安裝環境
主機操作系統：windows 10
虛擬機VMware15
虛擬：OSCentOS-7.6
安裝步驟：
一、添加Zabbix存儲庫
1.安裝存儲庫配置包
`#rpm -ivh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-4.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm```
2.在將運行Zabbix前端的系統中啓用可選rpms的存儲庫
#yum-config-manager --enable rhel-7-server-optional-rpms
3.安裝支持MySQL的Zabbix服務
#yum install zabbix-server-mysql
4.安裝支持MySQL的Zabbix前端
#yum install zabbix-web-mysql
二、安裝MySQL5.7數據庫（沒有特別說明均在root用戶下）
1.卸載mariadb包
rpm -qa |grep mariadb #查看當前安裝的mariadb的包
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 #卸載mariadb的包
2.下載並解壓MySQL源碼包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz #從官網下載源碼包
這裏系統沒有安裝wget 可以用 yum 直接安裝 yum install -y wget*
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz #解壓源碼包
mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
3.創建MySQL用戶並對MySQL文件進行授權
groupadd mysql --創建mysql用戶組組
useradd -r -g mysql mysql --創建mysql用戶並添加到mysql用戶組中
chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/ --將mysql目錄訪問權限賦爲myql用戶
4.創建MySQL配置文件
cat >>/etc/my.cnf <<EOF #寫入配置文件
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#不區分大小寫
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
max_connections=5000
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
EOF
5.初始化數據庫
touch /var/log/mysqld.log #創建日誌文件並授權
chmod 777 /var/log/mysqld.log
chown mysql.mysql mysqld.log
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
6.查看初始化密碼（mysql從5.7版本起不再支持簡單密碼，可以在實例初始化中看到密碼）
cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep root@localhost
7.執行如下操作開啓MySQL服務，並設置相應權限
mkdir /var/run/mysqld
touch /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
chmod -R 777 /var/run/mysqld
chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start #啓動MySQL，提示缺失lib庫，這裏需要在文件/etc/ld.so.conf中添加一行/usr/lib64/mysql/
8.修改MySQL密碼（修改後重新啓動數據庫才能生效！）
vim /etc/my.cnf #修改配置文件
skip-grant-tables #跳過密碼認證
default_password_lifetime=360 #修改密碼超時時間
不然修改密碼之後密碼會過期，會提示讓你重新設置密碼
You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p #登錄MySQL（密碼用剛剛從日誌獲取的密碼）
mysql> use mysql #切換MySql數據庫
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string =password('root'), host = '%' where user = 'root'; #修改MySQL密碼
mysql> flush privileges;
9.將MySQL加入環境變量
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile #將MySQL二進制文件加入環境變量
ln -s usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /usr/local/mysql/bin/ 將MySQL的啓動文件軟連接到MySQL的環境變量中
10.進入數據庫並創建zabbix數據庫以及創建授權用戶
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix. to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix'；
mysql> flush privileges;
11.編輯zabbix-server配置文件，修改以下參數爲創建數據庫時的信息，並重啓zabbix-server
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBName=zabbix
DBHost=localhost
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
創建pid文件（要與上文的配置文件路徑一致）
touch /var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
chmod 777 /var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
啓動zabbix-server
systemctl enable zabbix-server
systemctl start zabbix-server
12.將初始數據導入MySQL中
zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix
三、安裝Nginx
1.關掉防火牆和selinux
firewall-cmd --state
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disable/g' /etc/selinux/config
2.安裝依賴
yum -y install wget vim lsof lrzsz pcre-devel zlib-devel make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mcrypt mhash net-snmp-devel
yum -y install gcc bison bison-devel openssl-devel readline-devel libedit-devel sqlite-devel freetype freetype-devel libevent-devel mysql-devel
3.配置Nginx的yum倉庫
cat >>/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo <<EOF
[nginx]
name=nginx.repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/X86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
skip_if_unavailable = 1
keepcache = 0
EOF
4.安裝並啓動Nginx
yum install nginx -y
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
四、安裝PHP
1.添加PHP用戶
useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
2.安裝PHP依賴庫
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
3.編譯安裝php
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-7.2.6.tar.gz
tar zxvf php-7.2.6.tar.gz
cd php-7.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext
make && make install
echo $? #每執行完上條命令就運行一下，如果返回0，則執行成功
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
4.更改PHP配置文件
sed -i 's/post_max_size = 8M/post_max_size = 32M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/upload_max_filesize = 2M/upload_max_filesize = 50M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/;date.timezone =/date.timezone =PRC/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/max_execution_time = 30/max_execution_time = 600/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/max_input_time = 60/max_input_time = 600/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/memory_limit = 128M/memory_limit = 256M/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/; max_input_vars = 1000/max_input_vars = 10000/g' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
5.啓動php-fpm
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini -y /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
五、安裝zabbix-agent
yum install zabbix-agent
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix-agentd.conf
Server和ServerActive分別代表zabbix的被動模式和主動模式，這裏都填server端的IP
最後一行是開啓腳本採集數據
六、安裝zabbix-web
1.將zabbix的php源文件拷貝到網站目錄上
cp -r /usr/share/zabbix/. /usr/share/nginx/html/
2.修改nginx配置
egrep -v '(^.#|^$)' /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.149.128; (本機IP)
access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
location ~ .php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
3.授予zabbix-web目錄權限並重啓nginx
chmod -R 777 /etc/zabbix/web.
chmod -R 777 /usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix
systemctl restart nginx
4.在瀏覽器上訪問192.168.149.129/setup.php開始安裝zabbix-web(默認密碼 Admin/zabbix)
歡迎界面
環境檢查
數據庫配置
服務器細節
安裝總覽
完成安裝
登陸後界面
七、添加sqlserver模板（傳送門 https://share.zabbix.com/databases/microsoft-sql-server/template-ms-sql-2012）
導入模板：
修改配置文件，在zabbix客戶端的配置文件追加內容：
UserParameter=sqldatabasename.discovery,powershell -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File E:\Program Files\Zabbix Agent\scripts\SQLBaseName_To_Zabbix.ps1
路徑就是你腳本放置的地方
八、配置郵件告警
參考文檔
https://blog.51cto.com/183530300/2089051
九、問題處理
Windows 客戶端總是報無法報監控丟失，解決方案：在客戶端的配置文件配置項Server添加本機IP