Python -- Matplotlib.pyplot快速上手（繪製三維圖 /二維圖）（解決中文亂碼問題）

中文亂碼問題

from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties

myfont = FontProperties(fname='/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc', size=14)
# plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] #用來正常顯示中文標籤
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False #用來正常顯示負號

    plt.plot(x, y_precision_product, '*-', label=u"準確率(%)")
    plt.plot(x, y_precision_susp, 'm--', label=u"(%)")

    plt.ylabel(u"準確率（%）", fontproperties=myfont, fontsize=18)
    plt.xlabel(u"閾值", fontproperties=myfont, fontsize=18)
    plt.title(u"性能與閾值關係", fontproperties=myfont, fontsize=28, color='blue')
    plt.legend(prop=myfont)

繪圖教程鏈接：
python繪製三維圖

二維圖實例

	X = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256, endpoint=True)
    COS = np.cos(X)
    EXP = 1 - np.exp(X - 1)
    COM = 1 - np.exp(COS - 1)

    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20, 7))
    plt.subplot(131)
    plt.plot(X, COS, label='cos(x)', linewidth='3')
    plt.fill_between(X, COS, where=(0 < X) & (X < np.pi), facecolor='#acc2d9')
    # plt.xlim(-np.pi, np.pi)
    # plt.xlabel(u"x")
    # plt.ylabel(u"y")
    plt.xticks(fontsize=16)
    plt.yticks(fontsize=16)
    plt.grid(True, which='major')
    plt.legend(fontsize=14)

    plt.subplot(132)
    plt.plot(X, EXP, label='1 - np.exp(x - 1)', linewidth='3')
    # plt.xlim(-np.pi, np.pi)
    # plt.ylim(-8, 2)
    # plt.xlabel(u"x")
    # plt.ylabel(u"y")
    plt.xticks(fontsize=16)
    plt.yticks(fontsize=16)
    plt.grid(True, which='major')
    plt.legend(fontsize=14)

    plt.subplot(133)
    plt.plot(X, COM, label='1 - np.exp(cos(x) - 1)', linewidth='3')
    plt.fill_between(X, COM, where=(0 < X) & (X < np.pi), facecolor='#acc2d9')
    # plt.xlim(-np.pi, np.pi)
    # plt.xlabel(u"x")
    # plt.ylabel(u"y")
    plt.xticks(fontsize=16)
    plt.yticks(fontsize=16)
    plt.grid(True, which='major')
    plt.legend(fontsize=14)
    plt.show()

顏色表：

三維畫圖實例

	in_file = "trace_data.xls"
    radar_pos_arr = [[80, 0, 0], [30, 60, 0], [55, 110, 0], [105, 110, 0], [130, 60, 0]]
    trace_pos_arr = _read_excel_file(in_file)

    # fig = plt.figure(figsize=(18, 7))
    # ax = fig.add_subplot(131, projection='3d')
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 7))
    # plt.title('Minimize Number of UAV Solution')
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

    X = np.arange(-4, 4, 0.25)
    Y = np.arange(-4, 4, 0.25)
    X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
    R = np.sqrt(X ** 2 + Y ** 2)
    Z = np.sin(R)

    x = [k[0] / 1000 for k in trace_pos_arr]
    y = [k[1] / 1000 for k in trace_pos_arr]
    z = [k[2] / 1000 for k in trace_pos_arr]

    ax.set_xlabel('X (km)')
    ax.set_ylabel('Y (km)')
    ax.set_zlabel('Z (km)')
    # 具體函數方法可用 help(function) 查看，如：help(ax.plot_surface)
    ax.plot(x, y, z, c='g', label='UAV Trajectory')

    x = [k[0] for k in radar_pos_arr]
    y = [k[1] for k in radar_pos_arr]
    z = [k[2] for k in radar_pos_arr]
    # # 遍歷每一個點，使用text將y值顯示
    # for i, j in zip(x, y):
    #     ax.annotate("%d" % (i), xy=(i, j))

    for i, j, k in zip(x, y, z):
        label = '(%d, %d, %d)' % (i, j, k)
        ax.text(i, j, k, label)

    ax.scatter(x, y, z, c='r', label='Radars Position')
    ax.legend()

    plt.show()

例子

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y = [1, 4, 9, 16]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()

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設置折線點的屬性

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# evenly sampled time at 200ms intervals
t = np.arange(0., 5., 0.2)

# red dashes, blue squares and green triangles
plt.plot(t, t, 'r--', t, t**2, 'bs', t, t**3, 'g^-')
plt.show()

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解決中文編碼問題

import matplotlib.font_manager as fm
myfont = fm.FontProperties(fname='C:/Windows/Fonts/msyh.ttc')

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y = [1, 4, 9, 16]

plt.plot(x, y, 'rs-')

plt.xlabel('橫座標軸', fontproperties=myfont, fontsize=30, color='black')
plt.ylabel('縱座標軸', fontproperties=myfont, fontsize=30, color='black')
plt.title("解決中文編碼問題",fontproperties=myfont, fontsize=28, color='black')
		
plt.show()

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在點上面打標籤

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y = [1, 4, 9, 16]

plt.plot(x, y, 'rs-')
for xy in zip(x, y):
    plt.annotate("(%s, %s)" % xy, xy=xy, xytext=(-40, 8), textcoords='offset points')
plt.show()

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多條折線添加標註

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y1 = [1, 4, 9, 16]
y2 = [1, 8, 27, 64]
plt.plot(x, y1, 'rs-', label='two')
plt.plot(x, y2, 'bs-', label='three')

plt.legend(loc='lower right')
plt.show()

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