C++實現http客戶端連接服務端及客戶端json數據的解析

上一篇鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/hfuu1504011020/article/details/88785448

上一篇中說到Unicode轉utf8格式的過程,其中談及到http以及json數據的解析,json解析其實也沒啥說的,網上一大推,後面大概介紹下使用,本文着重介紹下c++客戶端實現的http連接服務端並返回json數據的過程。

(重點)這裏http的連接以及獲取json數據過程使用的是多字節編碼實現的,直接可以將其轉爲utf8編碼存入mysql中。之前我因爲使用的是Unicode編碼,在本文代碼的基礎上再加入上一篇的編碼轉換也是可以實現Unicode轉utf8格式過程。

我們看下http頭文件所包含的參數以及函數

//////////////////////////////////// HttpClient.h
#ifndef HTTPCLIENT_H
#define HTTPCLIENT_H

#include <afxinet.h>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

#define  IE_AGENT  _T("Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)")

// 操作成功
#define SUCCESS        0
// 操作失敗
#define FAILURE        1
// 操作超時 www.it165.net
#define OUTTIME        2

class CHttpClient
{
public:
	CHttpClient(LPCTSTR strAgent = IE_AGENT);
	virtual ~CHttpClient(void);

	/*static wchar_t* ANSIToUnicode(const char* str);
	static char* UnicodeToANSI(const wchar_t* str);
	static char* UnicodeToUTF8(const wchar_t* str);
    */ //在下面的ExecuteRequest函數中處理了多字節轉utf8的方法,不需要再使用這三個函數,這裏註釋 
      //  的三句轉碼總覺得在使用時有問題,代碼我一併貼出,供大家查找問題

	int HttpGet(LPCTSTR strUrl, LPCTSTR strPostData, string &strResponse);
	int HttpPost(LPCTSTR strUrl, LPCTSTR strPostData, string &strResponse);

private:
	int ExecuteRequest(LPCTSTR strMethod, LPCTSTR strUrl, LPCTSTR strPostData, string &strResponse);
	void Clear();

private:
	CInternetSession *m_pSession;
	CHttpConnection *m_pConnection;
	CHttpFile *m_pFile;
};

#endif // HTTPCLIENT_H

以上是http實現的頭文件,以下爲.cpp中代碼實現過程,內容有點多,若只是使用的話粘貼複製即可

////////////////////////////////// HttpClient.cpp
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "HttpClient.h"
 
#define  BUFFER_SIZE				1024

#define  NORMAL_CONNECT             INTERNET_FLAG_KEEP_CONNECTION
#define  SECURE_CONNECT             NORMAL_CONNECT | INTERNET_FLAG_SECURE
#define  NORMAL_REQUEST             INTERNET_FLAG_RELOAD | INTERNET_FLAG_DONT_CACHE 
#define  SECURE_REQUEST             NORMAL_REQUEST | INTERNET_FLAG_SECURE | INTERNET_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_CN_INVALID
 
CHttpClient::CHttpClient(LPCTSTR strAgent)
{
    m_pSession = new CInternetSession(strAgent);
    m_pConnection = NULL;
    m_pFile = NULL;
}
 
 
CHttpClient::~CHttpClient(void)
{
    Clear();
    if(NULL != m_pSession)
    {
        m_pSession->Close();
        delete m_pSession;
        m_pSession = NULL;
    }
}
 
void CHttpClient::Clear()
{
    if(NULL != m_pFile)
    {
        m_pFile->Close();
        delete m_pFile;
        m_pFile = NULL;
    }
 
    if(NULL != m_pConnection)
    {
        m_pConnection->Close();
        delete m_pConnection;
        m_pConnection = NULL;
    }
}

int CHttpClient::ExecuteRequest(LPCTSTR strMethod, LPCTSTR strUrl, LPCTSTR strPostData, string &strResponse)
{
	DWORD dwFlags;
	DWORD dwStatus = 0;
	DWORD dwStatusLen = sizeof(dwStatus);
	CString strLine;
	CString strServer;
    CString strObject;
    DWORD dwServiceType;
    INTERNET_PORT nPort;
    strResponse = "";

