運維修行記【1】CentOS7 安裝 MySQL 5.7

下載安裝包

#下載集合包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

#解壓
tar -xvf ./mysql-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

ls -l ./
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  25398288 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-client-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415    280896 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-common-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   3840412 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-devel-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  46773880 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  24078240 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 130082964 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2272368 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2116016 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  56029544 Oct  5 13:34 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 173096508 Oct  5 13:35 mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  15167212 Oct  5 13:35 mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 119909528 Oct  5 13:35 mysql-community-test-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安裝

#僅安裝 server, client, common, libs等包
rpm -ivh xxxxx.rpm

如果提示

error: Failed dependencies:

        mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64

那麼，查找mariadb-lib的全名，並忽略依賴關係卸載，然後再安裝mysql的rpm包即可

rpm -qa | grep mariadb-libs | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

如果提示錯誤

error: Failed dependencies:
        libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.24-1.el7.x86_64

那麼，執行yum install numactl後，即可正常安裝

運行

1. 查看MySQL服務端狀態

   service mysqld status
   

   結果如下

   	 Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
   ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
      Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
      Active: inactive (dead)
        Docs: man:mysqld(8)
              http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
   

   啓動mysql服務器

   service mysqld start
   

   登錄

   mysql -u root -h localhost
   

   如果提示如下錯誤，那麼你需要重置密碼

   ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
   

   重置方法爲，編輯/etc/my.cnf文件，在 [mysqld] 的配置的最後，新增一行skip-grant-tables，即登錄時跳過用戶驗證，如下圖
   

   然後，重啓mysql服務，並登錄，修改密碼

   #重啓服務
   service mysqld restart
   #登錄
   mysql
   

   進入MySQL控制檯後，修改密碼，刷新權限，再退出

   use mysql;
   update user set authentication_string=password("你的密碼") where user="root";
   flush privileges;
   quit
   

   此時密碼重置完成，再次修改/etc/my.cnf，將剛纔添加的skip-grant-tables刪除或者註釋掉。再次重啓mysql服務，service mysqld restart，此後即可正常地以密碼方式登錄，如 mysql -u root -h localhost -p

錯誤記錄

1. ERROR 1820 (HY000)

   ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
   

   解決方式:

   set password=password('密碼');