如:鎖定jar包的版本、設置編譯版本等,一般這種都不需要我們自己臨時配置,網上或者公司都有已經寫好了的,每次使用就直接丟過來即可。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.cyn</groupId>
<artifactId>crm_ssh_parent</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>使用maven進行管理的基於ssh的客戶關係管理系統</name>
<!-- 爲了確定每個框架的版本號 -->
<!-- 鎖定版本常量-->
<properties>
<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<struts2.version>2.3.24</struts2.version>
<hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<shiro.version>1.2.3</shiro.version>
<cxf.version>3.0.1</cxf.version>
<c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
</properties>
<!-- 鎖定版本,struts2-2.3.24、spring4.2.4、hibernate5.0.7 -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.37</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<version>1.9.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- shiro -->
<!-- apache shiro dependencies -->
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
<version>${shiro.version}</version>
</dependency> -->
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- struts2 begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-json-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${struts2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- struts2 end -->
<!-- hibernate begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.2.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate end -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
<version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency> -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- Javamail -->
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.4</version>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.xfire</groupId>
<artifactId>xfire-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>1.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
<artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId>
<version>10.2.0.4.0</version>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
<artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>crm_ssh_parent</finalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
2.2、創建maven-dao子模塊
點next進入如下圖
點擊next,如下圖
點擊finish,完成,查看父工程中的pom.xml文件
最後多出一段這個
<modules>
<module>crm_ssh_dao</module>
</modules>
查看crm_ssh_dao中的pom.xml文件,會發現多了一個 parent結點,並且內部所包含的結點,其實就是父工程的座標
<parent>
<artifactId>crm_ssh_parent</artifactId>
<groupId>com.cyn</groupId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>..</relativePath>
</parent>
1.查看crm_ssh_dao的目錄結構
因爲是在dao層,和數據庫打交道,那麼就在這個項目中,需要配置數據源,至於實體,另開一個domain專門管理實體,和hibernate的實體和數據庫的映射關係。
2.applicationContext-dao.xml文件配置內容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 配置數據源 -->
<!-- 導入資源文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- SessionFactory 創建 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="configLocations" value="classpath*:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
<!-- 在覈心配置文件中沒有映射文件 -->
<!-- <property name="packagesToScan" value="test.entity"></property> -->
</bean>
</beans>
3.db.properties配置內容
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=199420
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test02?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&failOverReadOnly=false
jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
2.3、創建maven-domain子模塊
方法同crm_ssh_dao模塊創建方法一樣,模塊名稱爲crm_ssh_domain。
查看crm_ssh_domain的詳細目錄結構
2.hibernate.cfg.xml文件配置內容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 更新表結構 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping class="com.cyn.user.model.User"></mapping>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
2.4、創建ssh_service子模塊
方法同ssh_dao模塊創建方法一樣,模塊名稱爲crm_ssh_service。
看crm_ssh_service和crm_ssh_parent的pom.xml文件,會出現和crm_ssh_dao創建時一樣的情況,crm_ssh_service多出一個parents結點,crm_ssh_parent多個一個module結點
1.查看crm_ssh_service的詳細目錄結構
2.applicationContext-service.xml文件配置內容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<import resource="classpath*:applicationContext-dao.xml"/>
<!-- 事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 開啓註解,使用哪個事務管理器 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
2.5、創建ssh_web子模塊
方法同maven-dao模塊創建方法,模塊名稱爲crm_ssh_web,注意:打包方式爲war,而不再是jar包了,因爲該層需要放到tomcat中去。與瀏覽器交互,就是web項目了,所以打成war包
和前面一樣,crm_ssh_parent的pom.xml中增加一個module結點,而crm_ssh_web的pom.xml中增加一個parent結點
這個也很簡單,就是跟寫普通的struts2是一樣的,只不過是和spring的結合,有什麼對象,都通過spring來給予,並且這裏多做一個事情,就是將之前的applicationContext配置文件進行結合,看下圖
applicationContext-web.xml文件配置內容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 開啓註解掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cyn" />
<import resource="classpath*:applicationContext-service.xml"/>
</beans>
struts.xml配置文件內容(目前版本爲註解動態匹配)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- struts2xml文件配置開發 -->
<!-- <package name="default" extends="struts-default">
<action name="login" class="com.cyn.user.action.UserAction" method="login">
<result name="loginSuccess">/WEB-INF/hello.jsp</result>
<result name="login">/WEB-INF/login.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> -->
<!-- struts2註解配置開發 -->
<!-- 指定Web應用的默認編碼集,相當於調用HttpServletRequest的setCharacterEncoding方法 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
<!--該屬性指定需要Struts 2處理的請求後綴,該屬性的默認值是action,即所有匹配*.action的請求都由Struts2處理。 如果用戶需要指定多個請求後綴,則多個後綴之間以英文逗號(,)隔開-->
<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do,action,htm" />
<!-- strtus2 開放動態方法訪問 DMI-->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>
</struts>
web.xml文件配置內容(配置struts2的過濾器和spring的監聽器)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>crm_ssh_web</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置 struts2 核心過濾器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
前端界面文件包含login.jsp和hello.jsp
1)login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登錄頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login.action" method="post">
<br/>
<br/>
用戶名:<input type="text" id="username" name="username" /> <br/>
密碼:<input type="password" id="password" name="password" /> <br/>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
2)hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Hello,SSH</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello,${user.username}</h1>
</body>
</html>
2.6、總結與啓動
父工程和子模塊都寫完之後,目錄結構如圖: