C# RSACryptoServiceProvider加密解密簽名驗籤和DESCryptoServiceProvider加解密

自己做數字簽名加密解密這就了，對這些東西有一點點懂，可能自己整理的有些錯誤。
C#在using System.Security.Cryptography下有 DESCryptoServiceProvider RSACryptoServiceProvider
DESCryptoServiceProvider 是用於對稱加密 RSACryptoServiceProvider是用於非對稱加密
對稱加密的意思：有一個密鑰相當於加密算法，加密用它來加密，解密也需要用到它。因爲加密解密都是用同一個密鑰所以叫對稱加密。對稱加密有一個壞處只要擁有密鑰的人都可以解密。
非對稱加密：就是有2個密鑰，一個是公鑰，一個是私鑰，私鑰是自己的，不能隨便給人，公鑰隨便給，無所謂。一般是別人用你的公鑰加密，然後把密文給你，你用你的私鑰解密，這樣一樣加密和解密不是同一個密鑰，所以叫非對稱。非對稱的好處是假如沒有私鑰別人是無法解密的，就算加密的那個人他把數據加密了他也無法解密，加密者把密文和公鑰隨便給那個人都無法解密。
數字簽名：數字簽名的意義就是這些數據與原文數據比對是否修改過，這個解釋有點麻煩，當初我也搞了好久才理解！一般是用自己的私鑰對數據進行簽名，然後用公鑰去驗證這個數據是否修改過

現在該說說DESCryptoServiceProvider 和RSACryptoServiceProvider 在C#中的具體怎麼用:

1、用RSACryptoServiceProvider 加密解密

//加密解密用到的公鑰與私鑰 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
string privatekey=oRSA.ToXmlString(true);//私鑰 
string publickey=oRSA.ToXmlString(false);//公鑰 
//這兩個密鑰需要保存下來 
byte[] messagebytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("luo羅"); //需要加密的數據 

//公鑰加密 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA1 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
oRSA1.FromXmlString(publickey); //加密要用到公鑰所以導入公鑰 
byte[] AOutput = oRSA1.Encrypt(messagebytes ,false); //AOutput 加密以後的數據 

//私鑰解密 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA2 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
oRSA2.FromXmlString(privatekey);           
byte[] AInput = oRSA2.Decrypt(AOutput, false); 
string reslut=Encoding.ASCII.GetString(AInput)

2、用RSACryptoServiceProvider簽名驗籤

byte[] messagebytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("luo羅"); 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
string privatekey = oRSA.ToXmlString(true); 
string publickey = oRSA.ToXmlString(false); 
           
//私鑰簽名 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA3 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
oRSA3.FromXmlString(privatekey); 
byte[] AOutput = oRSA3.SignData(messagebytes, "SHA1"); 
//公鑰驗證 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA4 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
oRSA4.FromXmlString(publickey); 
bool bVerify = oRSA4.VerifyData(messagebytes, "SHA1", AOutput);

3、用證書進行簽名
    因爲一般證書的私鑰是不可以導出的所以所以用第2種方法導入私鑰的來進行簽名行不通
byte[] messagebytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("luo羅");
           string Path = @"D:\Certificate\1.P12";
           X509Certificate2 x509 = new X509Certificate2(Path, "12345678");
           SHA1 sha1 = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
           byte[] hashbytes = sha1.ComputeHash(messagebytes); //對要簽名的數據進行哈希
           RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter signe = new RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter();
           signe.SetKey(x509.PrivateKey); //設置簽名用到的私鑰
           signe.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); //設置簽名算法
           byte[] reslut = signe.CreateSignature(hashbytes);
驗籤：與第2方法相同
           RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA4 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
           oRSA4.FromXmlString(x509.PublicKey.Key.ToXmlString(false));
           bool bVerify = oRSA4.VerifyData(messagebytes, "SHA1", reslut);
4、用證書加密解密

string Path = @"D:\Certificate\1.P12"; 
X509Certificate2 x509 = new X509Certificate2(Path, "12345678"); 
byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("cheshi羅"); 

//證書公鑰加密 
RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA1 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
     
oRSA1.FromXmlString(x509.PublicKey.Key.ToXmlString(false)); 

byte[] AOutput = oRSA1.Encrypt(data, false); 

