用PHP編寫一個APP的API
第一部分,通信接口的實現
標籤(空格分隔): PHP 手機後臺 api 通信接口 Andy
PHP是世界上最強大的語言。
PHP開發手機API時,一般返回XML或JSON數據類型的數據,除了要返回從源數據(程序本身需要的數據)外還應附上狀態碼,以下是一段封裝後的數據,它使用JSON格式展現:
{
code: 200,
message: "Success",
data: [
{
username: "安明哲",
password: "123456",
level: "1",
gold: "0",
id: "6",
create_time: "2015-09-26 08:25:31",
is_active: "1",
is_admin: "0"
},
{
username: "張三",
password: "12345",
level: "1",
gold: "0",
id: "8",
create_time: "0000-00-00 00:00:00",
is_active: "1",
is_admin: "0"
}
]
}
以下是XML格式數據的實例:
<root>
<code>200</code>
<message>Success</message>
<data>
<item id="0">
<username>安明哲</username>
<password>123456</password>
<level>1</level>
<gold>0</gold>
<id>6</id>
<create_time>2015-09-26 08:25:31</create_time>
<is_active>1</is_active>
<is_admin>0</is_admin>
</item>
<item id="1">
<username>張三</username>
<password>12345</password>
<level>1</level>
<gold>0</gold>
<id>8</id>
<create_time>0000-00-00 00:00:00</create_time>
<is_active>1</is_active>
<is_admin>0</is_admin>
</item>
</data>
</root>
此外,爲了方便手機端開發人員的調試,還可直接返回帶數據類型的數據:
array(3) {
["code"]=>
int(200)
["message"]=>
string(7) "Success"
["data"]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
array(8) {
["username"]=>
string(9) "安明哲"
["password"]=>
string(6) "123456"
["level"]=>
string(1) "1"
["gold"]=>
string(1) "0"
["id"]=>
string(1) "6"
["create_time"]=>
string(19) "2015-09-26 08:25:31"
["is_active"]=>
string(1) "1"
["is_admin"]=>
string(1) "0"
}
[1]=>
array(8) {
["username"]=>
string(6) "張三"
["password"]=>
string(5) "12345"
["level"]=>
string(1) "1"
["gold"]=>
string(1) "0"
["id"]=>
string(1) "8"
["create_time"]=>
string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
["is_active"]=>
string(1) "1"
["is_admin"]=>
string(1) "0"
}
}
}
如何實現
當手機客戶端通過API獲取數據時,PHP腳本會Response
一個數組,並對這個數組進行encode
,他們分別是json
,xml
和array
;該數組,定義如下:
$result = [
"code" => 200,
"message" => "數據返回成功",
"data" => ["key"=>"value", "key"=>"value"]
]
其中,code
代表狀態碼,message
代表狀態信息,data
是程序邏輯中需要的數據。
如何去設計
當手機端調用API,程序業務邏輯處理完成之後,需要返回數據,此時需要對通信數據進行封裝,封裝的三種類型由可由REQUEST
裏的format
參數指定,當formart=json
時執行response_json
方法,同理,還有response_xml
和response_array
方法;
爲了方便調用,編寫一個Response
類來封裝數據並完成response
工作:
/*本段代碼沒有經過實際環境測試,也沒有嚴謹的參數檢查*/
class Response{
public static function response_api($code, $message='', $data=array()){
//根據formart返回適當的數據
$type = isset($_REQUEST['format'])?$_REQUEST['format']:'';
switch ($type) {
case 'json':
self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
break;
case 'xml':
self::response_xml($code, $message, $data);
break;
case 'array':
echo var_dump(self::grant_array($code, $message, $data));
break;
default:
self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
break;
}
}
public static function response_json($code, $message='', $data=array()){
//返回JSON數據
$result = self::gramt_array($code,$message,$data);
echo json_encode($result);
exit();
}
public static function response_xml($code, $message='', $data=array()){
//返回XML數據
$result = self::gramt_array($code,$message,$data);
$xml = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>";
$xml .= "<root>";
$xml .= self::xml_encode($result);
$xml .= "</root>"
echo $xml;
exit();
}
private function xml_encode($arr=array()){
//對於XML,需要自己實現一個XML的encode方法
$xml = $attr = '';
foreach($arr as $key=>$value){
if(is_numberic($key)){
