一、安裝
1、下載(此處不再贅述,忽略)
2、解壓到指定目錄
[root@localhost home]# tar zxvf nginx-1.11.2.tar.gz -C /myapp/
[root@localhost home]# cd /myapp/nginx-1.11.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# ls
auto CHANGES CHANGES.ru conf configure contrib html LICENSE man README src
3、使用yum安裝依賴庫 【gcc 、pcre、openssl、zilib】
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# yum -y install gcc
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# yum -y install pcre
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# yum -y install openssl
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# yum -y install zlib
4、編譯並安裝
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# make
[root@localhost nginx-1.11.2]# make install
5、說明:
參數 --with-http_stub_status_modul是爲了啓用nginx的 NginxStatus 功能,用來監控 Nginx 的當前狀態
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx 指定安裝目錄更詳細的參數參考./configure --help
安裝成功後 /usr/local/nginx 目錄下有四個子目錄分別是:conf、html、logs、sbin 。
二、配置Nginx
1、配置
#user nobody;
user root root; #工作進程的屬主
worker_processes 1; #工作進程數,一般與 CPU核數等同
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
############################################################################
# 使用的網絡I/O模型,Linux系統推薦採用epoll模型,FreeeBSD系統推薦採用kqueue模型use epoll;
############################################################################
worker_connections 1024; #每個工作進程允許最大的同時連接數
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
############################################################################
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
# 設置客戶端能夠上傳的文件大小,注意要與應用程序中的文件大小限制兼容。
client_max_body_size 10m;
# sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
# keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# 以下放開註釋 自定義日誌記錄格式設置,main爲名字,在access_log命令中引用
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#指定日誌存放路徑,如果想使用默認的combined格式記錄日誌,可以使用access_log logs/access.log combined; 以下是使用log_format自定義的格式記錄日誌的。
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
############################################################################
# 開啓gzip壓縮設置(只能在http模塊中設置)
gzip on; #放開註釋
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#upstream設置,設置代理服務器(負載均衡池),默認的負載均衡方式是輪詢,另外一種是ip_hash
upstream tomcat_server{
ip_hash; #每個請求按訪問ip的hash結果分配,這樣每個訪客固定訪問一個後端服務器,可以解決session的問題。
server 10.10.10.145:8081 weight=10;
server 10.10.10.146:8082 weight=10;
}
#處理上傳和下載的圖片文件服務器,設置代理服務器(負載均衡池),默認的負載均衡方式是輪訓,另外一種是ip_hash
upstream image_server{
server 10.10.10.148:8083 weight=10;
}
############################################################################
server {
listen 8090; #nginx偵聽端口 根據自己需要修改 我的8080端口已經被佔用,所以修改爲8090
server_name localhost;
############################################################################
charset utf-8;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.do;
############################################################################
#charset koi8-r;
############################################################################
#rewrite settings
if (-d $request_filename)
{
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
}
############################################################################
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
#root html;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.do;
}
############################################################################
# iamge 服務器location
location ~*/admin/images/{
# alias /web/www/html/img/;
proxy_pass http://image_server;
proxy_set_header Host $host:8083;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location ~*/admin/
{
# 如果後端服務器返回502,504,執行超時等錯誤,自動將請求轉發到upstream負載均衡池中的另一臺服務器,實現failover。
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
proxy_redirect off;
# 變量$host等於客戶端請求頭中的Host值
#proxy_set_header Host $host:8081;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
#後端的web服務器可以通過X-Forwarded-For獲取真實的IP地址,$remote_addr客戶端的ip地址
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
}
#image expires settings
# expires 屬於http Header模塊,主要用來Nginx返回給用戶網頁添加附件的header信息,可以在http,server,location中使用
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
#css&js expires settings
# expires 屬於http Header模塊,主要用來Nginx返回給用戶網頁添加附件的header信息,可以在http,server,location中使用
location ~ .*\.(js|css|html)?$
{
expires 2h;
}
# 放開註釋
error_page 404 /404.html;
############################################################################
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
2、測試
測試配置文件是否正確
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果顯示以下信息,說明配置正確可以啓動Nginx服務
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
3、啓動、重啓、停止、重新加載配置文件命令
啓 動nginx: /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
重 啓Nginx: /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
停 止Nginx: /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
重新加載配置文件:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf