張萌&韓墨羽——Android藍牙

藍牙

是一種無線技術標準，可實現固定設備、移動設備和樓宇個人域網之間的短距離數據交換

關於藍牙的權限主要涉及到下面三個：

BLUETOOTH：允許配對的設備進行連接

BLUETOOTH_ADMIN：允許搜索和配對設備

ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION：廣播接收器接收BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND廣播需要改權限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

一些介紹

BluetoothManager 藍牙管理類，管理BluetoothAdapter。主要負責管理藍牙的本地連接。
BluetoothAdapter 藍牙適配器類：代表本藍牙設備
BluetoothDevice 藍牙設備，配對後的遠程藍牙設備.
BluetoothServiceSocket 服務端連接類
BluetoothSocket：客戶端連接類
UUID（universal unique identifier ， 全局唯一標識符）
格式如下：UUID格式一般是”xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx”，可到http://www.uuidgenerator.com 申請。UUID分爲5段，是一個8-4-4-4-12的字符串，這個字符串要求永不重複。藍牙建立連接時雙方必須使用固定的UUID
例如：文件傳輸服務
OBEXFileTransferServiceClass_UUID = ‘{00001106-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB}’

真機測試效果

代碼案例

xml中的佈局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/block"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="打開藍牙"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/close"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="關閉藍牙"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/get"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="獲得已經配對的藍牙設備"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/search"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="搜索附近的藍牙"
        />
    <ListView
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:id="@+id/listid"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

Activity中的代碼

  package com.example.day006;
    
    import android.Manifest;
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.app.Service;
    import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
    import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
    import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
    import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
    import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
    import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.content.IntentFilter;
    import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
    import android.os.Build;
    import android.os.Environment;
    import android.os.Parcelable;
    import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
    import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.AdapterView;
    import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.ListView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.UUID;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
        private Button close;
        private Button get;
        private Button search;
        private Button block;
        private ListView listid;
        private BluetoothAdapter adapter;
        private MyRecevir myRecevir;
        private Myadpater myadpater;
        private  BluetoothDevice device2;
        private List<BluetoothDevice> devicecs = new ArrayList<>();//其他藍牙列表
    
        private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            close = (Button) findViewById(R.id.close);
            get = (Button) findViewById(R.id.get);
            search = (Button) findViewById(R.id.search);
            block = (Button) findViewById(R.id.block);
            listid = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listid);
    
    
            myRecevir=new MyRecevir();
            //註冊廣播接收者
            IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
            intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//註冊搜索藍牙的廣播
            intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);//啓動線程
            intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);//顯示到listview
            registerReceiver(myRecevir,intentFilter);
    
    
            //權限
            String[] string=new String[]{Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH,Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
                if(ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION )!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    requestPermissions(string,101);
                }
            }
    
            BluetoothManager manager= (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
            adapter = manager.getAdapter();
    
            //開啓藍牙
            block.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Intent intent = new Intent();
                    intent.setAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);//自己可見可用
                    intent.setAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);//允許被掃描
    //                intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION,200);//設置被掃描的時長
                    startActivity(intent);
                }
            });
            //關閉藍牙
            close.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    adapter.disable();
                }
            });
            //獲得
            get.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    adapter.getBondedDevices();
                }
            });
            //搜索藍牙(掃描)
            search.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    adapter.startDiscovery();
                }
            });
    
            listid.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                    BluetoothDevice device=devicecs.get(position);
                    device.createBond();//綁定藍牙
                }
            });
        }
    
        class MyRecevir extends BroadcastReceiver{
    
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                //收其他搜索的藍牙
                 if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND)){//是查找的功能
                     BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                     Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: "+device.getName());
                     devicecs.add(device);
                 }else if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED)){
                     //將所有的藍牙設備顯示到界面上
                     myadpater = new Myadpater(MainActivity.this,devicecs);
                     listid.setAdapter(myadpater);
                 } else if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)) {
                     device2= intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                     int state = device2.getBondState();
                     if (state==BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){//已經綁定
                        new ClientThread().start();
                     }
                 }
            }
        }
        //客戶端代碼
        class ClientThread extends Thread{
            @Override
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                UUID uuid=UUID.fromString("00001106-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
                try {
                    BluetoothSocket socket = device2.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
                    socket.connect();//建立socket連接
    
                    OutputStream outputStream=socket.getOutputStream();
                    FileInputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsoluteFile()+"/baoke.txt");
                    int len=0;
                    byte[] b=new byte[1024];
                    while ((len=inputStream.read(b))!=-1){
                        outputStream.write(b,0,len);
                  //  outputStream.write("你好呀".getBytes());
                        outputStream.flush();
                    }
                    outputStream.close();
    //                inputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            public void receveFromserver(BluetoothSocket socket){
                try {
                    InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                    int len=0;
                    byte[] b=new byte[1024];
                    FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsoluteFile()+"/http.txt");
                    while ((len=inputStream.read(b))!=-1){
                        outputStream.write(b,0,len);
                    }
                    inputStream.close();
                    outputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
    
        }
    }