centos系統python3.7安裝及虛擬環境部署

1、配置yum國內鏡像

1）備份源：

#mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

2）下載源：

#wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

#mv CentOS6-Base-163.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

3）生成緩存使配置生效

#yum clean all

#yum makecache

2、Python3.7.3安裝

1）安裝編譯相關工具

#yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

#yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

#yum install libffi-devel –y

2）下載安裝包解壓

#wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tar.xz

#tar -xvJf Python-3.7.3.tar.xz

3）預編譯安裝

#mkdir /usr/local/python3

4）創建編譯安裝目錄

#cd Python-3.7.3

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3

#make && make install

5）創建軟連接

#ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3

#ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3

3、安裝Python虛擬環境

1）更新pip3

# pip3 install --upgrade pip

2）安裝virtualenv

#pip3 install virtualenv

#pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

3）配置環境變量

#mkdir /root/.virtualenvs

#vi ~/.bashrc 

#VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3 # 指定virtualenvwrapper執行的python版本
#export WORKON_HOME=/root/.virtualenvs  #虛擬環境存放目錄
#source /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

#source  ~/.bashrc

4）創建虛擬環境

#mkvirtualenv metesys-env

這裏出現錯誤：virtualenvwrapper could not find virtualenv in your path

查找virtualenv：find / -name virtualenv，輸出：/usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv

創建軟連接

# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/local/bin/virtualenv

再次執行創建命令

5）使用虛擬環境

選擇虛擬環境：#workon 兩次tab鍵

退出虛擬環境：# deactivate

刪除虛擬環境：#rmvirtualenv name