Grafana可視化工具介紹

Grafana是一款可視化工具，大多使用在時序數據的監控方面，如同Kibana類似。Grafana的UI更加靈活，有豐富的插件，功能強大。我們在使用ClickHouse時，可以結合Grafana來監控集羣狀態，生成報表等。

1

Grafana軟件安裝

Grafana支持多種操作系統安裝

Ubuntu & Debian(64 Bit)

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana_6.0.1_amd64.deb sudo dpkg -i grafana_6.0.1_amd64.deb 

Redhat & Centos(64 Bit)

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm sudo yum localinstall grafana-6.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm 

Standalone Linux Binaries(64 Bit)

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gztar -zxvf grafana-6.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

爲了方便，直接使用編譯好的安裝包安裝，環境爲Centos(64 Bit)

grafana-6.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

解壓到指定目錄/data/grafana-6.0.1

-rw-r--r--  1 root root  108 Oct 24 20:09 NOTICE.md-rw-r--r--  1 root root  12K Oct 24 20:09 LICENSE.md-rw-r--r--  1 root root 4.6K Oct 24 20:09 README.md-rw-r--r--  1 root root    5 Oct 24 20:17 VERSIONdrwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4.0K Oct 24 20:17 publicdrwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K Oct 24 20:17 toolsdrwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4.0K Oct 24 20:17 scriptsdrwxr-xr-x  6 root root 4.0K Nov  2 17:27 datadrwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Jan  8 10:03 bindrwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K Mar  7 11:48 conf

配置文件/data/grafana-6.0.1/conf/defaults.ini基本不用修改，如果使用mysql數據庫，需要修改database部分，提前裝好mysql並創建庫和用戶

[database]type = mysqlhost = 1.1.1.1:3358name = grafanauser = grafana_userpassword =grafana_passwdurl =mysql://grafana_user:[email protected]:3358/grafanamax_idle_conn = 2max_open_conn =conn_max_lifetime = 14400log_queries =ssl_mode = disableca_cert_path =client_key_path =client_cert_path =server_cert_name =path = grafana.db

參見官方說明http://docs.grafana.org/installation/configuration/

2

Grafana Server 啓動

/data/grafana-6.0.1/bin/grafana-server start &INFO[03-08|15:51:12] Starting Grafana                         logger=server version=6.0.1 commit=0c44a04 branch=HEAD compiled=2019-03-06T22:21:49+0800INFO[03-08|15:51:12] Config loaded from                       logger=settings file=/data/grafana-6.0.1/conf/defaults.iniINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Path Home                                logger=settings path=/data/grafana-6.0.1INFO[03-08|15:51:12] Path Data                                logger=settings path=/data/grafana-6.0.1/dataINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Path Logs                                logger=settings path=/data/grafana-6.0.1/data/logINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Path Plugins                             logger=settings path=/data/grafana-6.0.1/data/pluginsINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Path Provisioning                        logger=settings path=/data/grafana-6.0.1/conf/provisioningINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Initializing ProvisioningService         logger=serverINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Initializing TracingService              logger=serverINFO[03-08|15:51:12] Initializing Stream Manager INFO[03-08|15:51:12] HTTP Server Listen                       logger=http.server address=0.0.0.0:3000 protocol=http subUrl= socket=

啓動後，我們就可以http://localhost:3000訪問頁面了，如果想通過域名訪問，我們可以安裝nginx做代理。

3

安裝nginx

下載安裝包，這裏只是簡單安裝，並沒有做高可用

wget http://distfiles.macports.org/nginx/nginx-1.15.9.tar.gztar -xvf nginx-1.15.9.tar.gzcd nginx-1.15.9./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 

drwxr-xr-x  2 root   root 4.0K Oct 26 20:57 sbindrwx------  2 nobody root 4.0K Oct 26 20:59 uwsgi_tempdrwx------  2 nobody root 4.0K Oct 26 20:59 scgi_tempdrwx------  2 nobody root 4.0K Oct 26 20:59 fastcgi_tempdrwx------ 12 nobody root 4.0K Oct 29 11:25 proxy_tempdrwxr-xr-x  2 root   root 4.0K Oct 31 19:43 logsdrwxr-xr-x  2 root   root 4.0K Jan  8 13:35 htmldrwxr-xr-x  2 root   root 4.0K Mar  7 11:46 confdrwx------  2 nobody root 4.0K Mar  8 14:31 client_body_temp

修改配置文件vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

gzip  on;upstream learnmysql.com {server 127.0.0.1:3000  weight=10 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ;}server {listen       80;server_name  localhost grafana.learnmysql.com;location / {proxy_next_upstream     http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;proxy_set_header        Host  $host;proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;proxy_pass              http://learnmysql.com;expires                 0;    }error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;    }}

測試配置文件是否正確

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

啓動nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

停止nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

訪問頁面 http://grafana.learnmysql.com

4

玩轉Grafana

1. 配置項說明

Data Source	數據源
Users	用戶
Teams	用戶組
Plugins	插件
Preference	自定義設置
API	接口

1. 添加數據源

選擇數據源類型

配置數據源信息

2. 添加用戶

由於沒有配置郵件服務器，需要手動激活後就可以登錄了

3. 添加用戶組

4.添加插件

5. 添加儀表板

6. 添加格式

7. 頁面展示

 

更多功能，可直接查看官網：http://docs.grafana.org/