JAVAFX界面跳轉和加載不同的界面

主要分爲兩種情況

從一個界面跳轉到另外一個新的界面

在原有界面上加載其他頁面。類似iframe

先從第一個情況的實現說起。

頁面跳轉

1. 創建一個登錄界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.geometry.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<AnchorPane fx:id="login" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="app.view.login.LoginController">
	<children>
		<BorderPane prefHeight="20.0" prefWidth="600.0" />
		<Label layoutX="99.0" layoutY="96.0" text="用戶名：" />
		<Label layoutX="99.0" layoutY="146.0" text="密  碼：" />
		<TextField fx:id="login_username" layoutX="174.0" layoutY="91.0" promptText="用戶名" />
		<TextField fx:id="login_password" layoutX="174.0" layoutY="141.0" promptText="8位密碼" />
		<Button fx:id="login_button" layoutX="140.0" layoutY="206.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#loginButtonClick" text="登  錄" />
	</children>
</AnchorPane>

2. 創建登錄頁面對應的組件實現

package app.view.login;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import app.alterview.ViewAlter;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;

public class LoginController extends LoginView implements Initializable {
	private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(LoginController.class.getName());
	private ViewAlter viewAlter;
	
	@FXML
	private Button login_button;
	
	@FXML
	private TextField login_username;

	@FXML
	private TextField login_password;
	
	public void loginButtonClick() {
		logger.log(Level.INFO, "輸入用戶名爲：" + login_username.getText());
		logger.log(Level.INFO, "輸入密    碼爲：" + login_password.getText());
		if("nikolazhang".equalsIgnoreCase(login_username.getText())
				&& "123654".equalsIgnoreCase(login_password.getText())) {
			logger.log(Level.INFO, "登錄成功！");
			viewAlter.gotoMain();
		} else {
			logger.log(Level.WARNING, "用戶名或密碼錯誤！");			
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
	}

	public void setApp(ViewAlter viewAlter) {
		this.viewAlter = viewAlter;
	}
}

3. 創建一個主頁面

登錄進去之後顯示該界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.web.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.*?>
<?import javafx.geometry.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<AnchorPane fx:id="main" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="app.view.main.MainController">
	<children>
      <BorderPane prefHeight="640.0" prefWidth="590.0">
         <top>
            <Text strokeType="OUTSIDE" strokeWidth="0.0" text="歡迎進入系統" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER_LEFT" />
         </top>
         <left>
            <TreeView fx:id="main_treeview" onMouseClicked="#mainTreeViewClick" prefHeight="360.0" prefWidth="126.0" BorderPane.alignment="TOP_LEFT" />
         </left>
         <center>
            <ScrollPane prefHeight="600.0" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
               <content>
                  <AnchorPane fx:id="main_pane_under_scroll" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="593.0" prefWidth="480.0" />
               </content>
            </ScrollPane>
         </center>
         <bottom>
            <Text strokeType="OUTSIDE" strokeWidth="0.0" text="this system is created by NikolaZhang!" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER" />
         </bottom>
      </BorderPane>
	</children>
</AnchorPane>

4. 創建ViewAlter類用於跳轉頁面

package app.alterview;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import app.resource.StaticResourcesConfig;
import app.view.login.LoginController;
import app.view.main.MainController;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.fxml.JavaFXBuilderFactory;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class ViewAlter extends Application {

	private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ViewAlter.class.getName());
	private Stage stage;

	@Override
	public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
		stage = primaryStage;
		stage.setTitle("XXXX系統");
		gotoLogin();
		stage.show();

	}

	/**
	 * 跳轉到登錄界面
	 */
	public void gotoLogin() {
		try {
			LoginController login = (LoginController) replaceSceneContent(StaticResourcesConfig.LOGIN_VIEW_PATH);
			login.setApp(this);
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			logger.log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 跳轉到主界面
	 */
	public void gotoMain() {
		try {
			MainController main = (MainController) replaceSceneContent(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_VIEW_PATH);
			main.setApp(this);
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			logger.log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 替換場景
	 * @param fxml
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private Initializable replaceSceneContent(String fxml) throws Exception {

		FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
		InputStream in = ViewAlter.class.getResourceAsStream(fxml);
		loader.setBuilderFactory(new JavaFXBuilderFactory());
		loader.setLocation(ViewAlter.class.getResource(fxml));
		try {
			AnchorPane page = (AnchorPane) loader.load(in);
			Scene scene = new Scene(page, StaticResourcesConfig.STAGE_WIDTH, StaticResourcesConfig.STAGE_HEIGHT);
			stage.setScene(scene);
			stage.sizeToScene();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "頁面加載異常！");
		} finally {
			in.close();
		}
		return (Initializable) loader.getController();
	}

	
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		launch(args);
	}

}

這個類是應用的啓動類。頁面跳轉主要使用了自定義的replaceSceneContent方法，該方法的輸入參數爲界面的fxml的路徑。
應用啓動後，執行start方法初始加載登錄界面。點擊登錄按鈕，調用LoginController 的loginButtonClick方法，進行登錄驗證。驗證通過調用gotoMain方法，頁面跳轉到主界面。

同一個佈局中加載不同的界面

這裏主要是實現了主界面中的TreeView。主界面的控制組件實現如下：

package app.view.main;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import app.alterview.ViewAlter;
import app.resource.StaticResourcesConfig;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.Node;
import javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane;
import javafx.scene.control.TreeItem;
import javafx.scene.control.TreeView;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;

public class MainController implements Initializable {
	private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(MainController.class.getName());
	private ViewAlter viewAlter;

	@FXML
	private TreeView<String> main_treeview;

	@FXML
	private ScrollPane main_scroll_pane;

	@FXML
	private AnchorPane main_pane_under_scroll;

	public void setApp(ViewAlter viewAlter) {
		this.viewAlter = viewAlter;
	}

	@Override
	public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
		setTreeView();
	}

	/**
	 * 設置TreeView
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public void setTreeView() {
		TreeItem<String> root = new TreeItem<String>(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER);
		root.setExpanded(true);
		root.getChildren().addAll(new TreeItem<String>(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM1),
				new TreeItem<String>(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM2),
				new TreeItem<String>(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM3),
				new TreeItem<String>(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM4),
				new TreeItem<String>(StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM5));
		main_treeview.setRoot(root);

	}

	/**
	 * TreeView 點擊事件
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	public void mainTreeViewClick() throws IOException {
		logger.log(Level.INFO, "點擊TreeView");
		// 獲取鼠標當前點擊的Item
		TreeItem<String> selectedItem = main_treeview.getSelectionModel().getSelectedItem();
		logger.log(Level.INFO, selectedItem.getValue());

		String pagePath = "";
		switch (selectedItem.getValue()) {
		case StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER:
			pagePath = StaticResourcesConfig.DEFAULT_VIEW_PATH;
			break;
		case StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM1:
			pagePath = StaticResourcesConfig.NOTE_VIEW_PATH;
			break;
		case StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM2:
			pagePath = StaticResourcesConfig.CLIP_VIEW_PATH;
			break;
		case StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM3:
			pagePath = StaticResourcesConfig.USER_VIEW_PATH;
			break;
		case StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM4:
			pagePath = StaticResourcesConfig.DATA_VIEW_PATH;
			break;
		case StaticResourcesConfig.MAIN_TREE_HEADER_ITEM5:
			pagePath = StaticResourcesConfig.LANGUAGE_VIEW_PATH;
			break;
		}
		
		skipView(pagePath);
	}

	/**
	 * 改變右側scroll的界面
	 * @param pagePath
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private void skipView(String pagePath) throws IOException {
		logger.info("顯示剪切板界面");
		ObservableList<Node> scrolChildren = main_pane_under_scroll.getChildren();
		scrolChildren.clear();
		scrolChildren.add(FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource(pagePath)));
	}

}

main_treeview.getSelectionModel().getSelectedItem();獲取鼠標點擊的是哪個項目。根據點擊加載不同的界面。加載界面時調用的方法爲skipView，該方法首先清空之前佈局中存在的元素，並通過FXMLLoader重新加載我們需要的頁面。
效果如下：

JAVAFX界面跳轉和加載不同的界面

頁面跳轉

1. 創建一個登錄界面

2. 創建登錄頁面對應的組件實現

3. 創建一個主頁面

4. 創建ViewAlter類用於跳轉頁面

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