鑑於網上衆多的安裝教程,實際操作過程中遇到不少坑,最主要的是因爲在不能連接外網的服務器進行安裝,特地整理了此文檔,已做分享,有不足之處請可提出,後續繼續修正。
以下是本人親自操作,一步一步記錄下來
Mysql5.16離線安裝
首先到官網下載數據庫安裝包
官網下載地址:
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
下載依賴庫 libaio,libmecab2
http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/liba/libaio/
http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/amd64/libmecab2/download
http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/liba/libaio/libaio1_0.3.110-3_amd64.deb
http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/m/mecab/libmecab2_0.996-1.1_amd64.deb
1、資源準備
將下載好的安裝包,統一放進指定目錄 /opt/tools
mysql-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
libaio1_0.3.110-3_amd64.deb
libmecab2_0.996-1.1_amd64.deb
2、安裝依賴包、解壓mysql安裝包
安裝前最好對源進行一次更新(不能更新就算了)
sudo apt-get update
2.1 安裝依賴包
sudo dpkg -i libaio1_0.3.110-3_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmecab2_0.996-1.1_amd64.deb
2.2 解壓mysql 安裝包
sudo chmod +x mysql-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
tar -xf mysql-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
3、安裝MYSQL服務
通過解壓之後會出現以下的文件列表
libmysqlclient20_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
libmysqld-dev_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-client_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-common_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.changes
mysql-community-client_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-source_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-test_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
mysql-testsuite_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
分別進行安裝,在此需要特別注意安裝順序,負責安裝會出現錯誤
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg-preconfigure mysql-community-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
安裝過程中會彈出界面提示輸入密碼,請記錄好自己的root密碼,如果這裏沒有會在下面提示輸入密碼
繼續...
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient20_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqld-dev_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
-- 此處會提示輸入密碼(如果上面沒提示輸入密碼的化)
--如果安裝這步出現異常,請移步下面解決
sudo dpkg -i mysql-server_5.7.16-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
這時數據安裝完成,並已經自動啓動
安裝中可能存在的問題
安裝mysql-community-server 可能出現如下異常
debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable
Selecting previously unselected package libmecab2.
解決辦法:
執行語句:
fuser -v /var/cache/debconf/config.dat
然後直接kill 掉這個(上面語句查詢出來的)進程號
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
解決辦法:(這個多半是因爲未正常終止某執行語句所致)
執行語句:
sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock
然後繼續安裝即可
E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem. |
解決辦法:
執行語句:
sudo dpkg --configure -a
Mysql 基礎配置
1、配置遠程可以訪問
第一步
設置配置文件 /etc/mysql/my.cnf (注意:mysql5.6以上版本,這個參數在 /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf)
將文件中的bind-address 設置爲如下形式
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
第二步(你想myuser使用mypassword從任何主機連接到mysql服務器的話)
使用mysql客戶端登錄數據(用root賬號)語句如下:
mysql -uroot -p你剛剛設定的管理員密碼 回車
執行以下語句:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
刷新配置,使其生效
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2、設置mysql大小寫敏感
直接打開MySQL的 my.ini文件,一般默認在 /etc/mysql/ 目錄下
在文件的[mysqld] 下面加入
# 設定大小寫敏感配置(0:大小寫敏感;1:大小寫不敏感)
lower_case_table_names=1
--(0:大小寫敏感;1:大小寫不敏感)最後重啓一下MySql服務即可
3、設置默認編碼格式爲UTF-8
直接打開MySQL的 my.ini文件,一般默認在 /etc/mysql/ 目錄下
# my configration
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names=1
配置好後建議重啓mysql服務:
service mysql restart
驗證配置效果:登錄mysql數據庫 mysql -uroot -p你的db密碼,回車,登錄後執行如下語句
show variables like 'character%';
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
得到如上效果,說明配置成功!