寫作時間：2019-08-15
Spring Boot: 2.1 ,JDK: 1.8, IDE: IntelliJ IDEA

說明

本文將實現JDBC單條操作數據庫，批量操作數據庫。所有的Spring JDBC 類分到四個packages裏面:

core – 核心接口和類。
the core functionality of JDBC. Some of the important classes under this package include JdbcTemplate, SimpleJdbcInsert, SimpleJdbcCall and NamedParameterJdbcTemplate.
datasource – 數據源相關的輔助類。
utility classes to access a datasource. It also has various datasource implementations for testing JDBC code outside the Java EE container.
object – 將基本的JDBC操作封裝成對象。
DB access in an object-oriented manner. It allows executing queries and returning the results as a business object. It also maps the query results between the columns and properties of business objects.
support – 錯誤碼等其它輔助工具。
support classes for classes under core and object packages. E.g. provides the SQLException translation functionality.

常用的Bean註解

@Component
@Repository
@Service
@Controller
@RestController

JdbcTemplate

query
queryForObject
queryForList
update
execute

SQL 批處理

JdbcTemplate

batchUpdate

BatchPreparedStatementSeter

NamedParameterJdbcTemplate

batchUpdate

SqlParameterSourceUtils.createBatch

工程建立

參照教程【SpringBoot 2.1 | 第一篇：構建第一個SpringBoot工程】新建一個Spring Boot項目，名字叫demodbjdbc, 在目錄src/main/java/resources 下找到配置文件application.properties，重命名爲application.yml。

在Dependency中選擇
Developer Tools > Lombok
Web > Spring Web Starter
SQL > H2 DataBase / JDBC API
Ops > Spring Boot Actuator。

設置日誌打印格式化ANSI

ANSI - American National Standards Institute
Support classes to provide ANSI color output.

src > main > resources > application.yml

spring:
  output:
    ansi:
      enabled: always

創建表Foo

路徑 src > main > resources > schema.sql

CREATE TABLE FOO (ID INT IDENTITY, BAR VARCHAR(64));

插入一條記錄

路徑 src > main > resources > data.sql

INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES ('zgpeace');

創建Model

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.Foo

package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;

@Data
@Builder
public class Foo {
  private Long id;
  private String bar;
}

創建FooDao

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao

package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

@Slf4j
@Repository
public class FooDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
  @Autowired
  private SimpleJdbcInsert simpleJdbcInsert;

  public void insertData() {
    Arrays.asList("b", "c").forEach(bar -> {
      jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES (?)", bar);
    });

    HashMap<String, String> row = new HashMap<>();
    row.put("BAR", "d");
    Number id = simpleJdbcInsert.executeAndReturnKey(row);
    log.info("ID of d: {}", id.longValue());
  }

  public void listData() {
    log.info("Count: {}", jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FOO", Long.class));

    List<String> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT BAR FROM FOO", String.class);
    list.forEach(s -> log.info("Bar: {}", s));

    List<Foo> fooList = jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM FOO", new RowMapper<Foo>() {
      @Override
      public Foo mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
        return Foo.builder()
            .id(resultSet.getLong(1))
            .bar(resultSet.getString(2))
            .build();
      }
    });
    fooList.forEach(f -> log.info("Foo: {}", f));
  }
}

Controller插入數據，查詢數據

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.DemodbjdbcApplication

package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class DemodbjdbcApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
  @Autowired
  private FooDao fooDao;

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(DemodbjdbcApplication.class, args);
  }

  @Bean
  @Autowired
  public SimpleJdbcInsert simpleJdbcInsert(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
    return new SimpleJdbcInsert(jdbcTemplate)
        .withTableName("FOO").usingGeneratedKeyColumns("ID");
  }

  @Bean
  @Autowired
  public NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
    return new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(dataSource);
  }

  @Override
  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
    fooDao.insertData();
    fooDao.listData();
  }
}

啓動成功，查看單條操作數據

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : ID of d: 4
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Count: 4
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: zgpeace
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: c
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: d
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=1, bar=zgpeace)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=2, bar=b)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=3, bar=c)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=4, bar=d)

批量操作數據

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.BatchFooDao

package com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchPreparedStatementSetter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.SqlParameterSourceUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class BatchFooDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
  @Autowired
  private NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate;

  public void batchInsert() {
    jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES (?)",
        new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
          @Override
          public void setValues(PreparedStatement preparedStatement, int i) throws SQLException {
            preparedStatement.setString(1, "b-" + i);
          }

          @Override
          public int getBatchSize() {
            return 2;
          }
        });

    List<Foo> list = new ArrayList<>();
    list.add(Foo.builder().id(100l).bar("b-100").build());
    list.add(Foo.builder().id(101l).bar("b-101").build());
    namedParameterJdbcTemplate
        .batchUpdate("INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (:id, :bar)",
            SqlParameterSourceUtils.createBatch(list));
  }
}

Controller 調用批量操作數據

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.DemodbjdbcApplication 更新類如下內容

  @Autowired
  private BatchFooDao batchFooDao;

  @Override
  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
    //fooDao.insertData();
    batchFooDao.batchInsert();
    fooDao.listData();
  }

啓動成功，查看批量操作數據

com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Count: 5
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: zgpeace
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-0
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-1
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-100
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Bar: b-101
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=1, bar=zgpeace)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=2, bar=b-0)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=3, bar=b-1)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=100, bar=b-100)
com.zgpeace.demodbjdbc.FooDao            : Foo: Foo(id=101, bar=b-101)

總結

恭喜你，學會了SpringBoot通過JDBC訪問數據庫。
代碼下載：

https://github.com/zgpeace/Spring-Boot2.1/tree/master/demodbjdbc

參考

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-jdbc-jdbctemplate

https://github.com/geektime-geekbang/geektime-spring-family/tree/master/Chapter 2/simple-jdbc-demo

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第十六篇：SpringBoot通過JDBC訪問數據庫

說明

常用的Bean註解

JdbcTemplate

SQL 批處理

工程建立

設置日誌打印格式化ANSI

創建表Foo

插入一條記錄

創建Model

創建FooDao

Controller插入數據，查詢數據

啓動成功，查看單條操作數據

批量操作數據

Controller 調用批量操作數據

啓動成功，查看批量操作數據

總結

參考

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第廿二篇：SpringBoot的Mybatis分頁插件PageHelper

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第廿三篇：SpringBoot之Docker安裝MongoDB

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第廿一篇：SpringBoot的Mybatis生成工具Generator

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第廿篇：SpringBoot的複雜JPA以及源碼解析

易筋SpringBoot 2.1 | 第十七篇：SpringBoot的事務Transaction

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