DHCP簡介
DHCP是動態主機配置協議（Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol）的簡稱，是一種簡化計算機IP地址分配管理的TCP/IP標準協議。網絡管理員可以利用DHCP服務器動態分配IP地址及其相關的環境配置。
DHCP的工作過程
DHCP客戶使用兩種不同的過程來與DHCP服務器通信並獲得TCP/IP配置。當客戶機首次啓動並嘗試加入網絡時，執行的事初始化過程，而在客戶機擁有IP租用之後將執行刷新過程。
DHCP的安裝
安裝DHCP
#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected,mounting read-only
# cd/mnt/cdrom/Packages/
# lsdhcp*
dhcp-4.2.5-27.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
dhcp-common-4.2.5-27.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
dhcp-libs-4.2.5-27.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
#rpm -Uvh dhcp-4.2.5-27.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
warning:dhcp-4.2.5-27.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key IDf4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... #################################[100%]
Updating / installing...
1:dhcp-12:4.2.5-27.el7.centos ################################# [100%]
#rpm -qc dhcp
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf
/etc/openldap/schema/dhcp.schema
/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases
/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd6.leases
# cd/etc/dhcp/
# cpdhcpd.conf dhcpd.conf.origin
#cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
#DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
編輯dhcpd.conf
在最後添加如下信息
# vi/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name"bigcloud.local";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.188.11,192.168.188.12;
#VLAN1
option routers 192.168.188.2 subnet192.168.188.0 network 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.188.100 192.168.188.159;
range 192.168.188.170 192.168.188.253;
default-lease-time 259200;
max-lease-time 259200;
}
#VLAN2
option routes 192.168.188.2 subnet192.168.189.0 network 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.189.100 192.168.189.253;
default-lease-time 691200;
max-lease-time 691200;
}
host printer {
hardware ethernet 00:12:34:56:78:90;
fixed-address 192.168.188.111;
}
配置DHCPD爲自動啓動
#chkconfig dhcpd on
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctlenable dhcpd.service'.
#systemctl enable dhcpd
測試
我們可以找一臺物理機進行測試，看是否能分到ip
我們可以使用ipconfig /release釋放ip
在使用ipconfig /renew 重新獲取ip
我們就可以看到
以太網適配器本地連接：
連接特定的DNS後綴............：bigcloud.local
本地連接IPv6地址.............：fe80:bc6f:8cb2:2c8a:ee10%11
IPv4地址.....................：192.168.188.100
子網掩碼.....................：255.255.255.0
默認網關.....................：192.168.188.2