$key = 'item';
$attr = " id='{$key}'";
}
$xml .= "<{$key}{$attr}>";
$xml .= (is_array($value))?self::xml_encode($value):$value;
$xml .= "</{$key}>";
}
return $xml;
}
private function grant_array($code, $message='', $data=array()){
//在所有操作之前,需要生成符合API規範的數組
$result = {
"code" => $code,
"message" => $message,
"data" => $data
};
return $result;
}
}
Response類實現了通信接口的數據封裝,可根據response
內指定的format靈活的寫入不同格式的數據到Response。
付:完整代碼及調用實例:
<?php
class Response{
/*
* 封通信接口數據
* @param integer $code 狀態碼
* @param string $message 狀態信息
* @param array $data 數據
* return string
*/
public static function api_response($code, $message='',
$data=array()){
$type = isset($_REQUEST['format'])?$_REQUEST['format']:'';
switch ($type) {
case 'json':
self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
break;
case 'xml':
self::response_xml($code, $message, $data);
break;
case 'array':
echo var_dump(self::grant_array($code, $message, $data));
break;
default:
self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
break;
}
}
/*
* 封裝數爲爲json數據類型
* @param integer $code 狀態碼
* @param string $message 狀態信息
* @param array $data 數據
* return string
*/
public static function json_response($code,
$message='', $data=array()){
$result = self::grant_array($code, $message, $data);
echo json_encode($result);
exit;
}
/*
* 封裝數爲爲xml數據類型
* @param integer $code 狀態碼
* @param string $message 狀態信息
* @param array $data 數據
* return string
*/
public static function xml_response($code,
$message='', $data=array()){
$result = self::grant_array($code, $message, $data);
header("Content-Type:text/xml");
$xml = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>\n";
$xml .= "<root>\n";
$xml .= self::xml_encode($result);
$xml .= "</root>";
echo $xml;
exit();
}
/*
* 將數組轉換爲XML格式
* @param array $array 數組
* return string
*/
private function xml_encode($array=array()){
$xml = $attr = "";
if(!empty($array)){
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
if(is_numeric($key)){
$attr = " id='{$key}'";
$key = "item";
}
$xml .= "<{$key}{$attr}>" ;
$xml .= is_array($value) ? self::xml_encode($value) : $value;
$xml .="</{$key}>\n";
}
}
return $xml;
}
/*
* 按照接口格式生成原數據數組
* @param integer $code 狀態碼
* @param string $message 狀態信息
* @param array $data 數據
* return array
*/
private function grant_array($code, $message='', $data=array()){
if(!is_numeric($code)){
return '';
}
$result = array(
'code' => $code,
'message' => $message,
'data' => $data
);
return $result;
}
}
調用實例:
<?php
require_once "./DataBaseUtil.class.php";
require_once "./Response.class.php";
$connect = DataBaseUtil::getInstance()->connect();
/*
* 首頁接口
* http://domain/hotgirl/callback.php?format=xml/json
*/
$page = isset($_REQUEST['page'])?$_REQUEST['page']:1;
$page_number = isset($_REQUEST['page_number'])?$_REQUEST['page_number']:2;
$lim_start = ($page-1) * $page_number;
$sql = "SELECT * FROM user WHERE is_active=1 LIMIT ".$lim_start.",".$page_number;
$result = mysql_query($sql, $connect);
if($result && mysql_num_rows($result)>0) {
while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) {
$rows[] = $row;
}
}
if(!empty($rows)){
return Response::api_response(200, 'Success', $rows);
}
else{
return Response::api_response(403, 'No result from database');
}
原文地址:https://www.jianshu.com/p/0eca40163fcc