做一個Django項目（2.4、商品和首頁廣告模塊並對接fastdfs用於保存文件）

創建子應用

goods 商品模塊
```
python ../../manage.py startapp goods
```

contents 首頁廣告模塊

python ../../manage.py startapp contents

模型類創建並遷移

goods模型類

from django.db import models

from md.utils.models import BaseModel
# Create your models here.


class GoodsCategory(BaseModel):
    """
    商品類別
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='名稱')
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='父類別')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_goods_category'
        verbose_name = '商品類別'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class GoodsChannel(BaseModel):
    """
    商品頻道
    """
    group_id = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='組號')
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='頂級商品類別')
    url = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='頻道頁面鏈接')
    sequence = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='組內順序')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_goods_channel'
        verbose_name = '商品頻道'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.category.name


class Brand(BaseModel):
    """
    品牌
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='名稱')
    logo = models.ImageField(verbose_name='Logo圖片')
    first_letter = models.CharField(max_length=1, verbose_name='品牌首字母')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_brand'
        verbose_name = '品牌'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Goods(BaseModel):
    """
    商品SPU
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名稱')
    brand = models.ForeignKey(Brand, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='品牌')
    category1 = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name='cat1_goods', verbose_name='一級類別')
    category2 = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name='cat2_goods', verbose_name='二級類別')
    category3 = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name='cat3_goods', verbose_name='三級類別')
    sales = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='銷量')
    comments = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='評價數')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_goods'
        verbose_name = '商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class GoodsSpecification(BaseModel):
    """
    商品規格
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='商品')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='規格名稱')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_goods_specification'
        verbose_name = '商品規格'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s: %s' % (self.goods.name, self.name)


class SpecificationOption(BaseModel):
    """
    規格選項
    """
    spec = models.ForeignKey(GoodsSpecification, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='規格')
    value = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='選項值')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_specification_option'
        verbose_name = '規格選項'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s - %s' % (self.spec, self.value)


class SKU(BaseModel):
    """
    商品SKU
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名稱')
    caption = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='副標題')
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='商品')
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='從屬類別')
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='單價')
    cost_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='進價')
    market_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='市場價')
    stock = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='庫存')
    sales = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='銷量')
    comments = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='評價數')
    is_launched = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='是否上架銷售')
    default_image_url = models.CharField(max_length=200, default='', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='默認圖片')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_sku'
        verbose_name = '商品SKU'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s: %s' % (self.id, self.name)


class SKUImage(BaseModel):
    """
    SKU圖片
    """
    sku = models.ForeignKey(SKU, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='sku')
    image = models.ImageField(verbose_name='圖片')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_sku_image'
        verbose_name = 'SKU圖片'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s %s' % (self.sku.name, self.id)


class SKUSpecification(BaseModel):
    """
    SKU具體規格
    """
    sku = models.ForeignKey(SKU, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='sku')
    spec = models.ForeignKey(GoodsSpecification, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='規格名稱')
    option = models.ForeignKey(SpecificationOption, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='規格值')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_sku_specification'
        verbose_name = 'SKU規格'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s: %s - %s' % (self.sku, self.spec.name, self.option.value)

contents模型類

from django.db import models

from md.utils.models import BaseModel
# Create your models here.


class ContentCategory(BaseModel):
    """
    廣告內容類別
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名稱')
    key = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='類別鍵名')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_content_category'
        verbose_name = '廣告內容類別'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Content(BaseModel):
    """
    廣告內容
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(ContentCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='類別')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='標題')
    url = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name='內容鏈接')
    image = models.ImageField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='圖片')
    text = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='內容')
    sequence = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='排序')
    status = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='是否展示')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'tb_content'
        verbose_name = '廣告內容'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.category.name + ': ' + self.title

註冊應用

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    """"""
    'contents.apps.ContentsConfig', # 主頁模塊
    'goods.apps.GoodsConfig', # 商品模塊
]

