Spring Cloud Gateway入門
1、什麼是Spring Cloud Gateway
Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring官方基於Spring 5.0,Spring Boot 2.0和Project Reactor等技術開發的網關,Spring Cloud Gateway旨在爲微服務架構提供一種簡單而有效的統一的API路由管理方式。Spring Cloud Gateway作爲Spring Cloud生態系統中的網關,目標是替代Netflix ZUUL,其不僅提供統一的路由方式,並且基於Filter鏈的方式提供了網關基本的功能,例如:安全,監控/埋點,和限流等。
2、Spring Cloud Gateway入門案例
2.1 創建maven工程,pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lynch</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.2 Spring Cloud Gateway主程序
package com.lynch;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
/**
* Spring Cloud Gateway主程序
*
* @author Lynch
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
@Bean
public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
return builder.routes()
// basic proxy
.route(r -> r.path("/baidu")
.uri("http://baidu.com:80/"))
.build();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
2.3 編寫application.yml文件
server:
port: 8080
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: xujin_route
uri: http://www.xujin.org:80/
predicates:
- Path=/xujin
logging:
level:
org.springframework.cloud.gateway: TRACE
org.springframework.http.server.reactive: DEBUG
org.springframework.web.reactive: DEBUG
reactor.ipc.netty: DEBUG
2.4 基本代理路由配置等同寫法
Spring Cloud Gateway提供了兩種配置路由規則的方法
第一:通過@Bean自定義RouteLocator
@Bean
public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
return builder.routes()
// basic proxy
.route(r -> r.path("/baidu")
.uri("http://baidu.com:80/"))
.build();
}
第二:通過屬於文件或者yml文件配置
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: xujin_route
uri: http://www.xujin.org:80/
predicates:
- Path=/xujin
2.5 運行測試
訪問http://localhost:8080/baidu,路由轉發到http://www.baidu.com
訪問http://localhost:8080/xujin,路由轉發到http://xujin.orgyml