元組

元組

特點:

• 有序
• 可重複
• 不可更改

元組的創建:

te = (1,2,3)
te = ()  # 空元組的創建，不能添加元素
te = (1,)  # 單元素的元組創建需加上一個逗號，否則括號將視爲運算符號
sr = str()  # 通過函數創建字符串
tp = tuple()  # 通過函數創建元組
# 多元素元組的創建,包含多種數據類型

(1)拼接

tp = (1, 2, 3)
tp2 = (4, 5)
print(tp + tp2)

(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

(2)重複

tp = (1, 2, 3)
print(tp * 3)

(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)

(3)索引(偏移) 切片

tp = (1, 2, 3, 4, '5')
print(tp[1])
print(tp[2:5])

2
(3, 4, '5')

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b",["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(tp[2])
tp[2] = 33
  File "D:/python/test1/day03.py", line 302, in <module>
    tp[2] = 33
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
    
tp[5][2] = 'cccc'  # 元組保存的是對列表的引用，當列表被修改時，由於地址未更改，所以元組也隨着更改
print(tp)
(1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', ['aa', 'bb', 'cccc', 'dd'])

查

• 索引查
• 切片查
• .index()

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(tp.index("a"))  # 返回第一次索引值出現的位置，只能查看第一層，找不到"aa"

3

增,不能

刪,del 直接刪除

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(id(tp))
# 2612747065480
del tp  # 僅刪除變量名，對象在被回收前依然存在，再次用一個變量名指向該對象，地址不變
tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(id(tp))
# 2612747065480

元組的常用操作

最大最小值

tp = (1, 2, 3)
print(max(tp), min(tp))

3 1

遍歷

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
# 元素遍歷
for i in tp:
    print(i, end=' ')
print()
# 索引遍歷
for i in range(len(tp)):
    print(tp[i], end=' ')
print()
# 枚舉enumerate
for index, value in enumerate(tp):
    print((index, value), end=' ')
    
1 2 3 a b ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 
1 2 3 a b ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 
(0, 1) (1, 2) (2, 3) (3, 'a') (4, 'b') (5, ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd']) 

tp = ((1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9))
print(tp[1][1])

5
tp = (((1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9)), ((11, 22, 33), 5, 6), (7, 8, 9))
print(tp[0][1][1])

5