ActiveMQ實戰(SpringBoot)

本篇文章是實戰篇,有關MQ的基本概念請自行查閱有關資料,網上關於此方面教程也多如牛毛,本章就不贅述了。

有關ActiveMQ的介紹可以看這篇教程:ActiveMQ入門

 示例項目需要使用SpringBoot來搭建兩個項目,jms項目作爲消息發送端,jms-client項目作爲消息接收端。

一、安裝ActiveMQ

       ActiveMq下載安裝教程,讀者可參照此教程下載安裝ActiveMQ。

二、JMS項目--消息發送端

 1、POM文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.scb</groupId>
    <artifactId>jms</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>jms</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

   其中,spring-boot-starter-activemq就是ActiveMQ需要加載的依賴。

2、配置ActiveMQ

package com.scb.jms.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue;
import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;

import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class JmsConfig {
    //Create ConnectionFactory Bean
    @Bean
    public ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory=new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setBrokerURL("tcp://localhost:61616");
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    // Create cache
    @Bean
    public CachingConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        CachingConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        cachingConnectionFactory.setTargetConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        cachingConnectionFactory.setSessionCacheSize(10);
        return cachingConnectionFactory;
    }

    //Create Destination
    @Bean
    public ActiveMQQueue queue(){
        ActiveMQQueue queue=new ActiveMQQueue();
        queue.setPhysicalName("jms.queue");
        return queue;
    }

    @Bean
    public ActiveMQTopic topic(){
        ActiveMQTopic topic = new ActiveMQTopic();
        topic.setPhysicalName("jms.topic");
        return topic;
    }

    //Create JmsTemplate Bean queue
    @Bean
    public JmsTemplate queueJmsTemplate(ConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory,ActiveMQQueue queue){
        log.info("queueJmsTemplate isQueue :: {}",queue.isQueue());
        JmsTemplate jmsTemplate=new JmsTemplate();
        jmsTemplate.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);
        jmsTemplate.setDefaultDestination(queue);
        return jmsTemplate;
    }

    //Create JmsTemplate Bean topic
    @Bean
    public JmsTemplate topicJmsTemplate(ConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory,ActiveMQTopic topic){
        log.info("topicJmsTemplate isTopic :: {}",topic.isTopic());
        JmsTemplate jmsTemplate=new JmsTemplate();
        jmsTemplate.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);
        jmsTemplate.setDefaultDestination(topic);
        jmsTemplate.setPubSubDomain(true);
        return jmsTemplate;
    }
}

首先,需要先配置ActiveMQ的連接工廠(ActiveMQConnectionFactory),通過該連接工廠我們就能創建ActiveMQConnection。但是頻繁的創建銷燬是非常浪費系統資源的,所以這裏我們將ActiveMQConnectionFactory配置到CachingConnectionFactory中,這相當於是一個連接池。

然後,我們創建了兩種Destination:Queue和Topic。最後創建JmsTemplate對象。通過JmsTemplate,我們可以非常簡單地去發送接收消息。

3、Service層

在配置好ActiveMQ後,我們就可以通過JmsTemplate來進行消息的發送了。這裏,爲了解耦,將業務邏輯封裝進Service層。

package com.scb.jms.service;

import javax.jms.JMSException;

public interface ISenderService {
    void sendMessage(String message);
    void sendMessages() throws JMSException;
}

上面是發送消息的服務接口,下面我們看看,它的兩個實現類。

package com.scb.jms.service;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import java.util.Date;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class QueueSenderServiceImpl implements ISenderService {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "queueJmsTemplate")
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @Override
    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(message);
    }

    public void sendMessages() throws JMSException {
        StringBuilder payload = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
            payload = new StringBuilder();
            payload.append("Message [").append(i).append("] sent at: ").append(new Date());
            jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(payload.toString());
            log.info("Sending message number [" + i + "]");
        }
    }
}
QueueSenderServiceImpl類使用queueJmsTemplate來將消息發送到Queue中。
package com.scb.jms.service;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import java.util.Date;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class TopicSenderServiceImpl implements ISenderService {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "topicJmsTemplate")
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @Override
    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(message);
    }

    public void sendMessages() throws JMSException {
        StringBuilder payload = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
            payload = new StringBuilder();
            payload.append("Message [").append(i).append("] sent at: ").append(new Date());
            jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(payload.toString());
            log.info("Sending message number [" + i + "]");
        }
    }
}

而TopicSenderServiceImpl類使用topicJmsTemplate來將消息發送到Topic中。

通過jmsTemplate的convertAndSend方法,我們可以非常簡單地進行消息發送。

4、Controller層

Service層開發完成後,我們就可以在Controller層進行調用了。

package com.scb.jms.controller;

import com.scb.jms.service.ISenderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.jms.JMSException;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/jms/topic")
public class JmsTopicController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "topicSenderServiceImpl")
    private ISenderService senderService;

