自動安裝部署，局域網不能有多個DHCP，虛擬機網卡-cobbler網絡類型，cobbler sync
一、cobbler服務器信息
[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@controller ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@controller ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
[root@controller ~]# ifconfig eno16777736|awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2 {print $3}'
192.168.153.11
[root@controller ~]# hostname
controller.www.local
二、安裝epel源和cobbler相關包
[root@controller ~]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/e/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm [root@controller ~]# yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd python-ctypes xinetd -y [root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@controller ~]# systemctl start cobblerd [root@controller ~]# systemctl enable httpd [root@controller ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd [root@controller ~]# systemctl status httpd [root@controller ~]# systemctl status cobblerd
三、cobbler配置
1、cobbler check檢查並處理。
[root@controller ~]# cobbler checkThe following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it. 2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network. 3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 4 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements. 5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl 6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one 8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes. 解決第1步和第2步： [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/cobbler/settings server: 192.168.153.11 next_server: 192.168.153.11 manage_dhcp: 1 解決第3步： [root@controller ~]# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp disable = no 解決第4步： [root@controller ~]# cobbler get-loaders task started: 2018-03-31_155437_get_loaders task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Sat Mar 31 15:54:37 2018) downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi *** TASK COMPLETE *** 解決第5步： [root@controller ~]# systemctl start rsyncd [root@controller ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service. 解決第7步： [root@controller ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'suijizhi' 'gxm' $1$suijizhi$7RpWQlgtVB8T8vrrCmV7v. default_password_crypted: "$1$suijizhi$7RpWQlgtVB8T8vrrCmV7v." [root@controller ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd [root@controller ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes. 這2個可以不解決，如果要解決用下面的命令安裝，不過安裝後再check又有其他提示。 [root@controller ~]# yum -y install debmirror yum-utils fence-agents（我自己沒安裝） 備註：防止誤重裝系統的方法（網上方法，自己沒有實驗過）pxe安裝只允許一次，防止誤操作 ( 在正式環境有用。實際測試來看，這個功能可以屏蔽掉 ) [root@controller ~]# sed -i 's/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings [root@controller ~]# grep '^pxe_just_once' /etc/cobbler/setting
2、修改dhcp模版文件，它會自動生產dhcp文件（網上也有cp一份模版重命名爲/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf配置文件的方式）
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.153.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.153.2;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.153.2;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.153.100 192.168.153.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next-server $next_server;
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {
filename "ia64/elilo.efi";
} else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {
filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";
} else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {
filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
} else if option pxe-system-type = 00:09 {
filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
} else {
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
}}3、複製pxelinux.0, menu.c32到/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/（不要做，我沒做）
[root@controller ~]# cd /usr/share/syslinux/ [root@controller ~]# cp -r * /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
4、重啓服務器並同步配置：
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd [root@controller ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2018-03-31_173554_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Mar 31 17:35:54 2018) running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images copying bootloaders trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi copying distros to tftpboot copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf rendering TFTPD files generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* *** TASK COMPLETE ***
5、檢查dhcp是否正常
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable dhcpd.service [root@controller ~]# netstat -lnup|grep dhcp udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 11738/dhcpd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1129 0.0.0.0:* 11738/dhcpd udp6 0 0 :::31636 :::* 11738/dhcpd
6、記得啓動下xinetd，要不客戶端會報這個錯誤：PXE-E32:TFTP open timeout TFTP"Open"請求沒有應答
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart xinetd [root@controller ~]# netstat -anltup | grep :69 udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:* 12005/xinetd
7、加載centos7的光盤或ISO文件
[root@controller ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ mount: /dev/sr0 寫保護，將以只讀方式掛載 [root@controller ~]# cobbler import --name=CentOS_7_x86_64 --path=/mnt/ task started: 2018-03-31_164113_import task started (id=Media import, time=Sat Mar 31 16:41:13 2018) Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS_7-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS_7-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS_7-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64 for CentOS_7-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64 need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64 looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE ***
8、加載centos6.9的光盤或ISO文件
