今天想通過requests庫來爬取拉鉤網的崗位信息,但通過分析網站發現他的崗位信息都是通過向Ajax請求來獲得的,也就是說返回來的網頁源代碼沒有這部分信息,那requests庫就沒有什麼作用了。後來我想到了利用selenium模擬瀏覽器來爬取,果真可行....
設計思路:
1、我們先來看網站的結構:
然後每個崗位又可以點擊,點進去之後就是這個崗位的詳細信息。
2、功能設計:
所以我們就是通過先獲取職位列表,然後在通過職位列表中的每一個職位的詳細信息的url來獲取信息
3、構建函數:
'''解析出每一頁所有崗位的url'''
def parse_list_page(self, source):
pass
'''解析出每一崗位的網頁源代碼'''
def get_detail_page(self, url):
pass
'''將每一個崗位的信息打印或保存'''
def parse_detail_page(self, source):
pass
4、demo:
from selenium import webdriver
from lxml import etree
import re
import time
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
class LagouSpider(object):
driver_path = r'D:\ChormDriveer\chrome\chromedriver.exe'
def __init__(self):
'''加載驅動'''
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=LagouSpider.driver_path)
self.url = 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_python?city=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD&cl=false&fromSearch=true&labelWords=&suginput='
'''用來存儲信息'''
self.positions = []
def run(self):
'''模擬瀏覽器打開網頁'''
self.driver.get(self.url)
while True:
source = self.driver.page_source
self.parse_list_page(source)
WebDriverWait(driver=self.driver, timeout=10).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//div[@class='pager_container']/span[last()]"))
)
'''獲得下一頁按鈕'''
next_btn = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='pager_container']/span[last()]")
'''當到達最後一頁時 不在進行下一頁的爬取 退出死循環結束程序'''
if "pager_next_disabled" in next_btn.get_attribute("class"):
break
else:
next_btn.click()
def parse_list_page(self, source):
html = etree.HTML(source)
links = html.xpath("//a[@class='position_link']/@href")
for link in links:
self.get_detail_page(link)
time.sleep(1)
def get_detail_page(self, url):
self.driver.execute_script("window.open('%s')" % url)
self.driver.switch_to.window(self.driver.window_handles[1])
source = self.driver.page_source
self.parse_detail_page(source)
self.driver.close()
self.driver.switch_to.window(self.driver.window_handles[0])
def parse_detail_page(self, source):
html = etree.HTML(source)
position_name = html.xpath("//span[@class='name']/text()")[0]
job_request_spans = html.xpath("//dd[@class='job_request']//span")
salary = job_request_spans[0].xpath('.//text()')[0].strip()
city = job_request_spans[1].xpath(".//text()")[0].strip()
city = re.sub(r"[\s/]", "", city)
work_years = job_request_spans[2].xpath(".//text()")[0].strip()
work_years = re.sub(r"[\s/]", "", work_years)
education = job_request_spans[3].xpath(".//text()")[0].strip()
education = re.sub(r"[\s/]", "", education)
desc = "".join(html.xpath("//dd[@class='job_bt']//text()")).strip()
company_name = html.xpath("//h4[@class='company']/text()")[0].strip()
position = {
'name': position_name,
'company_name': company_name,
'salary': salary,
'city': city,
'work_years': work_years,
'education': education,
'desc': desc
}
self.positions.append(position)
print(position)
print('=' * 40)
if __name__ == '__main__':
spider = LagouSpider()
spider.run()
5、運行結果就不再展示了,測試過了沒有問題的.....