高可用FastDFS多Group多Storage多Tracker主備結合SpringBoot

FastDFS前奏

在開始之前，這篇文章並不是初級入門的文章，在該文章發佈之前已經有兩篇文章講述了FastDFS和SpringBoot相關的知識，請參閱：

• 《Java高級架構之FastDFS分佈式文件集羣》：https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2377669

• 《SpringBoot集成FastDFS+Nginx整合基於Token的防盜鏈》：https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2381361

如果需要在FastDFS中實現HTTPS功能，請參閱：

• 《Vue、SprinBoot開發運維的一些坑和知識集錦》：https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2440933

在下圖中，任何一個節點都支持水平橫向無限擴展。當在某一個Group中添加新的Storage服務器的時候，新加入該Group的服務器會自動同步所有數據。當新添加Group的時候，只需要修改處於前端的Nginx服務器即可。

• FastDFS服務器通過HTTP提供服務，但是HTTP的性能太弱，所以在V4.05之後的版本中刪除了內置的HTTP服務。
• FastDFS的Group之間的Storage需要複製數據，如果請求的數據正在複製，由於不是源服務器，那麼fastdfs-nginx-module將進行重定向源服務器。
• fastdfs-nginx-module支持配置多個組，一個服務器可以配置多個Group不同的Storage。同一個Group的Storage必須端口相同。
• Nginx會爲FastDFS提供負載均衡和數據緩存的功能。
• FastDFS集羣的總容量等於全部Group容量之和。一個Group的容量等於最小的Storage服務器容量。
• 組一般用於隔離不同的數據。

FastDFS分佈式文件集羣HA架構圖

集羣中具體機器配置

安裝軟件	機器主機名	應用IP地址	管理IP地址
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage1-group1	192.168.80.11	192.168.10.11
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage2-group1	192.168.80.12	192.168.10.12
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage3-group1	192.168.80.13	192.168.10.13
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage4-group2	192.168.80.14	192.168.10.14
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage5-group2	192.168.80.15	192.168.10.15
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage6-group2	192.168.80.16	192.168.10.16
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage7-group3	192.168.80.17	192.168.10.17
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage8-group3	192.168.80.18	192.168.10.18
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage9-group3	192.168.80.19	192.168.10.19
fastdfs+fastdfs-nginx-module	fastdfs-storage10-group1-new	192.168.80.20	192.168.10.20
fastdfs	fastdfs-tracker1	192.168.80.21	192.168.10.21
fastdfs	fastdfs-tracker2	192.168.80.22	192.168.10.22
fastdfs	fastdfs-tracker3	192.168.80.23	192.168.10.23
nginx	fastdfs-nginx0	192.168.80.50	192.168.10.50
nginx	fastdfs-nginx1	192.168.80.51	192.168.10.51

（1）在所有服務器上部署FastDFS服務

yum update
mkdir /source
cd /source
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make cmake wget libevent
wget https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon/archive/V1.0.35.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs/archive/V5.10.tar.gz
tar -zxvf V1.0.35.tar.gz
tar -zxvf V5.10.tar.gz
cd libfastcommon-1.0.35
./make.sh
./make.sh install
ln -s /usr/lib64/libfastcommon.so /usr/local/lib/libfastcommon.so
cd ../
cd fastdfs-5.10/
./make.sh
./make.sh install
cd ../
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/tracker
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/storage
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/client
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume0
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume1
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume2
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume3
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume4
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume5

（2）爲Storage部署fastdfs-nginx-module

部署步驟

# 添加用戶
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 安裝Nginx需要的pcre（Perl兼容正則表達式）庫，允許Nginx使用rewrite模塊提供URL重寫功能。
yum install pcre pcre-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed -y

# 安裝openssl-devel，允許Nginx提供HTTPS服務。
yum install openssl-devel -y

# 下載軟件包
cd /source
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/fastdfs/FastDFS%20Nginx%20Module%20Source%20Code/fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz

# 解壓軟件包
tar xvf fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz
tar -xvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

# 創建必要的軟連接
ln -s /usr/include/fastdfs/ /usr/local/include/fastdfs
ln -s /usr/include/fastcommon/ /usr/local/include/fastcommon
cp fastdfs-5.10/conf/http.conf /etc/fdfs/
cp fastdfs-5.10/conf/mime.types /etc/fdfs/
cp fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module

