一、环境准备
centos7.6最小化安装
https://downloads.mariadb.org 官网下载地址
二、安装
1、准备安装包
[root@localhost ~]#ls anaconda-ks.cfg mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64.tar.gz original-ks.cfg [root@localhost ~]#tar xf mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ #官网提供的二进制包编译的路径是/usr/local，所以此处不可修改
2、准备用户、数据目录，可以考虑使用逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql mysql [root@localhost ~]#mkdir /data/mysql [root@localhost ~]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql [root@localhost ~]#cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]#ln -s mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64/ mysql [root@localhost local]#chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/
4、准备配置文件
[root@localhost local]#mkdir /etc/mysql [root@localhost local]#cp mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64/support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf [root@localhost local]#vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf #添加数据目录的路径
5、初始化
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql [root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#yum install libaio #安装时有个报错安装该包即可
5、准备服务脚本，并启动服务，安全初始化
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#chkconfig --list mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation 分别设置：数据库管理员root口令 禁止root远程登录 删除anonymous用户帐号 删除test数据库
6、配置环境变量
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/mariadb10.2.sh
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#. /etc/profile.d/mariadb10.2.sh
[root@localhost mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64]#echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
三、实现多实例
1、建立实例目录结构
mkdir -pv /www/mysql/{3306,3307,3308}/{data,etc,socket,bin,log,pid}
chown -R mysql.mysql /www/mysql/
2、分别为3个MariaDB实例创建初始化数据
cd /usr/local/mariadb-10.2.25-linux-x86_64/ ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/www/mysql/3306/data/ --user=mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/www/mysql/3307/data/ --user=mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/www/mysql/3308/data/ --user=mysql
3、准备配置文件
cp /etc/my.cnf /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf vi /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf
cp /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf /www/mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf sed -i 's/3306/3307/' /www/mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf cp /www/mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf /www/mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf sed -i 's/3306/3308/' /www/mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf
到此已经可以使用
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/www/mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null & #启动服务 mysql -S /www/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock #启动服务后连接 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /www/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock shutdown #关闭服务
只是每次启动停止服务都要输入很长的命令，可以编写一个脚本来实现管理
vi /www/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld
#!/bin/bash
port=3306
mysql_user="root"
#mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/usr/local/mysql/bin"
mysql_basedir="/www/mysql"
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"
. /etc/init.d/functions
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...`action`\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
fi
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
esaccp /www/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld /www/mysql/3307/bin/
sed -i 's/3306/3307/' /www/mysql/3307/bin/mysqld
cp /www/mysql/3306/bin/mysqld /www/mysql/3308/bin/
sed -i 's/3306/3308/' /www/mysql/3308/bin/mysqld
启动服务成功监听
也可以将脚本放在/etc/init.d/用service命令来管理
cp /www/mysql/3307/bin/mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld3307
这样看起来跟系统服务一样！