應用
生成一個8個字符的字母數字密碼
>>> import string
>>> alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
>>> alphabet
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789'
>>> password = "".join(choice(alphabet) for i in range(8))
>>> password
'xV1c31LL'
生成包含至少一個小寫字符、至少一個大寫字符和至少三個數字的10個字符的字母數字密碼
>>> import string
>>> alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
>>> while True:
... password = ''.join(choice(alphabet) for i in range(10))
... if (any(c.islower() for c in password)
... and any(c.isupper() for c in password)
... and sum(c.isdigit() for c in password) >= 3):
... break
...
>>> password
'ZnC262xNrt'
>>>
>>> (c.islower() for c in password)
<generator object <genexpr> at 0x7fc3f9af7728>
>>> [c.islower() for c in password]
[False, True, False, False, False, False, True, False, True, True]
補：any() 與 all() 的用法
any: 至少有一個爲真，那麼結果爲真
all: 所有爲真，結果才爲真
>>> any("")
False
>>> any(" ")
True
>>> any("abc0")
True
>>> any("0")
True
>>> any([0,1])
True
>>> any([0])
False
>>> any([])
False
>>> all("") # 居然爲真，注意了
True
>>> all(" ")
True
>>> all("1231230")
True
>>> all([1,2,0])
False
>>> all([""])
False
>>> all([" "])
True
>>> all([]) # 居然爲真，注意了
True
>>> if d:
... print("true")
...
>>> if all(d):
... print("true")
...
true
常見用法
>>> from random import random, uniform, expovariate, randrange, choice, shuffle, sample
>>> random() # Random float: 0.0 <= x < 1.0
0.793257329955433
>>> uniform(2.5, 10.0) # Random float: 2.5 <= x < 10.0
6.579550961453425
>>> expovariate(1/5) # Interval between arrivals averaging 5 seconds
0.3419791175487244
>>> randrange(10) # Integer from 0 to 9 inclusive
8
>>> randrange(0, 101, 2) # Even integer from 0 to 100 inclusive
50
>>> choice(["win", "lose", "draw"]) # Single random element from a sequence
'lose'
>>> deck = "ace two three four".split()
>>> deck
['ace', 'two', 'three', 'four']
>>> shuffle(deck) # Shuffle a list
>>> deck
['ace', 'four', 'three', 'two']
>>> sample(deck, k=2) # Four samples without replacement
['three', 'four']
>>> deck
['ace', 'four', 'three', 'two']
參考：