# 編譯安裝
cd nginx-1.16.1
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx-1.16.1 --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-poll_module --with-file-aio --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-pcre --with-http_stub_status_module --with-stream --add-module=/source/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/
make
make install
ln -s /application/nginx-1.16.1/ /application/nginx

# 修改權限並創建systemd控制單元
chown -R nginx:nginx /application/nginx*
touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

Nginx配置文件

user  nginx;
worker_processes  8;

error_log  logs/error.log;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    sendfile        on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;

        # 配置爲主機域名
        server_name  fastdfs-storage1-group1;

        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location ~/group[0-9] {
            ngx_fastdfs_module;
        }
    }
}

配置mod_fastdfs.conf文件

base_path=/data/fdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122

# 配置所屬組的名稱
group_name=group1

url_have_group_name = true
store_path_count=6
store_path0=/data/fdfs/disks/volume0
store_path1=/data/fdfs/disks/volume1
store_path2=/data/fdfs/disks/volume2
store_path3=/data/fdfs/disks/volume3
store_path4=/data/fdfs/disks/volume4
store_path5=/data/fdfs/disks/volume5

Nginx SystemD單元腳本

[Unit]
Description=nginx
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
Restart=on-abort
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

（3）配置Tracker服務器集羣

# 配置tracker的IP地址或者主機域名，前提要進行配置靜態hosts解析或者配置DNS
bind_addr=192.168.80.21

# tracker的數據和日誌存儲目錄
base_path=/data/fdfs/tracker

（4）配置Storage服務器集羣

# 配置該Storage服務屬於哪一個Group
group_name=group1

# 配置綁定的IP地址或者主機域名
bind_addr=192.168.80.12

# 配置日誌存儲目錄
base_path=/data/fdfs/storage

# 配置數據存儲目錄的個數
store_path_count=6

# 配置數據存儲目錄
store_path0=/data/fdfs/disks/volume0
store_path1=/data/fdfs/disks/volume1
store_path2=/data/fdfs/disks/volume2
store_path3=/data/fdfs/disks/volume3
store_path4=/data/fdfs/disks/volume4
store_path5=/data/fdfs/disks/volume5

# 配置跟蹤服務器的IP地址或者主機域名
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122

在全部主機上執行啓動服務並設置爲開機自啓動

（5）在NGINX節點上配置NGINX進行負載均衡

NGINX配置文件

user  nginx;
worker_processes  8;

error_log  logs/error.log;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    sendfile        on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    # Group1的Storage節點
    upstream g1_pool {
        server 192.168.80.11 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.12 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.13 weight=1;
    }

    # Group2的Storage節點
    upstream g2_pool {
        server 192.168.80.14 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.15 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.16 weight=1;
    }

    # Group3的Storage節點
    upstream g3_pool {
        server 192.168.80.17 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.18 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.19 weight=1;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location ~/group1 {
            proxy_pass http://g1_pool;
        }

        location ~/group2 {
            proxy_pass http://g2_pool;
        }

        location ~/group3 {
            proxy_pass http://g3_pool;
        }

    }
}

啓動所有服務

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx

# 如果是跟蹤服務器執行這兩行
systemctl restart fdfs_trackerd
systemctl enable fdfs_trackerd

# 如果是存儲服務器執行這兩行
systemctl restart fdfs_storaged
systemctl enable fdfs_storaged

（6）使用FastDFS自帶的Client上傳圖片進行測試

在任意一臺服務器配置/etc/fdfs/client.conf

base_path=/data/fdfs/client
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122