[root@controller ~]# umount /mnt 加載centos6.9的光盤或ISO文件 [root@controller ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ [root@controller ~]# cobbler import --name=CentOS_6.9_x86_64 --path=/mnt/ task started: 2018-03-31_174506_import task started (id=Media import, time=Sat Mar 31 17:45:06 2018) Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS_6.9-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS_6.9-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS_6.9-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64 for CentOS_6.9-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64 need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64 looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE *** [root@controller ~]# ll /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ 總用量 8 dr-xr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 3月 29 2017 CentOS_6.9_x86_64 dr-xr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 12月 10 2015 CentOS_7_x86_64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 62 3月 31 17:48 config 查看dirstro。 [root@controller syslinux]# cobbler distro list CentOS_6.9-x86_64 CentOS_7-x86_64
9、準備centos 7的ks文件（如果不定義ks文件，默認有一個，生產環境用自己定義一個）
[root@controller ~]# vi /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS7_x86_64.ks.cfg #version=DEVEL # System authorization information auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Use network installation url --url=http://192.168.153.11/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64 # Use graphical install graphical # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --enable ignoredisk --only-use=sda # Keyboard layouts keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # System language lang en_US.UTF-8 # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777736 --onboot=yes --ipv6=auto network --hostname=localhost.localdomain # Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$password$7ZK8mMeLGXxbNPeJEFJOU0 # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc # System bootloader configuration bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda autopart --type=lvm # Partition clearing information clearpart --none --initlabel %packages @^minimal @core kexec-tools vim wget httpd lrzsz net-tools %end %addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto' %end selinux --disabled reboot
10、準備centos 6.9的ks文件
[root@controller ~]# vi /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS6.9_x86_64.ks.cfg #version=DEVEL # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Use network installation url --url=http://192.168.153.11/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_6.9_x86_64 # Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$password$7ZK8mMeLGXxbNPeJEFJOU0 # System authorization information auth --useshadow --enablemd5 # Use graphical install graphical firstboot --disable # System keyboard keyboard us # System language lang en_US # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Installation logging level logging --level=info # Reboot after installation reboot # System timezone timezone --isUtc Asia/Shanghai # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on # System bootloader configuration key --skip bootloader --append="rhgb quiet" --location=mbr --driveorder=sda # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Disk partitioning information part / --fstype="ext4" --size=8192 part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1024 part /home --fstype="ext4" --size=2048 %packages @base kexec-tools vim wget httpd lrzsz net-tools %end
11、添加Cobbler Profile
因爲導入centos7和centos6.9後系統默認產生了2個，所以可以直接在上面修改，命令是cobbler profile edit --name=xxx --kickstart=xxx 。不過我這裏是add新建，就是保留默認產生的2人，然後自己add新建兩個。
[root@controller kickstarts]# cobbler profile add
--name=CentOS7_X86_64-basic --distro=CentOS_7-x86_64
--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS7_x86_64.ks.cfg
[root@controller
kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS7_X86_64-basic
--kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
（這條是修改網卡名爲eth0，但是我沒做這個，生產環境會用到，7版本要用到，6版本不用）
[root@controller
kickstarts]# cobbler profile add --name=CentOS_6.9_X86_64-basic
--distro=CentOS_6.9-x86_64
--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS6.9_x86_64.ks.cfg
[root@controller kickstarts]# cobbler profile list
CentOS7_X86_64-basic
CentOS_6.9-x86_64
CentOS_6.9_X86_64-basic
CentOS_7-x86_64
[root@controller kickstarts]# cobbler profile report
Name : CentOS7_X86_64-basic
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS_7-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS7_x86_64.ks.cfg
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : xenpv
Name : CentOS_7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS_7-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
Name : CentOS_6.9_X86_64-basic
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS_6.9-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS6.9_x86_64.ks.cfg
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : xenpv
Name : CentOS_6.9-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS_6.9-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm12、cobbler sync下（好像不執行這個也可以，以前那之前已經執行了）
[root@controller ~]# cobbler sync
13、客戶端安裝，網卡模式啓動
14、cobbler web界面配置
使用系統用戶（pam）或者configfile定義用戶登錄管理cobbler web[root@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf [authentication] #module = authn_configfile （默認值） module = authn_pam [root@cobbler ~]# useradd Cadmin [root@cobbler ~]# echo "Cadmin" | passwd --stdin Cadmin Changing password for user Cadmin. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/users.conf [admins] admin = "Cadmin" [root@controller kickstarts]# systemctl restart cobblerd [root@controller kickstarts]# systemctl restart httpd 訪問地址 https://192.168.153.11/cobbler_web
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擴展1：客戶端默認是從local啓動的，需要手動選擇啓動項，如果要修改默認啓動項，更改下面這個配置文件。
LABEL CentOS_6.9-x86_64和LABEL CentOS_7-x86_64這個不是按照我的ks文件，默認密碼是改settings配置文件那個。其它兩個接basic是我自己的。
