React源碼解析之React.createElement()和ReactElement()

一、JSX語法轉換到Js語法
從 JSX 轉換到 JS 會用到React.createElement(),所以先熟悉下 JSX 到 JS 的轉換。

這邊是 JSX 語法:

<div id='one' class='two'>
    <span id="spanOne">this is spanOne</span>
    <span id="spanTwo">this is spanTwo</span>
</div>

這邊是轉化成的 js 語法:

React.createElement(
  "div",
 { id: "one", class: "two" },
 React.createElement( "span", { id: "spanOne" }, "this is spanOne"), 
 React.createElement("span", { id: "spanTwo" }, "this is spanTwo")
);

React.createElement("標籤名","Object,包含div的props",'children子節點1','children子節點2','...')


這邊是 JSX 語法:

function Div(){ }

<Div id='one' class='two'>
    <span id="spanOne">this is spanOne</span>
    <span id="spanTwo">this is spanTwo</span>
</Div>

這邊是轉化成的 js 語法:

React.createElement(Div, {} , xxx );

如果標籤名大寫,則表示組件 Div(也就是function),小寫表示 html 的標籤 <div>

也就是說:自定義的組件必須大寫字母開頭


二、React.createElement()
源碼地址:https://github.com/AttackXiaoJinJin/reactExplain/blob/master/react16.8.6/packages/react/src/ReactElement.js

作用:
創建React.Element,示例請看一、JSX語法轉換到Js語法

源碼:

//注意:react只寫了3個參數,實際上,從第三個參數往後都是children
export function createElement(type, config, children) {
  let propName;

  // Reserved names are extracted
  const props = {};

  let key = null;
  let ref = null;
  let self = null;
  let source = null;
  //賦給標籤的props不爲空時
  if (config != null) {
    if (hasValidRef(config)) {
      ref = config.ref;
    }
    if (hasValidKey(config)) {
      //防止是Number
      key = '' + config.key;
    }
    //__self、__source 暫時不知道是幹啥用的屬性
    self = config.__self === undefined ? null : config.__self;
    source = config.__source === undefined ? null : config.__source;
    // Remaining properties are added to a new props object
    for (propName in config) {
      //如果config中的屬性不是標籤原生屬性,則放入props對象中
      if (

        hasOwnProperty.call(config, propName) &&
        !RESERVED_PROPS.hasOwnProperty(propName)
      ) {
        props[propName] = config[propName];
      }
    }
  }

  // Children can be more than one argument, and those are transferred onto
  // the newly allocated props object.
  //子元素數量
  const childrenLength = arguments.length - 2;
  if (childrenLength === 1) {
    props.children = children;
  } else if (childrenLength > 1) {
    const childArray = Array(childrenLength);
    //依次將children push進array中
    for (let i = 0; i < childrenLength; i++) {
      childArray[i] = arguments[i + 2];
    }
    //如果是development環境的話
    if (__DEV__) {
      //凍結array
      //未在微信發表
      //https://www.jianshu.com/p/91e5dc520c0d?utm_campaign=hugo&utm_medium=reader_share&utm_content=note&utm_source=weixin-friends&from=singlemessage&isappinstalled=0
      if (Object.freeze) {
        Object.freeze(childArray);
      }
    }
    //開發中寫的this.props.children就是子元素的集合
    props.children = childArray;
  }

  // Resolve default props

  //爲傳入的props設置默認值,比如:
  //class Comp extends React.Component{
  //  static defaultProps = {
  //     aaa: 'one',
  //     bbb: () => {},
  //     ccc: {},
  //   };
  //
  // }

  if (type && type.defaultProps) {
    const defaultProps = type.defaultProps;
    for (propName in defaultProps) {
      //如果props數組中未設值,則設置默認值(注意:null也算設置了值)
      if (props[propName] === undefined) {
        props[propName] = defaultProps[propName];
      }
    }
  }

  if (__DEV__) {
    //一旦ref或key存在
    if (key || ref) {
      //如果type是組件的話,賦值displayName
      const displayName =
        typeof type === 'function'
          ? type.displayName || type.name || 'Unknown'
          : type;
      //可不看
      if (key) {
        defineKeyPropWarningGetter(props, displayName);
      }
      if (ref) {
        defineRefPropWarningGetter(props, displayName);
      }
    }
  }
  return ReactElement(
    type,  //'div'
    key,  //null
    ref,  //null
    self, //null
    source, //null
    ReactCurrentOwner.current, //null或Fiber
    props, //自定義的屬性、方法,注意:props.children=childArray
  );
}

解析:

(1)hasValidRef()

作用:
判斷是否設置了ref的屬性,true有,false沒有

源碼:

//判斷是否設置了ref的屬性,true有,false沒有
function hasValidRef(config) {
  //如果是development環境的話
  if (__DEV__) {
    //如果config中存在ref屬性的話
    //在jQuery中 .call/.apply的更大作用是綁定this
    if (hasOwnProperty.call(config, 'ref')) {
      //Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor() es5
      //Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors() es6
      //https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30100043/article/details/53424963

      //返回對象config的屬性ref 的get對象
      const getter = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(config, 'ref').get;
      //如果isReactWarning,則忽略ref屬性,返回false
      if (getter && getter.isReactWarning) {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }
  //<div ref={this.optionsTEchart} ></div>
  return config.ref !== undefined;
}

注意:__DEV__表示測試環境,是供React內部測試的,可以不看,我簡單地解釋了下

② 在jQueryfn.call(xxx,a1,a2,...)fn.apply(xxx,array)的更大作用是綁定this

Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor()的作用是返回某個對象屬性的描述對象( descriptor )

