| 導讀 | 本文介紹如何使用Python製作一個簡單的猜數字遊戲。玩家將猜測一個數字。如果猜測是正確的，玩家贏。如果不正確，程序會提示玩家所猜的數字與實際數字相比是“大（high）”還是“小(low)”,如此往復直到玩家猜對數字。 |
本文介紹如何使用Python製作一個簡單的猜數字遊戲。
遊戲規則
玩家將猜測一個數字。如果猜測是正確的，玩家贏。如果不正確，程序會提示玩家所猜的數字與實際數字相比是“大(high)”還是“小(low)”,如此往復直到玩家猜對數字。
準備好Python3
首先，需要在計算機上安裝Python。可以從Python官網下載並安裝。本教程需要使用最新版的Python 3(版本3.x.x)。
確保選中將Python添加到PATH變量的框。如果不這樣做，將很難運行該程序。
現在，在設備上打開文本/代碼編輯器。就個人而言，我偏好使用Brackets。 Windows上預裝了Notepad， Mac OS包含TextEdit，而Linux用戶可以使用Vim。
打開文本編輯器後，保存新文件。我將它命名爲main.py，但你可以隨意命名，只要它以.py結尾即可。
編碼
本教程的說明將作爲註釋包含在代碼中。 在Python中，註釋以#開頭並一直持續到行結束。
from keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, GlobalAveragePooling2D
# First, we need to import the 'random' module.
# This module contains the functionality we need to be able to randomly select the winning number.
import random
# Now, we need to select a random number.
# This line will set the variable 'correct' to be equal to a random integer between 1 and 10.
correct = random.randint(1, 10)
# Let's get the user's first guess using the 'input' function.
guess = input("Enter your guess: ")
# Right now, the user's input is formatted as a string.
# We can format it as an integer using the 'int' function.
guess = int(guess)
# Let's start a loop that will continue until the user has guessed correctly.
# We can use the '!=' operator to mean 'not equal'.
while guess != correct:
# Everything in this loop will repeat until the user has guessed correctly.
# Let's start by giving the user feedback on their guess. We can do this using the 'if' statement.
# This statement will check if a comparison is true.
# If it is, the code inside the 'if' statement will run.
if guess > correct:
# This code will run if the user guessed too high.
# We can show a message to the user using the 'print' function.
print("You've guessed too high. Try guessing lower.")
else:
# The 'else' statement adds on to an 'if' statement.
# It will run if the condition of the 'if' statement is false.
# In this case, it will run if the user guessed too low, so we can give them feedback.
print("You've guessed too low. Try guessing higher.")
# Now we need to let the user guess again.
# Notice how I am combining the two lines of guessing code to make just one line.
guess = int(input("Enter your guess: "))
# If a user's guess is still incorrect, the code in the 'while' loop will be repeated.
# If they've reached this point in the code, it means they guessed correctly, so let's say that.
print("Congratulations! You've guessed correctly.")
此外，可以隨意更改程序中的任何內容。
例如，可以將正確的數字設置爲1到100而不是1到10，可以更改程序在print()函數中所說的內容。你的代碼想怎麼寫都可以。
運行程序
根據你的操作系統，打開命令提示符(Windows / Linux)或終端(Mac)。 按順序嘗試以下每個命令。 如果正確安裝Python，其中至少有一個應該可以運行。
python C:/Users/username/Desktop/main.py py C:/Users/username/Desktop/main.py python3 C:/Users/username/Desktop/main.py
確保將C：/Users/username/Desktop/main.py替換爲Python文件的完整路徑。
程序運行後，可測試一下，玩幾次! 完成操作後，按向上箭頭鍵複製最後一個命令，然後按Enter即可再次運行。
以下是沒有任何註釋的代碼版本：
import random
correct = random.randint(1, 10)
guess = input("Enter your guess: ")
guess = int(guess)
while guess != correct:
if guess > correct:
print("You've guessed too high. Try guessing lower.")
else:
print("You've guessed too low. Try guessing higher.")
guess = int(input("Enter your guess: "))
print("Congratulations! You've guessed correctly.")