laravel 表單和HTML擴展包

原創 zl20117 2020-02-20 16:30

安裝

通過composer安裝擴展包. 在根目錄的composer.json文件中添加laravelcollective/html.

"require": {
    "laravelcollective/html": "5.3.*"
}

接着在終端中更新composer:

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composer update

然後，在config/app.php文件中添加新的providers:

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'providers' => [
  // ...
  Collective\Html\HtmlServiceProvider::class,
  // ...
],

最後，在config/app.php中添加別名數組:

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'aliases' => [
  // ...
    'Form' => Collective\Html\FormFacade::class,
    'Html' => Collective\Html\HtmlFacade::class,
  // ...
],

打開表單

打開表單

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{!! Form::open(['url' => 'foo/bar']) !!}
    //
{!! Form::close() !!}

默認是post請求，你也可以使用其他請求：

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echo Form::open(['url' => 'foo/bar', 'method' => 'put'])

注意: HTML表單只支持POST和GET, PUT和DELETE方法會被自動添加一個假的_method 隱藏字段到你的表單中.

You may also open forms that point to named routes or controller actions:你也可以打開指向到路由和控制器的表單：

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echo Form::open(['route' => 'route.name'])
 
echo Form::open(['action' => 'Controller@method'])

還可以指定路由參數:

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echo Form::open(['route' => ['route.name', $user->id]])
 
echo Form::open(['action' => ['Controller@method', $user->id]])

如果表單支持文件上傳，添加files選項到數組中：

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echo Form::open(['url' => 'foo/bar', 'files' => true])

CSRF 保護

添加CSRF Token到表單

Laravel提供一種簡單的方式保護你的應用防止跨域請求僞造，首先，你的session中會被置放一個隨機的token，如果你使用 Form::open 方法，CSRF token會以隱藏字段的形式被自動添加到比表單中，或者，如果你想爲隱藏的CSRF字段生成HTML，你可以使用token方法：

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echo Form::token();

把CSRF過濾器指向路由

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Route::post('profile',
    [
        'before' => 'csrf',
        function()
        {
            //
        }
    ]
);

 

表單模型綁定

打開表單模型

Often, you will want to populate a form based on the contents of a model. To do so, use the Form::model method:

echo Form::model($user, ['route' => ['user.update', $user->id]])

Now, when you generate a form element, like a text input, the model's value matching the field's name will automatically be set as the field value. So, for example, for a text input named email, the user model's email attribute would be set as the value. However, there's more! If there is an item in the Session flash data matching the input name, that will take precedence over the model's value. So, the priority looks like this:

  1. Session Flash Data (Old Input)
  2. Explicitly Passed Value
  3. Model Attribute Data

This allows you to quickly build forms that not only bind to model values, but easily re-populate if there is a validation error on the server!

Note: When using Form::model, be sure to close your form with Form::close!

Form Model Accessors

Laravel's Eloquent Accessor allow you to manipulate a model attribute before returning it. This can be extremely useful for defining global date formats, for example. However, the date format used for display might not match the date format used for form elements. You can solve this by creating two separate accessors: a standard accessor, and/or a form accessor.

To define a form accessor, create a formFooAttribute method on your model where Foo is the "camel" cased name of the column you wish to access. In this example, we'll define an accessor for the date_of_birth attribute. The accessor will automatically be called by the HTML Form Builder when attempting to pre-fill a form field when Form::model() is used.

<?php

namespace App;

use Carbon\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * Get the user's first name.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function getDateOfBirthAttribute($value)
    {
        return Carbon::parse($value)->format('m/d/Y');
    }

    /**
     * Get the user's first name for forms.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function formDateOfBirthAttribute($value)
    {
        return Carbon::parse($value)->format('Y-m-d');
    }
}

Labels

Generating A Label Element

echo Form::label('email', 'E-Mail Address');

Specifying Extra HTML Attributes

echo Form::label('email', 'E-Mail Address', ['class' => 'awesome']);

Note: After creating a label, any form element you create with a name matching the label name will automatically receive an ID matching the label name as well.

