1.開閉重音節
開閉,音節是發音中很重要的一部分,此處做簡要整理, 適用於開閉音節重讀的情況
元音 |
開閉音節 |
讀音 |
示例 |
a |
開音節 |
[ei] |
name jane baby cake |
|
閉音節 |
[æ] |
bag hat map black |
e |
開音節 |
[i:] |
he these me chinese |
|
閉音節 |
[e] |
bed let des egg |
i/y |
開音節 |
[ai] |
bike fly drive nice |
|
閉音節 |
[I] |
fish big milk drink |
o |
開音節 |
[əu] |
those close go no |
|
閉音節 |
[ɔ] |
clock box shop sock |
u |
開音節 |
[ju:] |
student excuse duty cuty |
|
閉音節 |
[ʌ] |
bus cup much lunch |
-
附註: 在開音節中,元音字母u在輔音字母j,l,r,s後面時念/u:/,如: june,blue,ruler,super
2.特殊讀音
1.對元音 a
# want,what,watch,wash,quality
-
在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,th,lm前/α:/
after,plant,ask,grasp,glass,fast,father
2.對元音 i
# find,child,light,high
3.對元音 o
# most,postcard,old,cold
# come,monkey,love,mother
3.r音節(-r音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音)
1.對 ar
-
發/α:/音, 示例如: car,farm,dark,sharpener
-
在/w/音後面/ɔ:/, 示例如: warm,quarter,towards
2.對 or
-
發/ɔ:/音, 示例如: forty morning short
-
發/ɜ:/音, 示例如: word worker worse
3.對 er,ir,ur
- 一般發/ɜ:/音, 示例如: certainly bird Thursday
附註:
- 輔音字母r雙寫時,前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音
例如:carry,sorry,hurry
例如:dollar,teacher,martyr,forget,Saturday。
4.元音字組
元音字組在重讀音節中發音的總結如下:
元音組 |
發音 |
示例 |
ai ay |
/ei/ |
afraid rain wait day play |
air |
/eə/ |
air hair chair pair repair |
al |
在l, k 前 /ɔ:/ |
small ball talk all |
|
在f, m前 /a:/ |
half calm |
|
/ɔ:l/ |
always also salt almost |
au aw |
/ɔ:/ |
autumn daughter draw |
ea |
開音節或閉音節發/i:/ |
teach easy cheap please |
|
閉音節發/e/ |
heavy bread sweater weather |
|
特殊音節/eɪ/ |
break great |
ee |
/i:/ |
jeep week green three |
eu ew |
/ju:/ |
new few newspaper |
|
在j,l,r,s後/u:/ brew jewelry jewel |
|
oa |
/əʊ/ |
coat Joan boat goal |
oar oor |
/ɔ:/ |
roar board door floor |
5.非重讀音節
1.元音字母
元音字母 |
發音 |
示例 |
a |
一般念/ə/ |
China,another,woman,breakfast |
|
開音節念/eɪ/音 |
operate |
e |
/ə/ |
hundred, student, open, weekend, chicken |
i |
多發/ə/,不絕對 |
holiday, beautiful, family, animal |
o |
多發/ə/,不絕對 |
second, tonight, somebody, welcome |
u |
常發/ə/ |
autumn, difficult |
|
開音節且在j,l,r,s後發/ʊ/或/u:/音 |
July, influence, February, issue |
2.元音字組
元音字組 |
發音 |
示例 |
ai,ay,ei,ey |
/ɪ/ |
foreign,monkey |
ow |
/əʊ/ |
yellow, sparrow, tomorrow |
其他 |
常讀/ə/音或/ɪ/音 |
serious, famous, biscuit, coffee, neighbour |