//證書私鑰解密 
RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa2 = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)x509.PrivateKey; 
byte[] plainbytes = rsa2.Decrypt(AOutput, false); 
string reslut = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainbytes);

5、用證書對文件加密解密，因爲文件可能特別大所以需要用流和buffer的方式來，鄙視把文件全部讀到byte[]裏進行加密的人，假如文件5G，那全部讀到byte[]裏崩潰掉

  private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 
        { 
            x509=new X509Certificate2(Path, "12345678"); 
            RSACryptoServiceProvider oRSA1 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
            Encrypt(); 
            Decrypt();           
        } 
        private void Decrypt() 
        { 
            string FilePath = "2.txt"; 
            string OutFile = "3.txt"; 
            System.IO.FileStream picfs = new System.IO.FileStream(FilePath, System.IO.FileMode.Open); 
            System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream(OutFile, System.IO.FileMode.OpenOrCreate); 
            oRSA1 = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)x509.PrivateKey; 
            int blocksize = oRSA1.KeySize/8; 
-
            byte[] buffer, buffer1, encryblock; 
            bool Closed = true; 
            while (Closed) 
            { 
                buffer = null; 
                buffer = new byte[blocksize]; 
                int k = picfs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 
                if (k > 0) 
                { 
                    if (blocksize == k) 
                    { 
                        encryblock = oRSA1.Decrypt(buffer, false); 
                        fs.Write(encryblock, 0, encryblock.Length); 
                    } 
                    else 
                    { 
                        buffer1 = new byte[k]; 
                        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) 
                        { 
                            buffer1[i] = buffer[i]; 
                        } 
                        encryblock = oRSA1.Decrypt(buffer1, false); 
                        fs.Write(encryblock, 0, encryblock.Length); 
                    } 
                } 
                else 
                { 
                    picfs.Close(); 
                    fs.Close(); 
                    Closed = false; 
                } 
            } 
-
        } 
        private void Encrypt() 
        { 
            string FilePath = "1.txt"; 
            string OutFile = "2.txt"; 
            //證書公鑰加密 
-
            oRSA1.FromXmlString(x509.PublicKey.Key.ToXmlString(false)); 
            System.IO.FileStream picfs = new System.IO.FileStream(FilePath, System.IO.FileMode.Open); 
            System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream(OutFile, System.IO.FileMode.OpenOrCreate); 
            int blocksize = 0; 
            if (oRSA1.KeySize == 1024) 
            { 
                blocksize = 16; 
            } 
            else 
            { 
                blocksize = 8; 
            } 
            byte[] buffer, buffer1, encryblock; 
            bool Closed = true; 
            while (Closed) 
            { 
                buffer = null; 
                buffer = new byte[blocksize]; 
                int k = picfs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 
                if (k > 0) 
                { 
                    if (blocksize == k) 
                    { 
                        encryblock = oRSA1.Encrypt(buffer, false); 
                        fs.Write(encryblock, 0, encryblock.Length); 
                    } 
                    else 
                    { 
                        buffer1 = new byte[k]; 
                        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) 
                        { 
                            buffer1[i] = buffer[i]; 
                        } 
                        encryblock = oRSA1.Encrypt(buffer1, false); 
                        fs.Write(encryblock, 0, encryblock.Length); 
                    } 
                } 
                else 
                { 
                    picfs.Close(); 
                    fs.Close(); 
                    Closed = false; 
                } 
            } 
        }

6、用證書對文件進行簽名驗籤，因爲文件可能特別大所以需要用流和buffer的方式來

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
      x509 = new X509Certificate2(Path, "12345678");
      SignFile("1.txt", "11.txt");

      VerifyFile("1.txt", "11.txt");
}


private bool VerifyFile(string FileName, string SignedFileName)
{
            bool reslut = true;

            System.IO.StreamReader objread = new System.IO.StreamReader(FileName);
            System.IO.StreamReader objreadSigned = new System.IO.StreamReader(SignedFileName);

