元组

元组

特点:

• 有序
• 可重复
• 不可更改

元组的创建:

te = (1,2,3)
te = ()  # 空元组的创建，不能添加元素
te = (1,)  # 单元素的元组创建需加上一个逗号，否则括号将视为运算符号
sr = str()  # 通过函数创建字符串
tp = tuple()  # 通过函数创建元组
# 多元素元组的创建,包含多种数据类型

(1)拼接

tp = (1, 2, 3)
tp2 = (4, 5)
print(tp + tp2)

(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

(2)重复

tp = (1, 2, 3)
print(tp * 3)

(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)

(3)索引(偏移) 切片

tp = (1, 2, 3, 4, '5')
print(tp[1])
print(tp[2:5])

2
(3, 4, '5')

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b",["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(tp[2])
tp[2] = 33
  File "D:/python/test1/day03.py", line 302, in <module>
    tp[2] = 33
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
    
tp[5][2] = 'cccc'  # 元组保存的是对列表的引用，当列表被修改时，由于地址未更改，所以元组也随着更改
print(tp)
(1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', ['aa', 'bb', 'cccc', 'dd'])

查

• 索引查
• 切片查
• .index()

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(tp.index("a"))  # 返回第一次索引值出现的位置，只能查看第一层，找不到"aa"

3

增,不能

删,del 直接删除

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(id(tp))
# 2612747065480
del tp  # 仅删除变量名，对象在被回收前依然存在，再次用一个变量名指向该对象，地址不变
tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
print(id(tp))
# 2612747065480

元组的常用操作

最大最小值

tp = (1, 2, 3)
print(max(tp), min(tp))

3 1

遍历

tp = (1, 2, 3, "a", "b", ["aa", "bb", "cc", "dd"])
# 元素遍历
for i in tp:
    print(i, end=' ')
print()
# 索引遍历
for i in range(len(tp)):
    print(tp[i], end=' ')
print()
# 枚举enumerate
for index, value in enumerate(tp):
    print((index, value), end=' ')
    
1 2 3 a b ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 
1 2 3 a b ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 
(0, 1) (1, 2) (2, 3) (3, 'a') (4, 'b') (5, ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd']) 

tp = ((1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9))
print(tp[1][1])

5
tp = (((1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9)), ((11, 22, 33), 5, 6), (7, 8, 9))
print(tp[0][1][1])

5