四 Spring整合SpringDataJpa

本Spring Data系列的內容均是根據 百戰程序員關於Sping Data視頻 編寫而成。

Spring Data JPA：是Spring Data項目下的一個模塊。提供了一套基於JPA標準操作數據庫的簡化方案。底層默認的是依賴Hibernate JPA來實現的。

Spring Data JPA的技術特點：我們只需要定義接口並集成Spring Data JPA中所提供的接口就可以了，不需要編寫接口實現類。

一 創建Spring Data JPA項目

1.1 創建maven項目（03-spring-data-jpa）

1.2 編輯pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.bjsxt</groupId>
	<artifactId>03-spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring.version>4.3.23.RELEASE</spring.version>
		<hibernate.version>5.1.17.Final</hibernate.version>
		<mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
		<c3p0.version>0.9.2.1</c3p0.version>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<lombok.version>1.18.6</lombok.version>
		<hibernate-entitymanager.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate-entitymanager.version>
		<spring-data-jpa.version>2.1.6.RELEASE</spring-data-jpa.version>
		<slf4j-log4j12.version>1.7.26</slf4j-log4j12.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
			<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
			<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>${junit.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<version>${lombok.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate-entitymanager.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
			<version>${spring-data-jpa.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j-log4j12.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

1.3 修改配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.11.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

	<!-- 配置讀取properties文件的工具類 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

	<!-- 配置c3p0數據庫連接池 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver.class}" />
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
	</bean>

	<!-- spring整合jpa 配置EntityManagerFactory -->
	<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
				<!-- hibernate相關的屬性注入 -->
				<!-- 配置數據庫類型 -->
				<property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
				<!-- 正向工程自動創建表 -->
				<property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
				<!-- 顯示執行的sql -->
				<property name="showSql" value="true" />
			</bean>
		</property>
		
		<!-- 配置掃描實體的包 -->
		<property name="packagesToScan">
			<list>
				<value>com.bjsxt.pojo</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置hibernate的事務管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
		<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置開啓註解事務處理 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

	<!-- 配置springIOC的註解掃描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- Spring Data JPA的配置 base-package掃描dao接口所在的包 -->
	<jpa:repositories base-package="com.bjsxt.dao"></jpa:repositories>
</beans>

1.4 編寫dao

package com.bjsxt.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.bjsxt.pojo.Users;

public interface UsersDao extends JpaRepository<Users, Long> {
	
}

1.5 編寫測試類

package com.bjsxt.dao.impl;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.bjsxt.dao.UsersDao;
import com.bjsxt.pojo.Users;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class UsersDaoImplTest {
	
	@Autowired
	private UsersDao userDao;

	/**
	 * Hibernate: insert into ts_users (age, user_name) values (?, ?)
	 */
	@Test
	@Transactional
	@Rollback(false)
	public void testInsertUsers() {
		Users users = new Users();
		users.setAge(27);
		users.setUserName("烏索普");
		this.userDao.save(users);
	}
}