linux安裝mysql

原創

Jian_Shen_Zero

2019-06-25 20:18

到mysql官網下載mysql編譯好的二進制安裝包，在下載頁面Select Platform:選項選擇linux-generic，然後把頁面拉到底部，64位系統下載Linux - Generic (glibc 2.5) (x86, 64-bit)，32位系統下載Linux - Generic (glibc 2.5) (x86, 32-bit)
解壓32位安裝包:

進入安裝包所在目錄，執行命令：tar mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz
複製解壓後的mysql目錄到系統的本地軟件目錄:

執行命令：cp mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-i686 /usr/local/mysql -r

注意：目錄結尾不要加/
添加系統mysql組和mysql用戶：

執行命令：groupadd mysql和useradd -r -g mysql mysql
安裝數據庫：

進入安裝mysql軟件目錄：執行命令 cd /usr/local/mysql

修改當前目錄擁有者爲mysql用戶：執行命令 chown -R mysql:mysql ./

安裝數據庫：執行命令 ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
報錯：Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or director

解決辦法：https://blog.csdn.net/u013168253/article/details/80221565
修改當前目錄擁有者爲root用戶：執行命令 chown -R root:root ./
修改當前data目錄擁有者爲mysql用戶：執行命令 chown -R mysql:mysql data

到此數據庫安裝完畢
啓動mysql服務和添加開機啓動mysql服務：

添加開機啓動：執行命令cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql，把啓動腳本放到開機初始化目錄

啓動mysql服務：執行命令service mysql start
報錯：

錯誤信息：
Starting MySQL.touch: cannot touch ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
chmod: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
touch: cannot touch ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
chown: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 129: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 166: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory
touch: cannot touch ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
chown: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
chmod: cannot access ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log‘: No such file or directory
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 129: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).

解決方法：
1 mkdir /var/log/mariadb
2 chmod 700 /var/log/mariadb

執行命令：ps -ef|grep mysql 看到mysql服務說明啓動成功，如圖
修改mysql的root用戶密碼，root初始密碼爲空的：

執行命令：./bin/mysqladmin -u root password '密碼'
報錯：Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock’ (2)
解決辦法：

查看/tmp文件夾的確沒有mysql.sock文件，

通過find命令查找

[root@localhost /]# find / -name mysql.sock
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

原來安裝到/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock這個位置啦，我們需要修改my.cnf文件

[root@localhost /]# vi /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

[client]
character-set-server = utf8
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 設置軟連接：ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
把mysql客戶端放到默認路徑：

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/mysql

注意：建議使用軟鏈過去，不要直接包文件複製，便於系統安裝多個版本的mysql