mysql数据库安装及配置
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安装前的准备
yum install \ vim \ git \ gcc \ gcc-c++ \ wget \ make \ cmake \ automake \ autoconf \ libaio \ libtool \ net-tools \ bison-devel \ libaio-devel \ ncurses-devel \ perl-Data-Dumper \ -y -
下载boost_1_59_0
cd /usr/local wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -
下载mysql-5.7.18
cd /root wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz cd mysql-5.7.18 -
运行cmake
cmake . \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 \ -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \ -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \ make make install -
添加mysql用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql -
创建数据文件目录、所属组、用户改为mysql
mkdir /data/ mkdir /data/mysql/ chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/*/mysql* chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ -
修改SELinux
vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=permissive ESC :wq setenforce 0 -
my.cnf详细配置
vim /etc/my.cnf [client] default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysql] default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql character-set-server=utf8mb4 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4' collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci character-set-client-handshake=FALSE symbolic-links=0 log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql-files server-id=1 binlog-format=Row log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin sql-mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION ESC :wq -
初始化数据库配置
# --initialize-insecure参数为不安全的初始化方案，建议使用--initialize参数 # 以下代码执行完之后,会在/data/mysql/mysql-error.log保存初始密码 su mysql su mysql !!! su mysql !!! /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \ --initialize \ --user=mysql \ --datadir=/data/mysql \ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \ # 查看初始密码 cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql.log|grep password # ssh连接mysql,如果对ssh不了解,不要这样做 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup \ --initialize \ --user=mysql \ vim /etc/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log default_storage_engine = InnoDB [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid ESC :wq -
添加mysqld.service
exit cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ -
mysqld.service详细配置
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service # 将下面的配置覆盖整个文件内容 [Unit] Description=开机启动MySQL. After=default.target network.target syslog.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql Type=forking PIDFile=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid TimeoutSec=0 PermissionsStartOnly=true ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql LimitNOFILE = 5000 Restart=on-failure RestartPreventExitStatus=1 PrivateTmp=false [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ESC :wq -
启用mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld systemctl start mysqld systemctl daemon-reload -
测试配置是否正确，没有任何输出则表示一切正常
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd -
数据文件所属用户修改为mysql（如果‘初始化数据库配置’时完全按文档进行，可不执行本步骤，不确定则执行）
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ -
启动mysql
systemctl enable mysqld systemctl start mysqld -
添加mysql到mysql用户环境变量
su mysql vim /home/mysql/.bash_profile PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin ESC :wq source /home/mysql/.bash_profile -
尝试连接mysql
# mysql默认用户为root mysql -u root -p password:************** #修改root[DB用户]初始密码 SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('**************'); show databases; use mysql; show tables; select * from user \G; -
测试启动、停止、重启mysql
#启用并启动 systemctl enable mysqld systemctl start mysqld #禁用并关闭 systemctl disable mysqld systemctl stop mysqld #启用并重新启动 systemctl enable mysqld systemctl restart mysqld -
设置外部访问密码
# 数据库名-通配符及格式: *[允许操作所有数据库] %pay%[允许操作名字包含'pay'的数据库] mydatabase[仅允许操作'mydatabase'数据库] # 表名-通配符及格式: *[允许操作所有表] %pay%[允许操作名字包含'pay'的表] mytable[仅允许操作'mytable'表] # ip地址-通配符及格式: %/0.0.0.0[允许任意IP访问] xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx[仅限公网访问] 192.168.x.xxx[仅限局域网访问] localhost/127.0.0.1/::1[仅限本机访问] # 数据库授权格式 GRANT 权限名 ON 数据库名.数据表名 TO '数据用户'@'访问IP' IDENTIFIED BY '用户密码' WITH GRANT OPTION; # 为任意数据库表 任意操作 分配root用户,仅限本地访问 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'::1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; # 为任意数据库表 任意操作 分配mysql用户,任意IP访问(安装调试阶段、本地开发使用,用后即删) GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; # 为任意数据库表 增删改查 分配单独用户,为不同的业务分配专属用户 GRANT INSERT ON *.* TO 'insert1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; GRANT DELETE ON *.* TO 'delete1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; GRANT UPDATE ON *.* TO 'update1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'select1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION; # 刷新权限 FLUSH PRIVILEGES;