實驗目的:
理解LVM(邏輯卷管理器),添加、刪除和調整LVM大小。
實驗環境:
操作系統:RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 (RHEL5)
相關軟件:lvm2-2.02.16-3.el5
實驗步驟:
1. 新建分區,並將新分區的系統類型改爲Linux LVM
使用“fdisk”交互模式新增分區
[root@linux tmp]# fdisk /dev/hda
Command (m for help): n //使用“n”新建分區
First cylinder (7797-9729, default 7797):
Using default value 7797
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7797-9729, default 9729): +100M // 設定分區大小
First cylinder (7797-9729, default 7797):
Using default value 7797
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7797-9729, default 9729): +100M // 設定分區大小
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (7810-9729, default 7810):
Using default value 7810
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7810-9729, default 9729): +100M
First cylinder (7810-9729, default 7810):
Using default value 7810
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7810-9729, default 9729): +100M
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (7823-9729, default 7823):
Using default value 7823
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7823-9729, default 9729): +50M
First cylinder (7823-9729, default 7823):
Using default value 7823
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (7823-9729, default 9729): +50M
Command (m for help): p //使用“p”查看分區信息
我們剛剛建立的分區如下
/dev/hda5 7797 7809 104391 83 Linux
/dev/hda6 7810 7822 104391 83 Linux
/dev/hda7 7823 7829 56196 83 Linux
/dev/hda6 7810 7822 104391 83 Linux
/dev/hda7 7823 7829 56196 83 Linux
Linux LVM分區類型代碼爲“8e”,(我們可以通過“l” 查看分區類型代碼)
將剛剛建立的分區轉換成Linux LVM類型
Command (m for help): t //使用“t”轉換分區類型
Partition number (1-7): 7 // 輸入分區號
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e //輸入分區類型代碼
Changed system type of partition 7 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Partition number (1-7): 7 // 輸入分區號
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e //輸入分區類型代碼
Changed system type of partition 7 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 6
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 6 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Partition number (1-7): 6
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 6 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 5 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Partition number (1-7): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 5 to 8e (Linux LVM)
查看現在的分區信息
/dev/hda5 7797 7809 104391 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hda6 7810 7822 104391 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hda7 7823 7829 56196 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hda6 7810 7822 104391 8e Linux LVM
/dev/hda7 7823 7829 56196 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w //輸入“w” 保存退出
立即更新分區信息而不用重新啓動系統
[root@linux tmp]# partprobe
2. 建立PV(物理卷)
將新建的分區“ /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6 /dev/hda7 ”轉換爲PV
[root@linux tmp]# pvcreate /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6 /dev/hda7
Physical volume "/dev/hda5" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/hda6" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/hda7" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/hda5" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/hda6" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/hda7" successfully created
查看PV信息
[root@linux tmp]# pvdisplay
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda5
VG Name
PV Size 101.94 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID jSaI8a-D2B3-5HSA-LkPT-hQ1v-gut6-yY10t6
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda6
VG Name
PV Size 101.94 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID ZHYeHa-lJtI-0UA8-DZhN-WBiU-0pfF-gqFlsy
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda7
VG Name
PV Size 54.88 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID KLBWkX-l694-Yagy-BdHf-RkJ2-2NIC-ltGty0
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda5
VG Name
PV Size 101.94 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID jSaI8a-D2B3-5HSA-LkPT-hQ1v-gut6-yY10t6
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda6
VG Name
PV Size 101.94 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID ZHYeHa-lJtI-0UA8-DZhN-WBiU-0pfF-gqFlsy
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda7
VG Name
PV Size 54.88 MB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID KLBWkX-l694-Yagy-BdHf-RkJ2-2NIC-ltGty0
3. 建立VG(卷組)
將剛剛建立的PV中的2個分配到VG中,將VG命名爲vg1
[root@linux tmp]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
查看建立好的VG
[root@linux tmp]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 200.00 MB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 50
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 50 / 200.00 MB
VG UUID GOysUz-Fyeu-ttE0-R3UE-ra3Z-s1dM-l4QZ7n
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 200.00 MB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 50
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 50 / 200.00 MB
VG UUID GOysUz-Fyeu-ttE0-R3UE-ra3Z-s1dM-l4QZ7n
4. 建立LV(邏輯卷)
建立新的LV,分配VG中全部的空間,並命名爲LV1
[root@linux tmp]# lvcreate -L 200M -n lv1 vg1
Logical volume "lv1" created
Logical volume "lv1" created
查看LV信息
[root@linux tmp]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg1/lv1
VG Name vg1
LV UUID PkCxki-KweE-AcpE-r1KO-cguR-mxUm-xvPP0n
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 200.00 MB
Current LE 50
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:3
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg1/lv1
VG Name vg1
LV UUID PkCxki-KweE-AcpE-r1KO-cguR-mxUm-xvPP0n
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 200.00 MB
Current LE 50
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors 0
Block device 253:3
使用ext3格式,建立LV的文件系統
[root@linux tmp]# mke2fs -j /dev/vg1/lv1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
51200 inodes, 204800 blocks
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
25 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
51200 inodes, 204800 blocks
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
25 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
6. 掛載LV分區到目錄
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
6. 掛載LV分區到目錄
[root@linux tmp]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /tmp/lvm/
[root@linux tmp]# mount
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 on /tmp/lvm type ext3 (rw)
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 on /tmp/lvm type ext3 (rw)
實驗總結:
LVM將物理磁盤分區通過邏輯方式進行靈活的管理,可以充分保證在實際環境中對磁盤空間的合理利用。下期實驗介紹如何調整LVM的大小和刪除LVM。
RHCE_LAB(6)RHEL5的LVM應用實例(LVM創建)——結束