[root@controller kickstarts]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default DEFAULT menu PROMPT 0 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://www.gxm.com/ TIMEOUT 200 TOTALTIMEOUT 6000 ONTIMEOUT localLABEL local MENU LABEL (local) MENU DEFAULT LOCALBOOT -1 LABEL CentOS7_X86_64-basic kernel /images/CentOS_7-x86_64/vmlinuz MENU LABEL CentOS7_X86_64-basic append initrd=/images/CentOS_7-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.153.11/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS7_X86_64-basic ipappend 2 LABEL CentOS_6.9-x86_64 kernel /images/CentOS_6.9-x86_64/vmlinuz MENU LABEL CentOS_6.9-x86_64 append initrd=/images/CentOS_6.9-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.153.11/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS_6.9-x86_64 ipappend 2 LABEL CentOS_6.9_X86_64-basic kernel /images/CentOS_6.9-x86_64/vmlinuz MENU LABEL CentOS_6.9_X86_64-basic append initrd=/images/CentOS_6.9-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.153.11/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS_6.9_X86_64-basic ipappend 2 LABEL CentOS_7-x86_64 kernel /images/CentOS_7-x86_64/vmlinuz MENU LABEL CentOS_7-x86_64 append initrd=/images/CentOS_7-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.153.11/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS_7-x86_64 ipappend 2 MENU end 或者修改[root@controller kickstarts]# vi /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template這個文件。
擴展2：通過MAC地址定製化安裝（注意ks用默認產生的，因爲你自建的ks一般可能你手動固定了主機名等，這樣ks文件優先）
我們可以根據不同的MAC地址來給安裝 不同的操作系統、配置不同的靜態iP、設置不同的主機名、應用指定的ks文件等等，vmware虛擬機查看MAC地址步驟如圖：
[root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler system add --name=gxm01 --mac=00:0C:29:88:17:13 --profile=CentOS_7-x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.153.200 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.153.2 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=linux-gxm --name-servers="114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8" --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks [root@localhost cobbler]# cobbler system list gxm01 如果誤操作了，可以刪除重新add [root@controller ~]# cobbler system remove --name gxm01 如果要修改，用下面的命令獲取幫助 [root@controller ~]# cobbler system edit --help 接下來我們創建一個虛擬機，mac地址爲00:0C:29:88:17:13，啓動後會發現自動進入安裝系統了，等安裝完以後，所有的配置都和我們當初設置的一樣。
擴展3：
備註1：網友的遇到的一個問題處理版本
期間因爲導入CentOS7的鏡像文件時我的電腦磁盤滿了而虛擬機停止，觸發了一個Cobbler的BUG，再次啓動虛擬機後重新導入CentOS7的映像文件時顯示如下。
# cobbler import --name=CentOS_7_x86_64 --path=/mnt/
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/cobbler", line 35, in <module>
sys.exit(app.main())
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line 644, in main
rc = cli.run(sys.argv)
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line 270, in run
self.token = self.remote.login("", self.shared_secret)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1199, in __call__
return self.__send(self.__name, args)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1489, in __request
verbose=self.__verbose
File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1253, in request
return self._parse_response(h.getfile(), sock)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1392, in _parse_response
return u.close()
File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 838, in close
raise Fault(**self._stack[0])
xmlrpclib.Fault: <Fault 1: "<class 'cobbler.cexceptions.CX'>:'login failed'">
解決方法。
# service cobblerd restart
Stopping cobbler daemon: [ OK ]
Starting cobbler daemon: [ OK ]
# cobbler get-loaders
重新導入。
# cobbler import --name=CentOS_7_x86_64 --path=/mnt/
task started: 2014-10-08_173739_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Wed Oct 8 17:37:39 2014)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=fedora16
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=fedora17
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=fedora18
No signature matched in /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS_7_x86_64
!!! TASK FAILED !!!
這個時候又一次的出錯了：!!! TASK FAILED !!!，使用如下命令解決。
# cobbler signature update
再次導入。
# cobbler import --name=CentOS_7_x86_64 --path=/mnt/
備註2：Cobbler 子命令介紹
cobbler check #檢查cobbler配置
cobbler sync #步配置到dhcp pxe和數據目錄
cobbler list #列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler import #導入安裝的系統光盤鏡像
cobbler report #列出各元素的詳細信息
cobbler distro #查看導入的發行版系統信息
cobbler profile #查看配置信息
cobbler system #查看添加的系統信息
cobbler reposync #同步yum倉庫到本地
備註3：配置文件目錄：
/etc/cobbler
/etc/cobbler/settings : cobbler 主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/iso/: iso模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxe: pxe模板文件
/etc/cobbler/power: 電源配置文件
/etc/cobbler/user.conf: web服務授權配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest: web訪問的用戶名密碼配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template : dhcp服務器的的配置末班
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template : dns服務器的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template : tftp服務的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf : 模塊的配置文件
備註4：數據目錄：
/var/lib/cobbler/config/: 用於存放distros，system，profiles 等信 息配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/: 用於存放用戶定義的cobbler命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstart/: 默認存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/: 存放各種引導程序 鏡像目錄
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/: 導入的發行版系統的所有數據
/var/www/cobbler/images/ : 導入發行版的kernel和initrd鏡像用於 遠程網絡啓動
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/: yum 倉庫存儲目錄
備註5：日誌目錄：
/var/log/cobbler/installing: 客戶端安裝日誌
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log : cobbler日誌
備註6：使用koan實現重新安裝系統
在客戶端安裝koan（要配置好源）
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum install koan
查看cobbler上的配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# koan --server=10.0.0.101 --list=profiles
- looking for Cobbler at http://10.0.0.101:80/cobbler_api
Centos-7.2-x86_64
重新安裝客戶端系統
[root@localhost ~]# koan --replace-self --server=10.0.0.101 --profile=webserver1
重啓系統後會自動重裝系統