升級SYSVOL的複製方式

在將Windows 2003域控升級到Windows Server 2008 R2域控的過程中,升級SYSVO的複製方式是很容易被忽略的事情,我是在做文件服務器規劃的時候,看到了相關信息:升級後的域控之間的複製仍然是使用FRS複製(FRS應該在Windows Server 2000時代,DFS出現在windows Server 2003 R2時代,二者的詳細信息建議看看微軟的官方文檔),雖然FRS可以很好的完成AD數據的同步,但是有好東西爲什麼不用,何況公司現在的域控數量正在快速增長,拓撲復雜,DFS應該可以很好的減輕網絡負載,所以宜早不宜遲。

升級前,請務必瞭解升級的原理、回滾的機制、異常處理方法,最好在試驗環境熟練這些操作,以下文檔可以非常好的幫助我們理解和指導升級:

SYSVOL Migration Series:

http://blogs.technet.com/b/filecab/archive/2008/02/08/sysvol-migration-series-part-1-introduction-to-the-sysvol-migration-process.aspx

SYSVOL Replication Migration Guide: FRS to DFS Replication 下載地址:

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&FamilyID=df8e5e84-c6c6-4cef-9dab-304c92299804

上面2個鏈接在technet library中的這個鏈接都可以找到:

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd640019(WS.10).aspx

FRS升級到DFS大致分爲四個狀態(其中中間的2個狀態DFS和FRS並行存在),以上三個連接都很清楚的說明了,摘抄下:


‘START’ state: In this state, FRS is responsible for replicating the contents of the SYSVOL share between domain controllers. The main replication engine for the SYSVOL share on each of the domain controllers in the domain is FRS.


‘PREPARED’ state: In the ‘PREPARED’ state, the DFS Replication service makes a copy of the contents of the SYSVOL share for itself. It then proceeds to initiate replication of its copy of the SYSVOL folder with the DFS Replication service running on other peer domain controllers which have migrated to the ‘PREPARED’ state. At this stage of the migration process, the main replication engine for the SYSVOL share on each of the domain controllers in the domain is still FRS. 
 

‘REDIRECTED’ state: In the ‘REDIRECTED’ state, the replication responsibility is shifted to the DFS Replication service. The copy of the SYSVOL folder which was being replicated by the DFS Replication service is now the one that is shared out by the Netlogon service and advertized by the domain controller. FRS is, in the meantime, replicating the old SYSVOL folder with the FRS service running on other peer domain controllers. At this stage of the migration process, the main replication engine for each of the domain controllers in the domain is the DFS Replication service.
 

’ELIMINATED’ state: In the ‘ELIMINATED’ state, once the domain administrator has ensured that replication is working fine, the FRS service is retired and the DFS Replication service assumes sole responsibility for replicating the contents of the SYSVOL share between all domain controllers in that domain.
 

以下是對幾十臺域控升級過程的一些經驗:

1、域和林架構都升到windows Server 2008 R2;

2、確保所有域控在線(雖然不在線的可以單獨升級,但是增加複雜度……),最好在PDC進行所有操作,PDC可以鏈接到所有域控,使用以下命令檢查域控在線和複製情況:

Repadmin.exe /replsummary * /bysrc /bydest /sort:failures

或者
repadmin /ReplSum

3、運行以下命令將域控複製狀態從START變更爲PREPARED:

dfsrmig /SetGlobalState 1

4、運行以下命令檢查所有域控遷移狀態是否全部變更:

dfsrmig /getglobalstate

dfsrmig /GetMigrationState

這一步需要耐性等待,個把小時是正常的,可以每隔15分鐘重複運行以上命令查看狀態,另外看看仍然沒有變更過來的域控中的DFS相關日誌,有些分站點域控其實已經變更了,但是在PDC運行命令檢查的時候,狀態信息並沒有即時的複製過來,謹慎起見,還是等待,知道沒有一個域控返回不正常狀態,然後執行下一步;

5、運行以下命令將域控複製狀態從PREPARED變更爲REDIRECTED:

dfsrmig /SetGlobalState 2

6、運行以下命令檢查所有域控遷移狀態是否全部變更:

dfsrmig /getglobalstate

dfsrmig /GetMigrationState

耐心,同上。。。。

7、運行以下命令將域控複製狀態從REDIRECTED變更爲ELIMINATED:

dfsrmig /SetGlobalState 3

謹慎操作,執行該命令後,FRS將成爲歷史,不像之前的操作,此操作將不可逆!

8、運行以下命令檢查所有域控遷移狀態是否全部變更:

dfsrmig /getglobalstate

dfsrmig /GetMigrationState

耐心,同上。。。。

完成後,會發現FRS文件複製服務停止了,DFS處於運行狀態。

升級很順利,就是時間比較長,2個小時吧。

Good Luck!

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