            RSACryptoServiceProvider VeryRsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            VeryRsa.FromXmlString(x509.PublicKey.Key.ToXmlString(false));

            int Inblocksize = 0;
            int Signedblocksize = 0;
            if (VeryRsa.KeySize == 1024)
            {
                Inblocksize = 16;
            }
            else
            {
                Inblocksize = 8;
            }
            Signedblocksize = VeryRsa.KeySize / 8;

            bool Closed = true;
            byte[] Buffer; //原文緩存區
            byte[] InBuffer;//原文緩存區
            byte[] Buffer1;//簽名文件緩存區
            while (Closed)
            {
                Buffer = null;
                Buffer = new byte[Inblocksize];
                int k = objread.BaseStream.Read(Buffer, 0, Buffer.Length);
                if (k > 0)
                {
                    if (Inblocksize == k) //讀出來的長度和緩存區一樣大
                    {
                        Buffer1 = new byte[Signedblocksize];
                        objreadSigned.BaseStream.Read(Buffer1, 0, Buffer1.Length);
                        reslut = VeryRsa.VerifyData(Buffer, "SHA1", Buffer1);
                        if (!reslut)
                        {
                            Closed = false;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    { //意思是Buffer沒滿，只有k個字節，k字節後面全是空所以不需要驗籤
                        InBuffer = new byte[k];
                        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++)
                        {
                            InBuffer[i] = Buffer[i];
                        }
                        Buffer1 = new byte[Signedblocksize];
                        objreadSigned.BaseStream.Read(Buffer1, 0, Buffer1.Length);
                        reslut = VeryRsa.VerifyData(InBuffer, "SHA1", Buffer1);
                        if (!reslut)
                        {
                            Closed = false;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    //這裏的意思是原文已經讀完畢了，並且已經和簽名文件對應驗籤成功，那麼
                    //簽名文件也必須讀完畢了。
                    if (objreadSigned.BaseStream.Position != objreadSigned.BaseStream.Length)
                    {
                        reslut = false;
                    }
                    objreadSigned.Close();
                    objread.Close();
                    Closed = false;
                }
            }
            return reslut;


        }
        private void SignFile(string InFileName, string OutFileName)
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider SignRsa = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)x509.PrivateKey;

            System.IO.StreamReader objread = new System.IO.StreamReader(InFileName);
            System.IO.StreamWriter objwrite = new System.IO.StreamWriter(OutFileName, false);

            int blocksize = 0;
            if (SignRsa.KeySize == 1024)
            {
                blocksize = 16;
            }
            else
            {
                blocksize = 8;
            }

            bool Closed = true;
            byte[] Buffer = new byte[blocksize];
            byte[] buffer1, SignBytes;
            while (Closed)
            {
                int k = objread.BaseStream.Read(Buffer, 0, Buffer.Length);
                if (k > 0)
                {
                    if (k == blocksize)
                    {
                        SignBytes = SignRsa.SignData(Buffer, "SHA1");
                        objwrite.BaseStream.Write(SignBytes, 0, SignBytes.Length);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        buffer1 = new byte[k];
                        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++)
                        {
                            buffer1[i] = Buffer[i];
                        }
                        SignBytes = SignRsa.SignData(buffer1, "SHA1");
                        objwrite.BaseStream.Write(SignBytes, 0, SignBytes.Length);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    Closed = false;
                    objread.Close();
                    objwrite.Close();
                }
            }
        }

7、用DESCryptoServiceProvider 進行對稱加密
byte[] messagebytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("LUO羅");
            //需要用的對稱密鑰
            DESCryptoServiceProvider Des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] key = Des.Key;
            //加密
            DESCryptoServiceProvider tdesProvider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            tdesProvider.Key = key;
            tdesProvider.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
            byte[] encrypted = tdesProvider.CreateEncryptor().TransformFinalBlock(messagebytes, 0, messagebytes.Length);
            //解密
            DESCryptoServiceProvider tdesProvider2 = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            tdesProvider.Key = key1;
            tdesProvider.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
            byte[] outputdata = tdesProvider.CreateDecryptor().TransformFinalBlock(encrypted, 0, encrypted.Length);
            string reslut = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(outputdata);
7用DESCryptoServiceProvider 加解密流
CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(Stream, Des.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(Stream, Des.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

C# RSACryptoServiceProvider加密解密簽名驗籤和DESCryptoServiceProvider加解密

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