一、簡介
RocketMQ的前身是Metaq,當 Metaq 3.0發佈時,產品名稱改爲 RocketMQ
MetaQ2.x版本由於依賴了alibaba公司內部其他系統,對於公司外部用戶使用不夠友好,推薦使用3.0版本。
項目地址: https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ
二、安裝RocketMQ
安裝RocketMQ需要jdk1.6, maven,git環境
如果本機沒有安裝git,請使用如下命令安裝
yum install git
具體安裝步驟可以參考 RocketMQ 項目組給出的步驟,參見:
https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ/wiki/Quick-Start
git clone https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ.git
cd RocketMQ
sh install.sh
cd devenv
安裝完成後,因爲install.sh腳本中創建devenv 符號鏈接寫錯了目錄,需要在RocketMQ目錄下執行如下命令:
rm -rf devenv
ln -s target/alibaba-rocketmq-3.0.7/alibaba-rocketmq devenv
啓動RocketMQ
cd devenv/bin
nohup sh mqnamesrv &
nohup sh mqbroker -n "192.168.230.128:9876" &
more nohup.out
如果顯示:
The Name Server boot success.
The broker[vdata.kt, 192.168.230.128:10911] boot success.
則NameServer,Broker啓動成功
三、在eclipse中開發測試
1.創建一個maven項目,其pom.xml的內容見pom.xml
2. 編寫消息產生者Producer,見Producer.java
3.編寫消息消費者Consumer,見PushConsumer.java
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.catt</groupId> <artifactId>RocketMQTest</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>RocketMQTest</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId> <version>3.0.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-all</artifactId> <version>3.0.7</version> <type>pom</type> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
Producer.java
默認情況下,一臺服務器只能啓動一個Producer或Consumer實例,所以如果需要在一臺服務器啓動多個實例,需要設置實例的名稱
producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.230.128:9876");
producer.setInstanceName("Producer");
package com.catt.rocketmq.example;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.producer.SendResult;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.Message;
public class Producer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MQClientException,
InterruptedException {
/**
* 一個應用創建一個Producer,由應用來維護此對象,可以設置爲全局對象或者單例<br>
* 注意:ProducerGroupName需要由應用來保證唯一<br>
* ProducerGroup這個概念發送普通的消息時,作用不大,但是發送分佈式事務消息時,比較關鍵,
* 因爲服務器會回查這個Group下的任意一個Producer
*/
DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("ProducerGroupName");
producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.230.128:9876");
producer.setInstanceName("Producer");
/**
* Producer對象在使用之前必須要調用start初始化,初始化一次即可<br>
* 注意:切記不可以在每次發送消息時,都調用start方法
*/
producer.start();
/**
* 下面這段代碼表明一個Producer對象可以發送多個topic,多個tag的消息。
* 注意:send方法是同步調用,只要不拋異常就標識成功。但是發送成功也可會有多種狀態,<br>
* 例如消息寫入Master成功,但是Slave不成功,這種情況消息屬於成功,但是對於個別應用如果對消息可靠性要求極高,<br>
* 需要對這種情況做處理。另外,消息可能會存在發送失敗的情況,失敗重試由應用來處理。
*/
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
try {
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest1",// topic
"TagA",// tag
"OrderID001",// key
("Hello MetaQ").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest2",// topic
"TagB",// tag
"OrderID0034",// key
("Hello MetaQ").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest3",// topic
"TagC",// tag
"OrderID061",// key
("Hello MetaQ").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(1000);
}
/**
* 應用退出時,要調用shutdown來清理資源,關閉網絡連接,從MetaQ服務器上註銷自己
* 注意:我們建議應用在JBOSS、Tomcat等容器的退出鉤子裏調用shutdown方法
*/
producer.shutdown();
}
}
PushConsumer.java
package com.catt.rocketmq.example;
import java.util.List;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.DefaultMQPushConsumer;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyContext;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.MessageListenerConcurrently;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.MessageExt;
public class PushConsumer {
/**
* 當前例子是PushConsumer用法,使用方式給用戶感覺是消息從RocketMQ服務器推到了應用客戶端。<br>
* 但是實際PushConsumer內部是使用長輪詢Pull方式從MetaQ服務器拉消息,然後再回調用戶Listener方法<br>
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,
MQClientException {
/**
* 一個應用創建一個Consumer,由應用來維護此對象,可以設置爲全局對象或者單例<br>
* 注意:ConsumerGroupName需要由應用來保證唯一
*/
DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer(
"ConsumerGroupName");
consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.230.128:9876");
consumer.setInstanceName("Consumber");
/**
* 訂閱指定topic下tags分別等於TagA或TagC或TagD
*/
consumer.subscribe("TopicTest1", "TagA || TagC || TagD");
/**
* 訂閱指定topic下所有消息<br>
* 注意:一個consumer對象可以訂閱多個topic
*/
consumer.subscribe("TopicTest2", "*");
consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
/**
* 默認msgs裏只有一條消息,可以通過設置consumeMessageBatchMaxSize參數來批量接收消息
*/
@Override
public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(
List<MessageExt> msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " Receive New Messages: " + msgs.size());
MessageExt msg = msgs.get(0);
if (msg.getTopic().equals("TopicTest1")) {
// 執行TopicTest1的消費邏輯
if (msg.getTags() != null && msg.getTags().equals("TagA")) {
// 執行TagA的消費
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
} else if (msg.getTags() != null
&& msg.getTags().equals("TagC")) {
// 執行TagC的消費
} else if (msg.getTags() != null
&& msg.getTags().equals("TagD")) {
// 執行TagD的消費
}
} else if (msg.getTopic().equals("TopicTest2")) {
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
}
return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
}
});
/**
* Consumer對象在使用之前必須要調用start初始化,初始化一次即可<br>
*/
consumer.start();
System.out.println("Consumer Started.");
}
}