keepalived

keepalived雙主模式實現nginx高可用及LNAMMP架構

一、利用keepalived實現nginx調度器高可用;

二、構建LNAMMP架構:

1) Nginx既是前端調度器,又是緩存服務器;

2) 將php的session緩存於memcached中;

3) 在Apache和php上部署Discuz論壇程序;

4) 使用https連接,即使用戶使用的是http協議也可以以https協議進行訪問;


一、

實驗規劃:

director1: ip(172.16.1.8),虛擬ip(172.16.1.100)

director2: ip(172.16.1.9),虛擬ip(172.16.1.200)

RS1: rip(172.16.1.3)

RS2: rip(172.16.1.6)

1.首先關閉所有節點上iptables和selinux,同時進行時間同步。

2.在兩個後端RS上分別添加一個網頁

echo "www1.zrs.com" > /var/www/html/index.html

echo "www2.zrs.com" > /var/www/html/index.html

3.兩個director配置

安裝keepalived

yum -y install keepalived

4.安裝nginx

此次用EPEL源的安裝包,也可以編譯安裝

~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

~]# vim nginx.repo

[nginx]

name=nginx repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

~]# yum install -y nginx

5.在nginx.conf配置文件中的http段內添加upstream內容,將後端兩臺RS加入到該upstream中

upstream webservers {

server 172.16.1.3;

server 172.16.1.6;

}

server {

listen 80;

location / {

    proxy_pass http://webservers;

    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

}

}

6.配置keepalived的主配置文件,實現對nginx的雙主模式的高可用:

keepalived的配置文件1:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {br/>root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id drct1
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.200.100.18
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eno16777736
virtual_router_id 81
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass zrs66zrs
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.1.100/32 brd 172.16.1.100 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:0
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP
interface eno16777736
virtual_router_id 80
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass zrs88zrs
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.1.200/32 brd 172.16.1.200 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:1
}
}

keepalived的配置文件2:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

!Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {br/>root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id drct1
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.200.100.18
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eno16777736
virtual_router_id 81
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass zrs66zrs
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.1.200/32 brd 172.16.1.200 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:0
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state MASTER
interface eno16777736
virtual_router_id 80
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass zrs88zrs
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.1.100/32 brd 172.16.1.100 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:1
}
}

7.開啓核心轉發功能

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

查看keepalived狀態

c3ed3a4a25d8acccae25049a84c0d7d0.png

a929f05bf4a0cd2921d740b6e2bd3482.png

測試一下

f32512fcd1689d00569d1629569b9fd2.png

關閉一個後端RS的httpd服務

5804c2c7050f6449899024c65ea9085c.png

重新打開那個httpd服務

62977c9d158ec7f8fe04d36e441d2950.png

客戶端查看,由於是輪詢模式,所以兩個後端RS主機交替訪問,分別查看兩個虛擬ip地址,如下

76a842516604d375ff9df916c0a98d56.png

b9e643330f695e0da34a77d7d05c5743.png

55440fdfc6659cbb1bb6bc2a83d8198b.png

d07f1de7b29cf61261d5ca8f18f8ba73.png

二、

LNAMMP架構:Linux+Nginx+Apache+MySQL+Memcached+PHP

1.在兩個後端RS上創建數據庫

MariaDB [(none)]> create database dzdb;

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on dzdb.*TO 'dzuser'@'172.16.%.%'IDENTIFIED BY'123456';

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

在兩個後端RS上導入Discuz程序包,並解壓,將解壓出來的upload文件包移動到指定目錄,並賦予必要的權限

cp -R ./upload /var/www/html

cd /var/www/html

chown apache:apache -R ./upload

cd upload/

chmod -R 777 config

chmod -R 777 data

chmod -R 777 uc_client

chmod -R 777 uc_server

打開瀏覽器查看

96ff40fbd037067a42b7b2c370af4f90.png

a19484574395d99115c51126f3bfa145.png

2.進行緩存設置,因爲Nginx既是前端調度器,又是緩存服務器,所以選取其中一個調度器172.16.1.9作爲這次的緩存服務器

在172.16.1.9上安裝並開啓服務

yum install -y memcached

systemctl start memcached

在後端兩個RS上安裝php和其連接memcache必要的擴展程序

yum install -y php php-pecl-memcache

修改/etc/php.ini該配置文件中的[Session]段中的緩存路徑爲如下,

session.save_handler = memcache

session.save_handler = "tcp://172.16.1.9:11211"

重載httpd

systemctl reload httpd

配置一個測試頁面,以測試緩存設置是否正常

[root@zj03 upload]# cd /var/www/html

[root@zj03 html]# vim sessstore.php

配置內容如下

<?php

$mem = new Memcache;

$mem->connect("172.16.1.9", 11211) or die("Could not connect");

$version = $mem->getVersion();

echo "Server's version: ".$version."<br/>\n";

$mem->set('hellokey', 'Hello World', 0, 600) or die("Failed to save data at the memcached server");

echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds)<br/>\n";

$get_result = $mem->get('hellokey');

echo "$get_result is from memcached server.";

?>

打開瀏覽器訪問虛擬ip查看

92e8441e7910da8e3f07d2b316113ae7.png

ba0327fceddf713876202c4f114c710e.png

3.設置https協議訪問

後端RS配置虛擬主機及密鑰,安裝https必要的程序包

yum install -y mod_ssl

前端nginx服務器上配置rewrite功能,在server模塊中的location中添加如下

rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;

添加server配置段

server {

listen 443 ssl;

server_name www1.zrs.com;

ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;

ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;

ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

ssl_session_timeout 5m;

ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

location / {

   root   html;

   index index.php index.html index.htm;

}

}

瀏覽器測試

ed09c2e40f77d25cc50a834cb92819e3.png

發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章