一、Git簡介
- Git是一個開源的分佈式版本控制系統，用於敏捷高效地處理任何或小或大的項目。
- Git 是 Linus Torvalds 爲了幫助管理 Linux 內核開發而開發的一個開放源碼的版本控制軟件。
- Git 與常用的版本控制工具 CVS, Subversion 等不同，它採用了分佈式版本庫的方式，不必服務器端軟件支持。
二、Git安裝
1.centos7安裝Git
[root@server-1 ~]# yum install -y git
2.查看安裝的Git版本
[root@server-1 ~]# git --version
git version 1.8.3.1
3.創建git安裝目錄並初始化
[root@server-1 ~]# mkdir /data/git/
[root@server-1 ~]# cd /data/git/
[root@server-1 git]# git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /data/git/.git/初始化後在該目錄下會生成.git隱藏目錄
[root@server-1 git]# ls -la
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Apr 8 09:07 .
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 45 Apr 8 09:05 ..
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 119 Apr 8 09:07 .git
[root@server-1 git]# ls .git/
branches config description HEAD hooks info objects refs4.新建一個test.txt測試文件
[root@server-1 git]# vim test.txt
123abc
把本地test.txt文件添加到git倉庫
[root@server-1 git]# git add test.txt
add後必須執行commit才能真正把文件提交到git倉庫裏
[root@server-1 git]# git commit -m "add new file test.txt"
*** Please tell me who you are.
Run
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
to set your account's default identity.
Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.
fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'root@server-1.(none)')修改test.txt
[root@server-1 git]# vim test.txt
123abc
456789[root@server-1 git]# git add test.txt
[root@server-1 git]# git commit -m "add new file test.txt"
*** Please tell me who you are.
Run
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
to set your account's default identity.
Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.
fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'root@server-1.(none)')報錯信息fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'root@server-1.(none)')解決辦法
編輯vi .git/config ，添加如下參數
[user]
email = root@server-1
name = server-1
報錯解決
再次添加和提交test.txt文件
[root@server-1 git]# git add test.txt
[root@server-1 git]# git commit -m "add new file test.txt"
[master (root-commit) 66455b2] add new file test.txt
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 test.txt
查看當前倉庫中的狀態是否有改動的文件
[root@server-1 git]# git status
# On branch master
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
# .test.txt.swp
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
5.查看倉庫裏面文件版本更新的東西
[root@server-1 git]# git add test.txt
[root@server-1 git]# git commit -m "add new file test.txt"
[master 2654728] add new file test.txt
1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
[root@server-1 git]# git status
# On branch master
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
# .test.txt.swp
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
[root@server-1 git]# git log
commit 26547288f6ad9e70ab842b4848febc6d4ddeb5aa
Author: server-1 <root@server-1>
Date: Sun Apr 8 11:44:27 2018 +0800
add new file test.txt
commit 66455b2eaeb1bde8f76b54626d290ac814642723
Author: server-1 <root@server-1>
Date: Sun Apr 8 10:09:53 2018 +0800
add new file test.txt
[root@server-1 git]# git log
commit 26547288f6ad9e70ab842b4848febc6d4ddeb5aa
Author: server-1 <root@server-1>
Date: Sun Apr 8 11:44:27 2018 +0800
add new file test.txt
commit 66455b2eaeb1bde8f76b54626d290ac814642723
Author: server-1 <root@server-1>
Date: Sun Apr 8 10:09:53 2018 +0800
add new file test.txt
[root@server-1 git]# ^C
[root@server-1 git]# git log
commit 26547288f6ad9e70ab842b4848febc6d4ddeb5aa
Author: server-1 <root@server-1>
Date: Sun Apr 8 11:44:27 2018 +0800
add new file test.txt
commit 66455b2eaeb1bde8f76b54626d290ac814642723
Author: server-1 <root@server-1>
Date: Sun Apr 8 10:09:53 2018 +0800
add new file test.txt
查看單行顯示日誌
[root@server-1 git]# git log --pretty=oneline
26547288f6ad9e70ab842b4848febc6d4ddeb5aa add new file test.txt
66455b2eaeb1bde8f76b54626d290ac814642723 add new file test.txt
6.回退版本，撤銷已修改的版本