    @GetMapping("/{msg}")
    public void sendMessage(@PathVariable(name = "msg") String msg) {
        senderService.sendMessage(msg);
    }

    @GetMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    public void sendMessages() {
        try {
            senderService.sendMessages();
        } catch (JMSException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

這裏,也拆分成兩個Controller。

package com.scb.jms.controller;

import com.scb.jms.service.ISenderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.jms.JMSException;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/jms/queue")
public class JmsQueueController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "queueSenderServiceImpl")
    private ISenderService senderService;

    @GetMapping("/{msg}")
    public void sendMessage(@PathVariable(name = "msg") String msg){
        senderService.sendMessage(msg);
    }

    @GetMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    public void sendMessages(){
        try {
            senderService.sendMessages();
        }catch (JMSException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

OK,到這裏我們jms項目消息發送端已經開發完成。如果你已經把ActiveMQ運行起來了,當你訪問http://localhost:8080/jms/topic/就可以將消息發送到ActiveMQ的Topic中,如下圖所示。(其他同理)

 

三、jms-client項目--消息接收端

1、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.scb</groupId>
    <artifactId>jms_client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>jms_client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-activemq</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

可以看到依賴包和jms項目是一樣的

2、ActiveMQ配置類

package com.scb.jms_client.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue;
import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer;

import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class JmsConfig {
    //Create ConnectionFactory Bean
    @Bean
    public ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory=new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setBrokerURL("tcp://localhost:61616");
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    // Create cache
    @Bean
    public CachingConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        CachingConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        cachingConnectionFactory.setTargetConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        cachingConnectionFactory.setSessionCacheSize(10);
        return cachingConnectionFactory;
    }

    //Create Destination
    @Bean
    public ActiveMQQueue queue(){
        ActiveMQQueue queue=new ActiveMQQueue();
        queue.setPhysicalName("jms.queue");
        return queue;
    }

    @Bean
    public ActiveMQTopic topic(){
        ActiveMQTopic topic = new ActiveMQTopic();
        topic.setPhysicalName("jms.topic");
        return topic;
    }

    //Create JmsTemplate Bean queue
    @Bean
    public JmsTemplate queueJmsTemplate(ConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory,ActiveMQQueue queue){
        log.info("jmsTemplate:"+cachingConnectionFactory.getClass());
        JmsTemplate jmsTemplate=new JmsTemplate();
        jmsTemplate.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);
        //jmsTemplate.setDefaultDestinationName("jms.queue");
        jmsTemplate.setDefaultDestination(queue);
        return jmsTemplate;
    }

    //Create JmsTemplate Bean topic
    @Bean
    public JmsTemplate topicJmsTemplate(ConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory,ActiveMQTopic topic){
        JmsTemplate jmsTemplate=new JmsTemplate();
        jmsTemplate.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);
        jmsTemplate.setDefaultDestination(topic);
        jmsTemplate.setPubSubNoLocal(true);
        return jmsTemplate;
    }

    //配置消息偵聽容器
    @Bean
    public DefaultMessageListenerContainer queueListenerContainer(ConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory, ActiveMQQueue queue, MessageListener messageListener){
        DefaultMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer=new DefaultMessageListenerContainer();
        listenerContainer.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);
        listenerContainer.setDestination(queue);
        listenerContainer.setMessageListener(messageListener);
        return listenerContainer;
    }

    //配置消息偵聽容器
    @Bean
    public DefaultMessageListenerContainer topicListenerContainer(ConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory, ActiveMQTopic topic, MessageListener messageListener){
        DefaultMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer=new DefaultMessageListenerContainer();
        listenerContainer.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);
        listenerContainer.setDestination(topic);
        listenerContainer.setMessageListener(messageListener);
        listenerContainer.setPubSubDomain(true);
        return listenerContainer;
    }
}

這裏跟jms項目相比,多配置了DefaultMessageListenerContainer Bean。這是個消息監聽容器,當配置好它後,我們就可以異步監聽是否有消息。它依賴於MessageListener對象,下面我們來配置他。

package com.scb.jms_client.pojo;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class JmsMessageListener implements MessageListener {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            TextMessage msg = (TextMessage) message;
            log.info("Consumed message: " + msg.getText());
        } catch (JMSException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 MessageListener的onMessage定義了接收到消息時採取的措施。

需注意的是:jms-client項目端口要改成8081(避免和jms項目端口衝突)

四、運行

運行兩個項目和ActiveMQ,訪問http://localhost:8080/jms/topic/,將消息發送到topic中。jms項目的輸出如下:

此時,在jms-client項目的控制檯可以看到,如下輸出:

這是因爲jms-client項目配置了DefaultMessageListenerContainer,有消息進入ActiveMQ會自動進行消費。

後記

本章介紹瞭如何在SpringBoot中搭建一個簡單的ActiveMQ應用項目。之後,我將繼續介紹ActiveMQ如何與Zookeeper進行集成,搭建ActiveMQ集羣。

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