比如:

var obj = { p: 'a' };
Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, 'p')
//返回
// Object { value: "a",
// writable: true,
// enumerable: true,
// configurable: true
}

關於Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor()Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors()的區別,請看:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30100043/article/details/53424963

(2)hasValidKey

作用:
判斷是否設置了key,同hasValidRef,不解釋了

源碼:

function hasValidKey(config) {
  if (__DEV__) {
    if (hasOwnProperty.call(config, 'key')) {
      const getter = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(config, 'key').get;
      if (getter && getter.isReactWarning) {
        return false;
      }
    }
  }
  return config.key !== undefined;
}

(3)雖然React.createElement()只傳三個參數,但從第三個參數開始,利用arguments來獲取剩下的參數

(4)Object.freeze()
使用Object.freeze()凍結的對象是最嚴格的防篡改級別,既不可擴展,也是密封的,不可修改屬性。

對於 JS 庫作者而言,凍結對象可防止有人修改庫的核心對象。

關於 JS 凍結對象的方法,請看:JS紅皮書解讀之防篡改對象

(5)最後是 return 了ReactElement()方法,注意props中的children屬性就是React組件的children

react組件的children屬性不會被覆蓋:
父組件:

return(
  <DashBoard children={'bbbb'}>
    aaaa
  </DashBoard>
)

子組件:

console.log(this.props)

結果:

三、ReactElement()
源碼地址:https://github.com/AttackXiaoJinJin/reactExplain/blob/master/react16.8.6/packages/react/src/ReactElement.js

作用:
通過工廠模式創建React.Element對象,你打印一個React組件的話,會是下面這個樣子:

源碼:

/**
 * Factory method to create a new React element. This no longer adheres to
 * the class pattern, so do not use new to call it. Also, no instanceof check
 * will work. Instead test $$typeof field against Symbol.for('react.element') to check
 * if something is a React Element.
 *
 * @param {*} type
 * @param {*} props
 * @param {*} key
 * @param {string|object} ref
 * @param {*} owner
 * @param {*} self A *temporary* helper to detect places where `this` is
 * different from the `owner` when React.createElement is called, so that we
 * can warn. We want to get rid of owner and replace string `ref`s with arrow
 * functions, and as long as `this` and owner are the same, there will be no
 * change in behavior.
 * @param {*} source An annotation object (added by a transpiler or otherwise)
 * indicating filename, line number, and/or other information.
 * @internal
 */

// type,  //'div'
// key,  //null
// ref,  //null
// self, //null
// source, //null
// ReactCurrentOwner.current, //null或Fiber
// props, //自定義的屬性、方法,注意:props.children=childArray
const ReactElement = function(type, key, ref, self, source, owner, props) {
  const element = {
    // This tag allows us to uniquely identify this as a React Element
    //標識element的類型
    //因爲jsx都是通過createElement創建的,所以ReactElement的類型固定:爲REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE
    //重要!因爲react最終渲染到DOM上時,需要判斷$$typeof===REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE
    $$typeof: REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE,

    // Built-in properties that belong on the element
    //設置元素的內置屬性
    type: type,
    key: key,
    ref: ref,
    props: props,

    // Record the component responsible for creating this element.
    //記錄創建react.element的組件(this?)
    _owner: owner,
  };

  if (__DEV__) {
    // The validation flag is currently mutative. We put it on
    // an external backing store so that we can freeze the whole object.
    // This can be replaced with a WeakMap once they are implemented in
    // commonly used development environments.

    //驗證flag是不固定的.我們將其放置在一個store上,從而能凍結整個object
    //這樣一旦它們被用在開發環境時,用WeakMap代替

    //WeakMap
    // http://es6.ruanyifeng.com/#docs/set-map
    element._store = {};

    // To make comparing ReactElements easier for testing purposes, we make
    // the validation flag non-enumerable (where possible, which should
    // include every environment we run tests in), so the test framework
    // ignores it.
    //方便測試用
    Object.defineProperty(element._store, 'validated', {
      configurable: false,
      enumerable: false,
      writable: true,
      value: false,
    });
    // self and source are DEV only properties.
    Object.defineProperty(element, '_self', {
      configurable: false,
      enumerable: false,
      writable: false,
      value: self,
    });
    // Two elements created in two different places should be considered
    // equal for testing purposes and therefore we hide it from enumeration.
    Object.defineProperty(element, '_source', {
      configurable: false,
      enumerable: false,
      writable: false,
      value: source,
    });
    if (Object.freeze) {
      Object.freeze(element.props);
      Object.freeze(element);
    }
  }

  return element;
};

解析:
(1)通過$$typeof確保是React.Element類型,從而渲染到真正的DOM樹上

(2)__DEV__註釋中有提到WeakMap
簡單說下WeakMap的作用:
你往WeakMap上的對象 a 添加數據,對象 b 引用 對象 a,之後對象 b 不引用 對象 a,a 就被垃圾回收,不用WeakMap的話,即使對象 b 以後不引用對象 a了,a 也不會被垃圾回收,因爲強引用是不會觸發垃圾回收機制的,需要手動刪除,很麻煩。

想更詳細地瞭解的話,可以參考下這篇文章:
http://es6.ruanyifeng.com/#docs/set-map

關於垃圾回收機制,請看:淺談下垃圾回收機制(1)

(3)該方法比較簡單,就是初始化了一個對象,並將其標記爲React.Element對象($$typeof=REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE


(完)

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