實現遷移

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

對接fastdfs

導入模塊fdfs_client-py github地址

"""
fdfs_client-py 使用源碼安裝直接從 github 下載 

"""

pip install fdfs_client-py-master.zip
pip install mutagen
pip isntall requests

在utils下創建fastdfs目錄(python package)然後添加client.conf配置文件

更改django配置

# FastDFS配置信息
FDFS_CLIENT_CONF = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'utils/fastdfs/client.conf')

更改client.conf配置

# FastDFS客戶端存放日誌文件的目錄
base_path=/home/python/Downloads

# tracker的ip和端口

tracker_server=192.168.1.102:22122

自定義文件存儲系統

在fastdfs創建file_storage.py 實現官方文檔django自定義文件存儲中文翻譯

實現

from django.core.files.storage import Storage
from fdfs_client.client import Fdfs_client
from django.conf import settings


class FastDFSStorage(Storage):
    """自定義文件存儲系統"""

    def __init__(self, client_conf=None, base_url=None):
        """初始化文件存儲對象的構造方法"""
        # if client_conf == None:
        #     self.client_conf = settings.FDFS_CLIENT_CONF

        # 如果client_conf參數爲None,就讀取or後面的值
        self.client_conf = client_conf or settings.FDFS_CLIENT_CONF
        self.base_url = base_url or settings.FDFS_BASE_URL

    def _open(self, name, mode='rb'):
        """
        儲存類用於打開文件:因爲必須實現，但是此處是文件存儲不需要打開文件，所以重寫沒用到，所以pass
        :param name: 要打開的文件的名字
        :param mode: 打開的模式，read bytes
        :return: None
        """
        pass

    def _save(self, name, content):
        """
        實現文件存儲:在這個方法裏面將文件轉存到FastDFS服務器
        :param name: 要存儲的文件的名字
        :param content: 要存儲的文件對象，File類型的對象，將來使用content.read()讀取對象中的文件二進制
        :return: file_id
        """
        # 創建對接fdfs的客戶端對象
        # client = Fdfs_client('md/utils/fastdfs/client.conf')
        # client = Fdfs_client(settings.FDFS_CLIENT_CONF)
        client = Fdfs_client(self.client_conf)

        # 將文件轉存到fdfs
        # ret = client.upload_by_filename('/Users/zhangjie/Desktop/01.jpeg')
        ret = client.upload_by_buffer(content.read())

        # 判斷文件上傳是否成功
        if ret.get('Status') != 'Upload successed.':
            raise Exception('upload file failed')

        # 能夠執行到這裏說明上傳成功
        file_id = ret.get('Remote file_id')
        # 在自定義了文件存儲系統之後，我們只需要返回file_id即可
        # 將來文件存儲系統會"自動的"將file_id存儲到對應的ImageFiled字段中
        # file_id == 'group1/M00/00/00/wKhnhluSuYeAIc39AAC4j90Tziw56.jpeg'
        return file_id

    def exists(self, name):
        """
        判斷文件是否存在，判斷本地是否存儲了該文件,如果存儲了就不會再存儲，如果沒有存儲就調用_save()
        :param name: 要判斷的文件的名字
        :return: True(文件存在) / False(文件不存在)
        """
        return False

    def url(self, name):
        """
        返回文件的絕對路徑的,下載圖片時使用的
        :param name: 是要讀取的文件的名字，name==file_id
        :return: 文件絕對路徑 http://192.168.1.102:8888/group1/M00/00/00/wKhnhluTuniAezl6AAC4j90Tziw02.jpeg
        """
        # return 'http://192.168.1.102:8888/' +  name
        return self.base_url + name


        """
        {
         'Group name': 'group1',
         'Remote file_id': 'group1/M00/00/00/wKhnhluSuYeAIc39AAC4j90Tziw56.jpeg',
         'Status': 'Upload successed.',
         'Local file name': '****/Desktop/01.jpeg',
         'Uploaded size': '46.00KB',
         'Storage IP': '192.168.1.102'
         }
        """

添加配置

# django文件存儲
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'meiduo_mall.utils.fastdfs.file_storage.FastDFSStorage'

# FastDFS配置信息
FDFS_BASE_URL = 'http://192.168.103.132:8888/'
FDFS_CLIENT_CONF = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'utils/fastdfs/client.conf')

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