/*
01.
* 程序的版權和版本聲明部分
* Copyright (c)2013, 煙臺大學計算機學院學生
* All rightsreserved.
* 文件名稱:
* 作 者: 紀麗娜
* 完成日期: 2014 年04月 17 日
* 版本號: v1.0
* 問題描述:
*類模板
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template<class T> //類聲明前加模板的聲明
class Complex
{
public:
Complex( )
{
real=0;
imag=0;
}
Complex(T r,T i)
{
real=r; //類聲明中的每一個T,將被對象定義時提供的實際類型代替
imag=i;
}
Complex complex_add(Complex &c2);
Complex complex_minus(Complex &c2);
Complex complex_multiply(Complex &c2);
Complex complex_divide(Complex &c2);
void display( );
private:
T real; //數據成員的類型,也將被對象定義時提供的實際類型代替
T imag;
};
//複數相加:(a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
template<class T> //每一個成員函數的定義前,必須要聲明類模板
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_add(Complex<T> &c2) //使用了模板的類,將不再獨立使用,其類名的完整表示爲“類模板名<虛擬類型參數>”
{
Complex<T> c; //凡用到類名處也用“類模板名<虛擬類型參數>”形式;本題中求兩個複數的和,自然要產生一個新的複數對象
c.real=real+c2.real;
c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
return c;
}
//複數相減:(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_minus(Complex <T> &c2)
{
Complex <T> c;
c.real=real-c2.real;
c.imag=imag-c2.imag;
return c;
}
//複數相乘:(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(bc+ad)i.
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_multiply(Complex <T> &c2)
{
Complex <T> c;
c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;
c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;
return c;
}
//複數相除:(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_divide(Complex <T> &c2)
{
Complex <T> c;
T d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;
c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/d;
c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/d;
return c;
}
template<class T>
void Complex<T>::display( )
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
int main( )
{
Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3; //定義對象時,用“類模板名<實際類型名>”形式
cout<<"c1=";
c1.display( );
cout<<"c2=";
c2.display( );
c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display( );
c3=c1.complex_minus(c2);
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display( );
c3=c1.complex_multiply(c2);
cout<<"c1*c2=";
c3.display( );
c3=c1.complex_divide(c2);
cout<<"c1/c2=";
c3.display( );
cout<<endl;
Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //定義對象時,用“類模板名<實際類型名>”形式
cout<<"c4=";
c4.display( );
cout<<"c5=";
c5.display( );
c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
cout<<"c4+c5=";
c6.display( );
c6=c4.complex_minus(c5);
cout<<"c4-c5=";
c6.display( );
c6=c4.complex_multiply(c5);
cout<<"c4*c5=";
c6.display( );
c6=c4.complex_divide(c5);
cout<<"c4/c5=";
c6.display( );
return 0;
}