LNMP环境的搭建

1、首先在/media目录下创建一个目录cdrom并将将光盘挂载到系统/media/cdrom下
          mkdir /media/cdrom
          mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom/
2、进入到/etc/yum.repos.d目录CentOS-Base.repo重命名。

          cd /etc/yum.repos.d
          mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
      vi CentOS-Media.repo
    修改为
    gpgcheck=0
    enabled=1

***3、将所有的CentOS安装包链接到/media/CentOS
ln -s /media/cdrom/CentOS/ /media/CentOS
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
是这个吗





//src

yum -y install cmake make ncurses-devel gcc gcc-c++ bison perl

    创建MySQL用户和用户组

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
    
    解压缩

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.12.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.12

    MySQL5.5之前的版本是configure现在是cmake，格式略有不同，以下使用了换行符，如果不用换行符则在同一行。

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/webserver/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/webserver/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/3306/data \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

编译安装

make
make install

更改目录所有者为mysql并创建相关目录

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/3306/data/
mkdir -p /data/mysql/3306/binlog/
mkdir -p /data/mysql/3306/relaylog/
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

对数据库进行初始化
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql \
--datadir=/data/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql --defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf \
--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

删除默认配置文件并设置开机启动

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
cd support-files/ma
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

启动MySQL

service mysqld start

登录MySQL并创建默认用户

登陆mysql
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql

登录后再MySQL命令界面下执行如下命令创建root用户，并将密码也设置成root（当然可以设置为其他值）
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
flush privileges;

到此为止已经安装完成！

    其他优化配置可以参考如下做法：

编辑MySQL的配置文件vi /usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf 然后输入如下配置

    #错误日志目录
    log-error = /data/mysql/3306/mysql_error.log
    #二进制日志目录
    log-bin = /data/mysql/3306/binlog/binlog

    #InnoDB 缓存数据大小(索引、锁、插入缓冲、数据字典等)
    #推荐设置为物理内存的25%-50%
    innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G

    #InnoDB共享表空间初始化大小
    innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend

    #每次事务提交或事务外的指令都需要将日志写入硬盘，设置为1比较安全
    innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

    #InnoDB日志缓存
    innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M

    #InnoDB 大量写操作时有帮助
    innodb_log_file_size = 256M

    #启用InnoDB的status file
    innodb_status_file = 1

    #最大连接数
    max_connections = 100

    #最大连接错误次数
    max_connect_errors = 10000

    #设置慢查询时间
    long_query_time = 1

    #设置临时表最大值，max_heap_table_size 和 tmp_table_size 要设置一样大
    max_heap_table_size = 96M
    tmp_table_size = 96M

修改后重启MySQL，如果不能重启成功需要将/data/mysql/3306/data目录下的ibdata1及ib_logfile*文件删除然后重新启动。 

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

(1)安装Nginx1.5.2
更新Nginx和PHP的依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng \
libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel \
glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel \
curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel \
openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients \
openldap-servers gd gd2 gd-devel gd2-devel perl-CPAN

安装Nginx所需的pcre库
tar zxvf pcre-8.33.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.33
./configure
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /usr/lib64/libpcre.so.1
cd ../

tar zxvf nginx-1.5.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.5.2
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_p_w_picpath_filter_module
make
make install
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

创建web根目录并修改权限,当然可以指定其他目录,只要和Nginx配置文件一致即可
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
修改#user  nobody;为user www www;
%%%%修改location /{}中的root html;为网站目录例如/data0/htdocs/www
在/data0/htdocs/www目录中随便创建一个index.html文件
启动nginx并访问
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
其他命令:
测试nginx的配置文件是否正确/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
修改nginx配置文件后使之生效/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

(2)安装PHP
安装PHP所需依赖包
tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

对共享库做符号链接
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib64/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib64/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib64/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.18
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf php-5.5.0.tar.gz

cd php-5.5.0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization \
--with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \
--enable-opcache=no --without-pear --disable-fileinfo

如果内存较大 可以去掉--disable-fileinfo

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
cp /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

修改
user = nobody
group = nobody
为
user = www
group = www
将;pid = run/php-fpm.pid前的;去掉并修改为
pid = /usr/local/webserver/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

启动php-fpm
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm

(3)配置Nginx支持PHP,并支持pathinfo
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf
将fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;前加#注释
并在最上方添加
#------------------------------------------------------
fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
#fastcgi_index  index.php;

set $path_info "";
set $real_fastcgi_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;
if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") {
        set $real_fastcgi_script_name $1;
        set $path_info $2;
}
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $real_fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO $path_info;
#------------------------------------------------------
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
找到第一个server中的location /{***} 然后添加
#------------------------------------------------------
     location ~* .*\.php($|/){
                 include  fastcgi.conf;
        }
#------------------------------------------------------
使配置文件生效
kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/webserver/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

将Nginx与fpm加入自启动
vi /etc/rc.local
输入
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
=====================================================
编译PHP扩展模块memcache、pdo_mysql、imagick
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.7.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.7
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/include/* /usr/local/include/
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-3.1.0RC2.tgz
cd imagick-3.1.0RC2
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../
修改php的配置文件
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
查找;extension_dir = "/" 将前面的;去掉并修改为
extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/"
并加入
extension=memcache.so
extension=pdo_mysql.so
extension=imagick.so
执行kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/webserver/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
使配置文件生效
------------------------------------------------------------------
(4)nginx的其他配置及优化
将;gzip on前的;去掉开启gzip压缩
并加入详细参数

gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 16 64k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 9;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

如果需要将所有请求都重写到index.php在location /{}中添加如下代码即可
if (!-e $request_filename){
    rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 last;

}