本Spring Data系列的內容均是根據 百戰程序員關於Sping Data視頻 編寫而成。
JPA:由sun公司提供的一套對於持久層操作的標準(接口+文檔)
Hibernate:是Gavin King開發的一套對於持久層操作的自動的ORM框架。
Hibernate JPA:是在hibernate3.2版本提供了對於JPA的標準的實現,提供了一套按照JPA標準實現持久層開發的API。
一 hibernate-jpa環境搭建
1.1 創建maven項目(02-spring-data-hibernate-jpa)
1.2 修改pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bjsxt</groupId>
<artifactId>02-spring-data-hibernate-jpa</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring.version>4.3.23.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>5.1.17.Final</hibernate.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
<c3p0.version>0.9.2.1</c3p0.version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.6</lombok.version>
<hibernate-entitymanager.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate-entitymanager.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate-entitymanager.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.3 添加jdbc.properties
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-data-test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT
#jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-data-test 這個保存到數據庫中會導致亂碼
jdbc.driver.class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
1.4 添加applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置讀取properties文件的工具類 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<!-- 配置c3p0數據庫連接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver.class}" />
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<!-- spring整合jpa 配置EntityManagerFactory -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<!-- hibernate相關的屬性注入 -->
<!-- 配置數據庫類型 -->
<property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
<!-- 正向工程自動創建表 -->
<property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
<!-- 顯示執行的sql -->
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
</bean>
</property>
<!-- 配置掃描實體的包 -->
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<value>com.bjsxt.pojo</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置hibernate的事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置開啓註解事務處理 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<!-- 配置springIOC的註解掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
二 Hibernate JPA中的CRUD操作
2.1 添加實體類
package com.bjsxt.pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import lombok.Data;
@Entity
@Table(name="ts_users")
@Data
public class Users implements Serializable{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Long id;
@Column(name="user_name")
private String userName;
@Column(name="age")
private Integer age;
}
2.2 添加UsersDao
package com.bjsxt.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.bjsxt.pojo.Users;
public interface UsersDao {
void insertUsers(Users users);
void updateUsers(Users users);
void deleteUsers(Users users);
Users selectUserById(Long id);
}
2.3 添加UsersDaoImpl
package com.bjsxt.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.bjsxt.dao.UsersDao;
import com.bjsxt.pojo.Users;
@Repository
public class UsersDaoImpl implements UsersDao {
// 會從entityManagerFactory工廠當中取一個entityManager然後注入給我們的屬性
@PersistenceContext(name="entityManagerFactory")
private EntityManager entityManager;
public void insertUsers(Users users) {
this.entityManager.persist(users);
}
public void updateUsers(Users users) {
this.entityManager.merge(users);
}
public void deleteUsers(Users users) {
Users users2 = this.selectUserById(users.getId());
this.entityManager.remove(users2);
}
public Users selectUserById(Long id) {
return this.entityManager.find(Users.class, id);
}
}
2.4 添加UsersDaoImplTest
package com.bjsxt.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.bjsxt.dao.UsersDao;
import com.bjsxt.pojo.Users;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class UsersDaoImplTest {
@Autowired
private UsersDao userDao;
/**
* Hibernate: insert into ts_users (age, user_name) values (?, ?)
*/
@Test
@Transactional
@Rollback(false)
public void testInsertUsers() {
Users users = new Users();
users.setAge(28);
users.setUserName("索羅");
this.userDao.insertUsers(users);
}
/** 執行結果:
Hibernate: select users0_.id as id1_0_0_, users0_.age as age2_0_0_, users0_.user_name as user_nam3_0_0_ from ts_users users0_ where users0_.id=?
Hibernate: update ts_users set age=?, user_name=? where id=?
*/
@Test
@Transactional
@Rollback(false)
public void testUpdateUsers() {
Users users = new Users();
users.setId(6l);
users.setAge(28);
users.setUserName("索羅-二把手");
this.userDao.updateUsers(users);
}
/**
* 執行結果:
Hibernate: select users0_.id as id1_0_0_, users0_.age as age2_0_0_, users0_.user_name as user_nam3_0_0_ from ts_users users0_ where users0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from ts_users where id=?
