環境： Ubuntu18.04LTS
業務： 易忘記，記錄一下
安裝
apt-get install nginx
啓動
首先查看Nginx的文件的位置
$ whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
配置目錄/etc/nginx的配置文件nginx.conf，一般裝好之後沒有什麼問題，可以使用命令檢查一下：
toohoo@ubuntu:~$ sudo /usr/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
現在使用命令啓動Nginx:
$ sudo /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
沒有消息就是好消息，啓動時沒有提示的。
如果被佔用或者之前已經開啓過會出現一下情況：
$ sudo /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
這時候可以使用命令查看佔用端口的程序：
sudo netstat -ntpl|grep 80
如果是之前已經開啓了會出現下面的情況：
toohoo@ubuntu:~$ sudo netstat -ntpl|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 92940/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 92940/nginx: master
92940是pid，這是候可以先停止Nginx運行：
sudo nginx -s stop
如果是其他的程序佔用，不知道停止的情況下，可以使用下面命令殺掉：
sudo kill 9 pid / sudo kill -QUIT pid
停止
兩種方法：
sudo nginx -s stop 和 sudo kill 9 pid / sudo kill -QUIT pid
前提是知道進程的PID，下面是兩種情況：
1、知道端口查看進程和pid命令：
~$ sudo netstat -ntpl|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 94178/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 94178/nginx: master
2、知道進程(例如Nginx)查看PID命令
$ ps -ef|grep nginx
root 94178 1 0 21:33 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
www-data 94179 94178 0 21:33 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www-data 94180 94178 0 21:33 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
toohoo 94198 41731 0 21:33 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
root對應的第一個就是Nginx進程號
重啓
1、重啓，平滑操作，前後進場PID一樣,方法
sudo kill -HUP 主進程號
toohoo@ubuntu:~$ sudo kill -HUP 94178
toohoo@ubuntu:~$ ps -ef|grep nginx
root 94178 1 0 21:33 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
www-data 94179 94178 0 21:33 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process is shutting down
www-data 94258 94178 0 21:42 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www-data 94259 94178 0 21:42 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
toohoo 94263 41731 0 21:43 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
2、關掉，再打開，進程PID不一樣,方法:
關掉：sudo nginx -s stop 和 sudo kill 9 pid / sudo kill -QUIT pid
打開：$ sudo /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf