本例環境:Django=2.0.6 djangorestframework=3.9.2
1、模型示例
from django.db import models
class BaseModel(models.Model):
sort = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='排序')
content = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='描述')
sort_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='排序時間')
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='創建時間')
updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='更新時間')
class Meta:
abstract = True
class FlowGroup(BaseModel):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='審批組名稱')
class Meta:
db_table = 'A_FlowGroup_Table'
verbose_name = '審批組表'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
class FlowUser(BaseModel):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='審批組內員工名稱-test')
flow_group = models.ManyToManyField(FlowGroup, verbose_name='所屬審批組', blank=True, related_name='flow_users')
class Meta:
db_table = 'A_FlowUser_Table'
verbose_name = '審批組子表'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
2、序列化器示例
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.serializers import SerializerMethodField
from rest_framework.validators import UniqueValidator
from rest_framework.utils import model_meta
import threading
from .models import *
import time
import datetime
class FlowGroupUseFlowUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = FlowUser
exclude = ('deleted','flow_group',)
# 新增 審批組表 序列化器
class AddFlowGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = FlowGroup
exclude = ('deleted',) # or fields = '__all__' or fields = ['field01','field01',]
# read_only_fields = ('field01', )
# 修改 審批組表 序列化器
class UpdateFlowGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = FlowGroup
exclude = ('deleted',) # or fields = '__all__' or fields = ['field01','field01',]
# read_only_fields = ('field01', )
# 返回 審批組表 序列化器
class ReturnFlowGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
flow_users = FlowGroupUseFlowUserSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = FlowGroup
exclude = ('deleted',) # or fields = '__all__' or fields = ['field01','field01',]
# read_only_fields = ('field01', )
# 新增 審批組子表 序列化器
class AddFlowUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = FlowUser
exclude = ('deleted',) # or fields = '__all__' or fields = ['field01','field01',]
# read_only_fields = ('field01', )
# 修改 審批組子表 序列化器
class UpdateFlowUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = FlowUser
exclude = ('deleted',) # or fields = '__all__' or fields = ['field01','field01',]
# read_only_fields = ('field01', )
# 返回 審批組子表 序列化器
class ReturnFlowUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
flow_group = AddFlowGroupSerializer(many=True, read_only=True) # 以對象的方式返回 父級審批組
class Meta:
model = FlowUser
exclude = ('deleted',) # or fields = '__all__' or fields = ['field01','field01',]
# read_only_fields = ('field01', )
# 測試多對多查詢使用的驗證器
class TestManyToManySerializer(serializers.Serializer):
flowuser = serializers.IntegerField()
flowgroup = serializers.IntegerField()
3、視圖函數示例
import uuid
import os
import requests
import json
import re
import time
import datetime
import random
import hashlib
import xml
import threading
from django.db.models import F, Q
from rest_framework import serializers, status, generics, mixins, viewsets
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet, GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.filters import SearchFilter, OrderingFilter
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
# 官方JWT
# from rest_framework_jwt.utils import jwt_payload_handler, jwt_encode_handler ,jwt_response_payload_handler
# from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
# 緩存配置
from django.core.cache import cache
# 自定義的JWT配置 公共插件
from utils.utils import jwt_decode_handler,jwt_encode_handler,jwt_payload_handler,jwt_payload_handler,jwt_response_payload_handler,google_otp,VisitThrottle,getDistance,NormalObj
from utils.jwtAuth import JWTAuthentication
from utils.pagination import Pagination
from utils.permissions import JWTAuthPermission, AllowAllPermission, BaseAuthPermission
from .models import *
from .serializers import *
# from .filters import *
from functools import reduce
from urllib.parse import unquote_plus
# 審批組表 ModelViewSet視圖
class FlowGroupViewset(ModelViewSet):
'''
修改局部數據
create: 創建審批組表
retrieve: 檢索某個審批組表
update: 更新審批組表
destroy: 刪除審批組表
list: 獲取審批組表列表
'''
queryset = FlowGroup.objects.all().order_by('-updated')
authentication_classes = (JWTAuthentication,)
permission_classes = [BaseAuthPermission, ]
throttle_classes = [VisitThrottle]
serializer_class = ReturnFlowGroupSerializer
filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend, SearchFilter, OrderingFilter,)
ordering_fields = ('updated', 'sort_time', 'created',)
pagination_class = Pagination
def get_serializer_class(self):
if self.action == 'create':
return AddFlowGroupSerializer
if self.action == 'update' or self.action == 'partial_update':
return UpdateFlowGroupSerializer
return ReturnFlowGroupSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
if bool(self.request.auth) and self.request.user.group_id == 1:
return FlowGroup.objects.all().order_by('-updated')
else:
return FlowGroup.objects.filter(user_id=self.request.user.id).order_by('-updated')
# 審批組子表 ModelViewSet視圖
class FlowUserViewset(ModelViewSet):
'''
修改局部數據
create: 創建審批組子表
retrieve: 檢索某個審批組子表
update: 更新審批組子表
destroy: 刪除審批組子表
list: 獲取審批組子表列表
'''
queryset = FlowUser.objects.all().order_by('-updated')
authentication_classes = (JWTAuthentication,)
permission_classes = [BaseAuthPermission, ]
throttle_classes = [VisitThrottle]
serializer_class = ReturnFlowUserSerializer
filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend, SearchFilter, OrderingFilter,)
ordering_fields = ('updated', 'sort_time', 'created',)
pagination_class = Pagination
def get_serializer_class(self):
if self.action == 'create':
return AddFlowUserSerializer
if self.action == 'update' or self.action == 'partial_update':
return UpdateFlowUserSerializer
return ReturnFlowUserSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
if bool(self.request.auth) and self.request.user.group_id == 1:
return FlowUser.objects.all().order_by('-updated')
else:
return FlowUser.objects.filter(user_id=self.request.user.id).order_by('-updated')
class TestManyToManyView(generics.GenericAPIView):
serializer_class = TestManyToManySerializer
def post(self, request):
'''
測試ManyToMany接口
'''
try:
json_data = {"message": "ok", "errorCode": 0, "data": {}}
serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
if not serializer.is_valid():
return Response({"message": str(serializer.errors), "errorCode": 4, "data": {}})
flowuser = serializer.data.get('flowuser')
flowgroup = serializer.data.get('flowgroup')
flowuser_obj = FlowUser.objects.filter(id=flowuser).first()
flowgroup_obj = FlowGroup.objects.filter(id=flowgroup).first()
print(flowuser_obj)
if flowuser_obj:
print('正向查找:通過fowuser找到所有flowgroup:')
print(flowuser_obj.flow_group.all())
if flowgroup_obj:
print('正向查找:通過flowgroup找到所有fowuser:')
print(flowgroup_obj.flow_users.all())
return Response(json_data)
except Exception as e:
print('發生錯誤:',e)
return Response({"message": "出現了無法預料的view視圖錯誤:%s" % e, "errorCode": 1, "data": {}})
4、路由示例
添加在項目和settings.py同級的urls.py中
from your_app.views import FlowGroupViewset, FlowUserViewset, TestManyToManyView, FlowGroupSearchView
# 審批組表管理
router.register(r'flowgroup', FlowGroupViewset, base_name='審批組表管理')
# 審批組子表管理
router.register(r'flowuser', FlowUserViewset, base_name='審批組子表管理')