近段時間對shell腳本和python進行了梳理，將一些腳本中常用的內容，考慮多種方法整理出來，形成有用的代碼片段，這樣就可以在需要的時候直接使用，也可以用於備忘和思考。
本次整理的代碼片段有： python中日期、時間常用獲取方法； 記錄處理日誌的logging模塊使用；從目錄，文件，命名結果中，獲取循環條件進行循環。
我將這些有用的代碼片段整理在一個Python腳本中了，並且測試可用。
腳本內容如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#_*_coding:utf8_*_
#常用日期和時間
import datetime,time
today = datetime.date.today()
yesterday = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
tomorrow = datetime.date.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=1)
Today_nyr = int(datetime.datetime.strftime(today, '%Y%m%d'))
Yesterday_nyr = int(datetime.datetime.strftime(yesterday, '%Y%m%d'))
Tomorrow_nyr = int(datetime.datetime.strftime(tomorrow ,'%Y%m%d'))
time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
print "now time is {time}".format(time=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time())))
print "normal type , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tomorrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=today,yesterday=yesterday,tommorrow=tomorrow)
print "nyr style , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tommrrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=Today_nyr,yesterday=Yesterday_nyr,tommorrow=Tomorrow_nyr)
#logging.info("now time is {time}".format(time=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))))
#logging.info("normal type , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tomorrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=today,yesterday=yesterday,tommorrow=tomorrow))
#logging.info("nyr style , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tommrrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=Today_nyr,yesterday=Yesterday_nyr,tommorrow=Tomorrow_nyr))
###程序日誌模塊logging使用
import logging
import os
THISFILEPATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
logfile = '{path}/python_test_file.log'.format(path=THISFILEPATH)
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
format='%(asctime)s - %(filename)s - [line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s: %(message)s',
datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
filename=logfile,
#level=10,
filemode='a')
logging.info("This is a info.\n")
logging.warn("This is a warning.\n")
logging.error("This is a error.\n")
#logging.log("This is a log. \n\n")
logging.debug("This is a debug. \n\n")
logging.critical("This is a critical \n\n\n")
logging.info("now time is {time}".format(time=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))))
logging.info("normal type , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tomorrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=today,yesterday=yesterday,tommorrow=tomorrow))
logging.info("nyr style , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tommrrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=Today_nyr,yesterday=Yesterday_nyr,tommorrow=Tomorrow_nyr))
###從一個目錄中，取出所有文件名進行循環
from subprocess import call
File_Dir = "/tmp"
File_List = os.listdir(File_Dir)
for f in File_List:
if( f[0] == '.' ):
continue
else:
logging.info("{filename}".format(filename=f))
###讀取一個文件的多行，進行循環
#文件讀取方法一：
file = open("/tmp/3.txt")
while 1:
line = file.readline()
if not line:
break
logging.info("this line is :{line}".format(line=line))
#文件讀取方法二：
import fileinput
for line in fileinput.input("/tmp/3.txt"):
logging.info("this line is :{line} .".format(line=line))
#文件讀取方法三：
file = open("/tmp/3.txt")
for line in file:
logging.info("this line is :{line} .".format(line=line))
###獲取一個shell命令執行結果，進行循環
#獲取命令方法一：
import subprocess
shell_cmd = "df -h | awk '{print $1}'"
p = subprocess.Popen("{cmd}".format(cmd=shell_cmd), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
out = p.stdout.readlines()
for line in out:
print line.strip()
logging.info(" file system is :{line} .".format(line=line.strip()))
#獲取命令方法二：
for line in subprocess.Popen("df -h | awk '{print $1}'",shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.readlines():
print line.strip()
logging.info(" file system is :{line} .".format(line=line.strip()))上面的腳本，可使用 python 3.py 直接執行。
腳本執行結果如下：
2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:38] INFO: This is a info. 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:39] WARNING: This is a warning. 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:40] ERROR: This is a error. 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:42] DEBUG: This is a debug. 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:43] CRITICAL: This is a critical 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:46] INFO: now time is 2017-03-02 16:48:43 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:47] INFO: normal type , today is 2017-03-02 , yesterday is 2017-03-01 , tomorrow is 2017-03-03 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:48] INFO: nyr style , today is 20170302 , yesterday is 20170301 , tommrrow is 20170303 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 40001501_20170302.csv 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: proc_cpu_result 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: qaucli_022317-18_15_41.log 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: sfcbHttpSocket 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 1.py 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: sfcbLocalSocket 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 2.txt 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: null 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 3.txt 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 3.py 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: hsperfdata_root 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: updatehbaconf.sh.log 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: proc_cpu_detail.txt 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: python_test_file.log 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :1 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :2 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :3 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :4 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :5 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :6 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :7 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :8 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :9 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :1 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :2 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :3 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :4 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :5 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :6 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :7 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :8 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :9 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :1 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :2 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :3 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :4 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :5 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :6 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :7 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :8 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :9 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :Filesystem . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda2 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :tmpfs . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda1 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda5 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :Filesystem . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda2 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :tmpfs . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda1 . 2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda5 .