一、環境準備
centos7.6最小化安裝
https://downloads.mariadb.org 官網下載地址
二、安裝
1、準備安裝包
[root@localhost ~]#ls anaconda-ks.cfg mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64.tar.gz original-ks.cfg [root@localhost ~]#tar xf mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ #官網提供的二進制包編譯的路徑是/usr/local，所以此處不可修改
2、準備用戶、數據目錄，可以考慮使用邏輯卷
[root@localhost ~]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql mysql [root@localhost ~]#mkdir /data/mysql [root@localhost ~]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql [root@localhost ~]#cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]#ln -s mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64/ mysql [root@localhost local]#chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/
4、準備配置文件
[root@localhost local]#mkdir /etc/mysql [root@localhost local]#cp mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64/support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf [root@localhost local]#vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf #添加數據目錄的路徑
5、初始化
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql [root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#yum install libaio #安裝時有個報錯安裝該包即可
5、準備服務腳本，並啓動服務，安全初始化
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#chkconfig --list mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation 分別設置：數據庫管理員root口令 禁止root遠程登錄 刪除anonymous用戶帳號 刪除test數據庫
6、配置環境變量
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/mariadb10.2.sh
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#. /etc/profile.d/mariadb10.2.sh
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
三、實現多實例
1、建立實例目錄結構
mkdir -pv /www/mysql/{3306,3307,3308}/{data,etc,socket,bin,log,pid}
chown -R mysql.mysql /www/mysql/
2、分別爲3個MariaDB實例創建初始化數據
cd /usr/local/mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64/ ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/www/mysql/3306/data/ --user=mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/www/mysql/3307/data/ --user=mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/www/mysql/3308/data/ --user=mysql
3、準備配置文件
cp /etc/my.cnf /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf vi /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf
cp /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf /www/mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf sed -i 's/3306/3307/' /www/mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf cp /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf /www/mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf sed -i 's/3306/3308/' /www/mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf
到此已經可以使用
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/www/mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null & #啓動服務 mysql -S /www/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock #啓動服務後連接 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /www/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock shutdown #關閉服務
只是每次啓動停止服務都要輸入很長的命令，可以編寫一個腳本來實現管理
vi /www/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld
#!/bin/bash
port=3306
mysql_user="root"
#mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/usr/local/mysql/bin"
mysql_basedir="/www/mysql"
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"
. /etc/init.d/functions
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...`action`\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
fi
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
esaccp /www/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld /www/mysql/3307/bin/
sed -i 's/3306/3307/' /www/mysql/3307/bin/mysqld
cp /www/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld /www/mysql/3308/bin/
sed -i 's/3306/3308/' /www/mysql/3308/bin/mysqld
啓動服務成功監聽
也可以將腳本放在/etc/init.d/用service命令來管理
cp /www/mysql/3307/bin/mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld3307
這樣看起來跟系統服務一樣！