1：以root登录，挂载linux iso文件
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
2：检查包是否安装 (软件包源码位于iso下的server目录下)如果没有安装则需要安装:
需要安装的包：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and Asianux 2.0:
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-22.1.EL44
glibc-2.3.4-2.9
glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-22.1
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-22.1
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
setarch-1.6-1
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q compat-db
package compat-db is not installed
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep compat
compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138
avahi-compat-libdns_sd-0.6.16-6.el5
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep binutils
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-12.el5
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm
warning: compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:compat-db ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep control
control-center-2.16.0-16.el5
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep gcc
compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138
libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5
gcc-4.1.2-46.el5
gcc-gfortran-4.1.2-46.el5
gcc-c++-4.1.2-46.el5
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep glibc
glibc-headers-2.5-42
glibc-2.5-42
glibc-common-2.5-42
glibc-devel-2.5-42
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep libstdc
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-46.el5
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138
libstdc++-4.1.2-46.el5
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep make
automake16-1.6.3-8
automake15-1.5-16
automake17-1.7.9-7
make-3.81-3.el5
automake14-1.4p6-13
automake-1.9.6-2.1
imake-1.0.2-3
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep pdksh
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm
warning: pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:pdksh ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep sysstat
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm
warning: sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:sysstat ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -qa |grep setarch
setarch-2.0-1.1
3：vim /etc/hosts 编辑
[root@localhost Server]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.101.200 myhost.us.mycompany.com myhost
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
4：Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users
[root@localhost Server]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost Server]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost Server]# groupadd oper
5：Creating an Oracle Software Owner User
[root@localhost Server]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@localhost Server]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
6：vim /etc/sysctl.conf 添加以下内容：
[root@localhost Server]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
7：vim /etc/security/limits.conf 添加以下内容：
[root@localhost Server]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
8：vim /etc/pam.d/login 添加以下内容：
[root@localhost Server]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
9：vim /etc/profile 添加以下内容：
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
10：
[root@localhost Server]# mkdir /u01
[root@localhost Server]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@localhost Server]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost Server]# chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle
[root@localhost Server]# mkdir /u01/flash_recovery_area
[root@localhost Server]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/flash_recovery_area/
[root@localhost Server]# chmod -R 755 /u01/flash_recovery_area/
11：
[root@localhost Server]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
export ORACLE_SID=teacher
12：env | grep ORA 若无生效，则需 . .bash_profile
[oracle@localhost ~]$ . .bash_profile
[oracle@localhost ~]$ env | grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=teacher
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
13：测试图形界面($)
若不成功则：
exit
#xhost local:oracle（后到VM中测试）
[oracle@localhost ~]$ exit
logout
[root@localhost ~]# xclock
14：换光盘（ora102forlinux）
[root@myhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/
[root@myhost Server]# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm
warning: libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXp ########################################### [100%]
[root@myhost ~]# umount /dev/cdrom
[root@myhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
15：安装 安装时不选择装数据库
[root@myhost ~]# xhost local:oracle
non-network local connections being added to access control list
[root@myhost ~]# xclock
[root@myhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@myhost ~]$ xclock
[oracle@myhost ~]$ /mnt/cdrom/database/runinstaller
16：创建监听器
netca
无法使用时，先配置.bash_profile
17：建库 dbca
密码：dsl123
[oracle@myhost ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 14 22:02:42 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys as sysdba
Enter password: dsl123
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> select * from scott.emp;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800
20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300
30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500
30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975
20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400
30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850
30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450
10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000
20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000
10
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0
30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100
20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950
30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000
20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300
10
14 rows selected.
SQL> conn scott
Enter password: tiger
ERROR:tiger
ORA-28001: the password has expired
Changing password for scott
New password:tiger
Retype new password: tiger
Password changed
Connected.
SQL> show user
USER is "SCOTT"
SQL> select * from scott.emp;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800
20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300
30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500
30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975
20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400
30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850
30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450
10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000
20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000
10
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0
30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100
20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950
30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
DEPTNO
----------
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000
20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300
10
14 rows selected.
用oracle登陆：
[root@myhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@myhost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-MAY-2012 13:43:08
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=myhost.us.mycompany.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-MAY-2012 20:27:43
Uptime 0 days 17 hr. 15 min. 25 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=myhost.us.mycompany.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "teacher.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "teacher", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "teacherXDB.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "teacher", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "teacher_XPT.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "teacher", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@myhost ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue May 15 13:44:22 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys as sysdba
Enter password: dsl123
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> alter user scott account lock; 把用户锁住
User altered.
SQL> conn scott 用用户scott登陆
Enter password: tiger
ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
SQL> show user
USER is "" 用户为空
SQL> conn sys as sysdba
Enter password: dsl123
Connected.
SQL> alter user scott account unlock; 把用户解锁
User altered.
SQL> conn scott
Enter password: tiger
Connected.
管理员登陆页面：
更改密码：
SQL> conn sys as sysdba 必须要用sys登陆更改
Enter password: dsl123
Connected.
SQL> alter user hr identified by hr123;
User altered.
SQL> conn hr
Enter password: hr123
Connected.
SQL>
普通用户登陆页面：
[oracle@myhost ~]$ isqlplusctl start 启动
iSQL*Plus 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
getnameinfo failed
Starting iSQL*Plus ...
iSQL*Plus started.
不用安装ORACLE客户端（不执行*.exe）安装PL/SQL Developer的说明
具体过程：
下载程序包：instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.3-20061115并解压到一个盘下
安装ORACLE客户端客户端的安装很简单，即将下载的Oracle Client Package程序包压缩文件，解压到指定的文件夹即可（例如：F:\实训\数据库\soft）
新建sqlnet.ora和tnsnames.ora文件
在ORACEL客户端安装文件夹下新建sqlnet.ora和tnsnames.ora，并配置相关内容
（F:\实训\数据库\soft\instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.3-20061115\instantclient_10_2）
sqlnet.ora文件内容一般为:
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)
tnsnames.ora文件内容：
[oracle@myhost ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/
[oracle@myhost oracle]$ cd product
[oracle@myhost product]$ ls
10.2.0
[oracle@myhost product]$ cd 10.2.0/
[oracle@myhost 10.2.0]$ cd network
[oracle@myhost network]$ ls
admin doc install jlib lib log mesg tools trace
[oracle@myhost network]$ cd admin
[oracle@myhost admin]$ ls
listener.ora samples shrept.lst tnsnames.ora
[oracle@myhost admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora 查看这个文件并复制到tnsnames.ora文档中
TEACHER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.101.200)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = teacher.com)
)
)
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
配置环境变量
主要设置系统两个变量TNS_ADMIN和NLS_LANG
TNS_ADMIN =F:\实训\数据库\soft\instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.3-20061115\instantclient_10_2
NLS_LANG = SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
安装pl/sql软件
把（ [PLSQL.Developer].PLSQL.Developer.7 ）这个文件解压打开zwt.nfo (其中含有机器码 KF466HV42UACYYEBR82Y6JB4JVNHWH)然后再安装setup.exe需要用到：
选择pl/sql的工具/首选项(tool/ preference/)里的连接,在右面设置Oracle主目录名(即安装目录)和OCI库。
Oracle主目录名: F:\实训\数据库\soft\instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.3-20061115\instantclient_10_2
OCI库: F:\实训\数据库\soft\instantclient-basic-win32-10.2.0.3-20061115\instantclient_10_2\oci.dll
