Hbase的API案例實戰

1、創建maven工程

• 自動導包（需要從cloudera倉庫下載，耗時較長，耐心等待）

如下內容作爲maven工程中pom.xml的repositories的內容

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>cloudera</id>
            <url>https://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.0-mr1-cdh5.14.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0-cdh5.14.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0-cdh5.14.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.14.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <filters>
                                <filter>
                                    <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                    <excludes>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*/RSA</exclude>
                                    </excludes>
                                </filter>
                            </filters>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

2、創建表

• 創建myuser表，此表有兩個列族f1和f2

    /**
     * 操作數據庫  第一步：獲取連接  第二步：獲取客戶端對象   第三步：操作數據庫  第四步：關閉
     * 創建myuser表，有兩個列族 f1 f2
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void createTable() throws IOException {
        //獲得連接
        Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181");

        //創建連接對象
        Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);

        //操作：建表、刪除表、修改表 -> 管理員；創建管理員對象
        Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

        //添加了表名信息
        HTableDescriptor myuser = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
        //給表添加列族
        myuser.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("f1"));
        myuser.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("f2"));

        //創建表
        admin.createTable(myuser);

        //關閉連接
        admin.close();
        connection.close();
    }

3、添加數據

    private Connection connection;
    private Table table;

    //建立連接
    @BeforeTest
    public void init() throws IOException {
        //獲得連接
        Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181");
        //configuration.set("zookeeper.znode.parent", "/HBase");
        connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
        //獲得表
        table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void close() throws IOException {
        table.close();
        connection.close();
    }

    //向表中添加數據
    @Test
    public void putData() throws IOException {
        Put put = new Put("0001".getBytes());//創建Put對象，並指定rowkey值
        //添加cell值：列族名稱+列名+值
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(), "zhangsan".getBytes());
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(), "age".getBytes(), Bytes.toBytes(18));
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(), Bytes.toBytes(25));
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(), Bytes.toBytes("地球人"));

        table.put(put);
    }

4、查詢數據

• 初始化一批數據到HBase表當中，用於查詢

    @Test
    public void batchInsert() throws IOException {
        //創建put對象，並指定rowkey
        Put put = new Put("0002".getBytes());
        //向f1列族添加數據
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(1));
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("曹操"));
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(30));
        //向f2列族添加數據
        put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
        put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("沛國譙縣"));
        put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("16888888888"));
        put.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("helloworld"));

        Put put2 = new Put("0003".getBytes());
        put2.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(2));
        put2.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("劉備"));
        put2.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(32));
        put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
        put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("幽州涿郡涿縣"));
        put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("17888888888"));
        put2.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("talk is cheap , show me the code"));

        Put put3 = new Put("0004".getBytes());
        put3.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(3));
        put3.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("孫權"));
        put3.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(35));
        put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
        put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("下邳"));
        put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("12888888888"));
        put3.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("what are you 弄啥嘞！"));

        Put put4 = new Put("0005".getBytes());
        put4.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(4));
        put4.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("諸葛亮"));
        put4.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(28));
        put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
        put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("四川隆中"));
        put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("14888888888"));
        put4.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("出師表你背了嘛"));

        Put put5 = new Put("0006".getBytes());
        put5.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(5));
        put5.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("司馬懿"));
        put5.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(27));
        put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
        put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("哪裏人有待考究"));
        put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("15888888888"));
        put5.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("跟諸葛亮死掐"));

        Put put6 = new Put("0007".getBytes());
        put6.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"id".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(5));
        put6.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("xiaobubu—呂布"));
        put6.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes(28));
        put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"sex".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("1"));
        put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"address".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("內蒙人"));
        put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("15788888888"));
        put6.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"say".getBytes(),Bytes.toBytes("貂蟬去哪了"));

        List<Put> listPut = new ArrayList<Put>();
        listPut.add(put);
        listPut.add(put2);
        listPut.add(put3);
        listPut.add(put4);
        listPut.add(put5);
        listPut.add(put6);

        table.put(listPut);
    }

4.1 Get查詢

• 按照rowkey進行查詢，獲取所有列的所有值
• 查詢主鍵rowkey爲0003的人

    //查詢rowkey爲0003的數據
    @Test
    public void getDataByRowkey() throws IOException {
        //通過get對象，指定rowkey
        Get get = new Get("0003".getBytes());