	AfxParseURL(strUrl, dwServiceType, strServer, strObject, nPort);

	try 
	{
		if (dwServiceType == AFX_INET_SERVICE_HTTP)
		{
			m_pConnection = m_pSession->GetHttpConnection(strServer,NORMAL_CONNECT,nPort);
		}
		else
		{
			m_pConnection = m_pSession->GetHttpConnection(strServer, INTERNET_FLAG_SECURE, nPort,
				NULL, NULL);
		}
		if(m_pConnection)
		{
			if (dwServiceType == AFX_INET_SERVICE_HTTP)
			{
				m_pFile = m_pConnection->OpenRequest(strMethod, strObject, 
					NULL, 1, NULL, NULL, NORMAL_REQUEST);
			}
			else
			{
				m_pFile = (CHttpFile*)m_pConnection->OpenRequest(CHttpConnection::HTTP_VERB_POST, strObject, NULL, 1,
					NULL, NULL,
					INTERNET_FLAG_SECURE |
					INTERNET_FLAG_EXISTING_CONNECT |
					INTERNET_FLAG_RELOAD |
					INTERNET_FLAG_NO_CACHE_WRITE |
					INTERNET_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_DATE_INVALID |
					INTERNET_FLAG_IGNORE_CERT_CN_INVALID
					);
				//get web server option
				m_pFile->QueryOption(INTERNET_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS, dwFlags);
				dwFlags |= SECURITY_FLAG_IGNORE_UNKNOWN_CA;
				//set web server option
				m_pFile->SetOption(INTERNET_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS, dwFlags);
			}

			
			m_pFile->AddRequestHeaders("Accept: *,*/*");
			m_pFile->AddRequestHeaders("Accept-Language: zh-cn");
			m_pFile->AddRequestHeaders("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
			m_pFile->AddRequestHeaders("Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate");

			if(m_pFile->SendRequest(NULL, 0, (LPVOID)(LPCTSTR)strPostData, strPostData == NULL ? 0 : _tcslen(strPostData))) 
			{
				//get response status if success, return 200
				if (dwServiceType != AFX_INET_SERVICE_HTTP)
				{
					m_pFile->QueryInfo(HTTP_QUERY_FLAG_NUMBER | HTTP_QUERY_STATUS_CODE,
						&dwStatus, &dwStatusLen, 0);
				}
// 				while(m_pFile->ReadString(strLine)) 
// 				{
// 					//m_strHtml += Convert(strLine, CP_ACP);
// 					m_strHtml += strLine + char(13) + char(10);
// 				}
				char szChars[BUFFER_SIZE + 1] = {0};
				string strRawResponse = "";
				UINT nReaded = 0;
				while ((nReaded = m_pFile->Read((void*)szChars, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0)
				{
					szChars[nReaded] = '\0';
					strRawResponse += szChars;
					memset(szChars, 0, BUFFER_SIZE + 1);
				}
		 
			   int unicodeLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, strRawResponse.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);
				WCHAR *pUnicode = new WCHAR[unicodeLen + 1];
				memset(pUnicode,0,(unicodeLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t));
		 
				MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8,0,strRawResponse.c_str(),-1, pUnicode,unicodeLen);

				DWORD dwNum = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP,NULL,pUnicode,-1,NULL,0,NULL,FALSE);// WideCharToMultiByte的運用
				char *psText; // psText爲char*的臨時數組,作爲賦值給std::string的中間變量
				psText = new char[dwNum];
				WideCharToMultiByte (CP_OEMCP,NULL,pUnicode,-1,psText,dwNum,NULL,FALSE);// WideCharToMultiByte的再次運用
				string szDst = psText;// std::string賦值
				delete []psText;// psText的清除
				strResponse = szDst;
		// 		char *ansi_str = UnicodeToUTF8(pUnicode);
		// 		
		// 		string str  = ansi_str;
		// 		free(ansi_str);
		// 
		//         CString cs(str.c_str());
				delete []pUnicode; 
				pUnicode = NULL;
		//        strResponse = cs;
		 
				Clear();
			} 
			else 
			{
				return FAILURE;
			}
		} 
		else 
		{
			return FAILURE;
		}
	} 
    catch (CInternetException* e)
    {
        Clear();
        DWORD dwErrorCode = e->m_dwError;
        e->Delete();
 
        DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
 
       // PRINT_LOG("dwError = %d", dwError, 0);
 
        if (ERROR_INTERNET_TIMEOUT == dwErrorCode)
        {
            return OUTTIME;
        }
        else
        {
            return FAILURE;
        }
    }
	return SUCCESS;
}
 
int CHttpClient::HttpGet(LPCTSTR strUrl, LPCTSTR strPostData, string &strResponse)
{
    return ExecuteRequest("GET", strUrl, strPostData, strResponse);
}
 
int CHttpClient::HttpPost(LPCTSTR strUrl, LPCTSTR strPostData, string &strResponse)
{
    return ExecuteRequest("POST", strUrl, strPostData, strResponse);
}

wchar_t* CHttpClient::ANSIToUnicode(const char* str)
{
	int textlen;
	wchar_t * result;
	textlen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0);
	result = (wchar_t *)malloc((textlen + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
	memset(result, 0, (textlen + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str, -1, (LPWSTR)result, textlen);
	return result;
}

char* CHttpClient::UnicodeToUTF8(const wchar_t* str)
{
	char* result;
	int textlen;
	textlen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	result = (char *)malloc((textlen + 1) * sizeof(char));
	memset(result, 0, sizeof(char) * (textlen + 1));
	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, result, textlen, NULL, NULL);
	return result;
}

char* CHttpClient::UnicodeToANSI(const wchar_t* str)
{
	char* result;
	int textlen;
	textlen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	result = (char *)malloc((textlen + 1) * sizeof(char));
	memset(result, 0, sizeof(char) * (textlen + 1));
	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, str, -1, result, textlen, NULL, NULL);
	return result;
}

仔細觀察上面所說函數,就可以看到在ExecuteRequest函數中處理了多字節轉爲utf8格式,後面單獨寫了幾種其他轉碼方式,這幾種方式在轉碼時總覺得有問題,詳細介紹大家參考以上內容。

後面說下json數據,這裏我們的http使用的是get請求方式,貼一份我查詢會議的代碼,內容相對全些,後面再介紹。

int CDatabaseManage::QueryMRInBooked( CString roomId,CString data ,HWND hwnd)
{
    TMRBookedInfo   tmrBookedInfo;
	TMRBookedInfoArray  tmrBookedInfoArray;
	tmrBookedInfoArray.clear();
	UINT uiRet  = -1;
	if (m_httpCtrl == NULL)
	{
		m_httpCtrl = new CHttpClient();
	}
	CString strUrl,strPostData ;
	strUrl.Format(_T("http://此處是ip地址:端口號/QueryConferenceRecord?content={\"Conference_Index\":\"%s\",\"RecordTime\":\"%s\"}"),roomId,data);
	string strResponse="";
	uiRet = m_httpCtrl->HttpGet(strUrl,strPostData,strResponse);
	if ((uiRet == SUCCESS) &&(!strResponse.empty()))
	{
		Json::Value root;
		Json::Reader reader;

		if (reader.parse(strResponse,root,false))
		{
		
			if (root.isMember("content"))
			{
				Json::Value jsResult=root["content"];
				if (jsResult.size()==0)
				{
					return 0;
				}
				uiRet = jsResult.size();
				for(int i=0;i<jsResult.size();i++)
				{
					if (jsResult[i].isMember("Index"))
					{
                           tmrBookedInfo.uiIdx = jsResult[i]["Index"].asInt();
					}
					if (jsResult[i].isMember("Subject"))
					{
						tmrBookedInfo.strObj = jsResult[i]["Subject"].asCString();
					}
					if (jsResult[i].isMember("BeginTime"))
					{
						tmrBookedInfo.uiBeginTime = jsResult[i]["BeginTime"].asCString();
					}
					if (jsResult[i].isMember("EndTime"))
					{
						tmrBookedInfo.uiEndTime = jsResult[i]["EndTime"].asCString();
					}
					if (jsResult[i].isMember("UserName"))
					{
						tmrBookedInfo.uiUserName =jsResult[i]["UserName"].asCString();
					}
					tmrBookedInfoArray.push_back(tmrBookedInfo);
				}
				::SendMessage(hwnd,CM_SHOWRECORD,(WPARAM)&tmrBookedInfoArray,0);
			}
		}
		
	}

	return uiRet;
}

    在strUrl中包含了我需要發送到服務端得ip、端口號,以及打包的json數據,後面使用HttpGet請求,此時就可以獲取到服務端響應的json數據,保存在了strResponse中,這些都是在HttpClient.cpp中實現的,後面就是進行解析了,因爲每個人寫法習慣不一樣,這裏我只說下其中的conten是key值,後面的是value,至於定義key的內容,需要你們自己商量,或者你在瞭解下json格式,然後將你解析後數據再發送給所需要的部分就完成了json的解析發送。至此完成所有過程。

    以下鏈接是對上一篇以及這一篇代碼的總體實現,因爲自身使用Unicode編碼轉換的,其中有我詳細使用的http以及json數據的解析,創作不易,有興趣可以看下。

   鏈接:https://download.csdn.net/download/hfuu1504011020/11057233

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