*/
@Test
@Transactional
@Rollback(false)
public void testDeleteUsers() {
Users users = new Users();
users.setId(8l);
this.userDao.deleteUsers(users);
}
/**
* 執行結果:
Hibernate: select users0_.id as id1_0_0_, users0_.age as age2_0_0_, users0_.user_name as user_nam3_0_0_ from ts_users users0_ where users0_.id=?
Users(id=6, userName=索羅-二把手, age=28)
*/
@Test
public void testSelectUserById() {
Users users = this.userDao.selectUserById(6l);
System.out.println(users);
}
}
三 Hibernate JPA中的HQL
3.1 在UsersDao中添加如下代碼
List<Users> selectUsersByUserName(String userName);
3.2 在UsersDaoImpl添加如下代碼
public List<Users> selectUsersByUserName(String userName) {
Query query = this.entityManager.createQuery("from Users where userName=:userName");
query.setParameter("userName", userName);
return query.getResultList();
}
3.3 在測試類中添加如下代碼
/**
* 執行結果:
Hibernate: select users0_.id as id1_0_, users0_.age as age2_0_, users0_.user_name as user_nam3_0_ from ts_users users0_ where users0_.user_name=?
[Users(id=6, userName=索羅-二把手, age=28)]
*/
@Test
@Transactional
public void testSelectUsersByUserName() {
List<Users> list = this.userDao.selectUsersByUserName("索羅-二把手");
System.out.println(list);
}
四 Hibernate JPA中的SQL語句
4.1 在UsersDao中添加如下代碼
List<Users> selectUsersByUserNameSQL(String userName);
4.2 在UsersDaoImpl中添加如下代碼
public List<Users> selectUsersByUserNameSQL(String userName) {
Query query = this.entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from ts_users where user_name=?", Users.class);
// 注意,在Hibernate JPA中如果通過?方式來綁定參數,那麼它的參數是從1開始的,而Hibernate中是從0開始的
query.setParameter(1, userName);
return query.getResultList();
}
4.3 在測試類中添加如下代碼
/**
* 執行結果:
Hibernate: select * from ts_users where user_name=?
[Users(id=6, userName=索羅-二把手, age=28)]
*/
@Test
@Transactional
public void testSelectUsersByUserNameSQL() {
List<Users> list = this.userDao.selectUsersByUserNameSQL("索羅-二把手");
System.out.println(list);
}
五 Hibernate JPA中的Criteria操作(QBC查詢)
5.1 在UsersDao中添加如下代碼
List<Users> selectUsersByUserNameQBC(String userName);
5.2 在UsersDaoImpl中添加如下代碼
public List<Users> selectUsersByUserNameQBC(String userName) {
// CriteriaBuilder對象, 創建一個CriteriaQuery,創建查詢對象
CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder = this.entityManager.getCriteriaBuilder();
// CriteriaQuery對象,執行查詢的Criteria對象
CriteriaQuery<Users> query = criteriaBuilder.createQuery(Users.class);
// 獲取要查詢的實體類的對象
Root<Users> root = query.from(Users.class);
// 封裝查詢條件
Predicate predicate = criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("userName"), userName);
query.where(predicate);
// 執行查詢
TypedQuery<Users> typedQuery = this.entityManager.createQuery(query);
return typedQuery.getResultList();
}
5.3 在測試類中添加如下代碼
/**
* 執行結果:
Hibernate: select users0_.id as id1_0_, users0_.age as age2_0_, users0_.user_name as user_nam3_0_ from ts_users users0_ where users0_.user_name=?
[Users(id=6, userName=索羅-二把手, age=28)]
*/
@Test
@Transactional
public void testSelectUsersByUserNameQBC() {
List<Users> list = this.userDao.selectUsersByUserNameQBC("索羅-二把手");
System.out.println(list);
}