        //獲取某列族
        get.addFamily("f1".getBytes());//限定查詢f1列族下面所有列的值
        get.addColumn("f2".getBytes(), "say".getBytes());//查詢f2列族say列的值

        //通過get查詢，返回0003行，f1列族、f2:say列的所有cell的值，封裝到一個Result對象
        Result result = table.get(get);
        //獲得Result中的所有Cell
        List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();

        //遍歷Cell
        for(Cell cell: cells) {
            //cell單元格
            //獲得rowkey
            byte[] rowkey_bytes = CellUtil.cloneRow(cell);
            //獲得列族
            byte[] family_bytes = CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell);
            //獲得列
            byte[] qualifier_bytes = CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell);
            //獲得值
            byte[] cell_bytes = CellUtil.cloneValue(cell);

            if("age".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes)) || "id".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes))) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(rowkey_bytes));
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(family_bytes));
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes));
                System.out.println(Bytes.toInt(cell_bytes));//age或id的值是int類型，得用Bytes.toInt
            } else {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(rowkey_bytes));
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(family_bytes));
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(qualifier_bytes));
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell_bytes));
            }
        }
    }

4.2 Scan查詢

    /**
     * 不知道rowkey的具體值，我想查詢rowkey範圍值是0003  到0006
     * select * from myuser  where age > 30  and id < 8  and name like 'zhangsan'
     */
    @Test
    public void scanData() throws IOException {
        Scan scan = new Scan();//若沒有指定startRow以及stopRow，則全表掃描
        //掃描f1列族
        scan.addFamily("f1".getBytes());
        //掃描 f2列族 phone列
        scan.addColumn("f2".getBytes(),"phone".getBytes());
        //設置起始結束rowkey，前閉後開
        scan.setStartRow("0003".getBytes());
        scan.setStopRow("0007".getBytes());

        //設置每批次返回客戶端的數據條數
        scan.setBatch(20);
        //從cacheBlock中讀取數據
        scan.setCacheBlocks(true);
        scan.setMaxResultSize(4);
        scan.setMaxVersions(2);//獲取歷史2個版本

        //通過getScanner查詢獲取到了表裏面所有的數據，是多條數據
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        //遍歷ResultScanner 得到每一條數據，每一條數據都是封裝在result對象裏面了
        for (Result result : scanner) {
            List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
            for (Cell cell : cells) {
                byte[] family_name = CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell);
                byte[] qualifier_name = CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell);
                byte[] rowkey = CellUtil.cloneRow(cell);
                byte[] value = CellUtil.cloneValue(cell);
                //判斷id和age字段，這兩個字段是整形值
                if("age".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_name))  || "id".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier_name))){
                    System.out.println("數據的rowkey爲" +  Bytes.toString(rowkey)   +"======數據的列族爲" +  Bytes.toString(family_name)+"======數據的列名爲" +  Bytes.toString(qualifier_name) + "==========數據的值爲" +Bytes.toInt(value));
                }else{
                    System.out.println("數據的rowkey爲" +  Bytes.toString(rowkey)   +"======數據的列族爲" +  Bytes.toString(family_name)+"======數據的列名爲" +  Bytes.toString(qualifier_name) + "==========數據的值爲" +Bytes.toString(value));
                }
            }
        }
    }

5、HBase的刪除操作

5.1、根據rowkey刪除數據

• 刪除rowkey爲003的數據

    /**
     * 刪除數據
     */
    @Test
    public  void  deleteData() throws IOException {
        Delete delete = new Delete("0003".getBytes());
        delete.addFamily("f1".getBytes());
        delete.addColumn("f2".getBytes(), "phone".getBytes());
        table.delete(delete);
    }

5.2、刪除表操作

    /**
     * 刪除表
     */
    @Test
    public void deleteTable() throws IOException {
        //獲取管理員對象，用於表的刪除
        Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
        //刪除一張表之前，需要先禁用表
        admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
        admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
    }

e(delete);
}

## 5.2、刪除表操作

```java
    /**
     * 刪除表
     */
    @Test
    public void deleteTable() throws IOException {
        //獲取管理員對象，用於表的刪除
        Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
        //刪除一張表之前，需要先禁用表
        admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
        admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser"));
    }