在這臺服務器進行上傳文件測試

可以看到經過多次上傳測試，多Group+多Tracker+多Storager生效了。

group2/M00/00/00/wKhQDl2y9aOAcngTACdpr-L7emo254.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQD12y9aiARzwQACdpr-L7emo948.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQEF2y9ayAZBcBACdpr-L7emo474.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEV2y9a6Af_mrACdpr-L7emo390.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEl2y9a-Ae1cWACdpr-L7emo570.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQE12y9bGAbWemACdpr-L7emo654.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bKADzEIACdpr-L7emo251.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bOAHT16ACdpr-L7emo211.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQE12y9bSAEwBUACdpr-L7emo190.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bWAc4CSACdpr-L7emo991.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEl2y9baAJmqNACdpr-L7emo880.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQE12y9biAbE8IACdpr-L7emo426.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bmAGh5pACdpr-L7emo466.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bmATKQjACdpr-L7emo349.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQE12y9bmAXVOfACdpr-L7emo921.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bmAV9sqACdpr-L7emo420.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bqAOg2NACdpr-L7emo216.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQE12y9bqAcZKEACdpr-L7emo382.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bqAJVS9ACdpr-L7emo910.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQEl2y9buATzq2ACdpr-L7emo523.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQE12y9buALTHRACdpr-L7emo483.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEV2y9buAJO-PACdpr-L7emo079.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEl2y9buAP1NpACdpr-L7emo443.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
^[[Agroup3/M00/00/00/wKhQE12y9byAdfYxACdpr-L7emo025.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEV2y9byAJB2OACdpr-L7emo747.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEl2y9byAIye6ACdpr-L7emo456.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQE12y9byADddiACdpr-L7emo585.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
^[[Agroup3/M02/00/00/wKhQEV2y9b2AFuifACdpr-L7emo318.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEl2y9b2AQ3prACdpr-L7emo501.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQE12y9b2AbG-UACdpr-L7emo027.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQC12y9b6AZ866ACdpr-L7emo376.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQDF2y9b6ABGW6ACdpr-L7emo312.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQDV2y9b6AFEd_ACdpr-L7emo639.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQC12y9b-AU07YACdpr-L7emo467.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQDF2y9b-ALDNrACdpr-L7emo209.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQDV2y9b-AAsKGACdpr-L7emo483.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQC12y9b-AfzkvACdpr-L7emo440.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQDF2y9cCATq8TACdpr-L7emo504.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQDV2y9cCAUPEnACdpr-L7emo555.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M03/00/00/wKhQC12y9cCABjj9ACdpr-L7emo576.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M03/00/00/wKhQDF2y9cGAHNLqACdpr-L7emo735.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png

（7）集成到SpringBoot工程進行測試

在SpringBoot中使用FastDFS的時候需要集成fastdfs-spring-boot-starter：

• 項目主頁GitHub地址：https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter

• 項目主頁碼雲地址：https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter

克隆項目到本地

git clone https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter.git
cd fastdfs-spring-boot-starter

使用Maven編譯打包並安裝到本地

mvn clean install
mvn source:jar install
mvn javadoc:jar install

在POM文件中添加依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.bluemiaomiao</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastdfs-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

在主配置類上添加註解 (@EnableFastdfsClient)

@EnableFastdfsClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    @Autowired
    private FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

添加配置條目(application.properties)

fastdfs.nginx-servers=192.168.80.50:80,192.168.80.51:80
fastdfs.tracker-servers=192.168.80.21:22122,192.168.80.22:22122,192.168.80.23:22122
fastdfs.http-secret-key=2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrn

# 在本項目中沒有使用Token功能
fastdfs.http-anti-steal-token=false

fastdfs.http-tracker-http-port=8080
fastdfs.network-timeout=30
fastdfs.connect-timeout=5
fastdfs.connection-pool-max-idle=18
fastdfs.connection-pool-min-idle=2
fastdfs.connection-pool-max-total=18
fastdfs.charset=UTF-8

或者添加配置條目(application.yml)

fastdfs:
  charset: UTF-8
  connect-timeout: 5
  http-secret-key: 2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrn
  network-timeout: 30
  http-anti-steal-token: false
  http-tracker-http-port: 8080
  connection-pool-max-idle: 20
  connection-pool-max-total: 20
  connection-pool-min-idle: 2
  nginx-servers: 192.168.80.50:80,192.168.80.51:80
  tracker-servers: 192.168.80.21:22122,192.168.80.22:22122,192.168.80.23:22122

測試主要代碼

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {

    @Autowired
    private FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService;

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public String[] upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        String[] remoteInfo = null;
        try {
            remoteInfo = fastdfsClientService.upload("group1", file.getBytes(), "png", null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return remoteInfo;
    }

    @GetMapping("/download")
    public String download(@RequestParam("group") String group, @RequestParam("file_id") String fileId) {
        String url = "";
        try {
            url = fastdfsClientService.autoDownloadWithoutToken(group, fileId, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return url;
    }
}

• 項目測試代碼：https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-cluster-test.git

• 國內碼雲：https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-cluster-test.git