Text, Text Area, Password & Hidden Fields

Generating A Text Input

echo Form::text('username');

Specifying A Default Value

echo Form::text('email', '[email protected]');

Note: The hidden and textarea methods have the same signature as the text method.

Generating A Password Input

echo Form::password('password', ['class' => 'awesome']);

Generating Other Inputs

echo Form::email($name, $value = null, $attributes = []);
echo Form::file($name, $attributes = []);

Checkboxes and Radio Buttons

Generating A Checkbox Or Radio Input

echo Form::checkbox('name', 'value');

echo Form::radio('name', 'value');

Generating A Checkbox Or Radio Input That Is Checked

echo Form::checkbox('name', 'value', true);

echo Form::radio('name', 'value', true);

Number

Generating A Number Input

echo Form::number('name', 'value');

Date

Generating A Date Input

echo Form::date('name', \Carbon\Carbon::now());

File Input

Generating A File Input

echo Form::file('image');

Note: The form must have been opened with the files option set to true.

Drop-Down Lists

Generating A Drop-Down List

echo Form::select('size', ['L' => 'Large', 'S' => 'Small']);

Generating A Drop-Down List With Selected Default

echo Form::select('size', ['L' => 'Large', 'S' => 'Small'], 'S');

Generating a Drop-Down List With an Empty Placeholder

This will create an <option> element with no value as the very first option of your drop-down.

echo Form::select('size', ['L' => 'Large', 'S' => 'Small'], null, ['placeholder' => 'Pick a size...']);

Generating A Grouped List

echo Form::select('animal',[
    'Cats' => ['leopard' => 'Leopard'],
    'Dogs' => ['spaniel' => 'Spaniel'],
]);

Generating A Drop-Down List With A Range

echo Form::selectRange('number', 10, 20);

Generating A List With Month Names

echo Form::selectMonth('month');

Buttons

Generating A Submit Button

echo Form::submit('Click Me!');

Note: Need to create a button element? Try the button method. It has the same signature as submit.

Custom Macros

Registering A Form Macro

It's easy to define your own custom Form class helpers called "macros". Here's how it works. First, simply register the macro with a given name and a Closure:

Form::macro('myField', function()
{
    return '<input type="awesome">';
});

Now you can call your macro using its name:

Calling A Custom Form Macro

echo Form::myField();

Custom Components

Registering A Custom Component

Custom Components are similar to Custom Macros, however instead of using a closure to generate the resulting HTML, Components utilize Laravel Blade Templates. Components can be incredibly useful for developers who use Twitter Bootstrap, or any other front-end framework, which requires additional markup to properly render forms.

Let's build a Form Component for a simple Bootstrap text input. You might consider registering your Components inside a Service Provider's boot method.

Form::component('bsText', 'components.form.text', ['name', 'value', 'attributes']);

Notice how we reference a view path of components.form.text. Also, the array we provided is a sort of method signature for your Component. This defines the names of the variables that will be passed to your view. Your view might look something like this:

// resources/views/components/form/text.blade.php
<div class="form-group">
    {{ Form::label($name, null, ['class' => 'control-label']) }}
    {{ Form::text($name, $value, array_merge(['class' => 'form-control'], $attributes)) }}
</div>

Custom Components can also be created on the Html facade in the same fashion as on the Form facade.

Providing Default Values

When defining your Custom Component's method signature, you can provide default values simply by giving your array items values, like so:

Form::component('bsText', 'components.form.text', ['name', 'value' => null, 'attributes' => []]);

Calling A Custom Form Component

Using our example from above (specifically, the one with default values provided), you can call your Custom Component like so:

{{ Form::bsText('first_name') }}

This would result in something like the following HTML output:

<div class="form-group">
    <label for="first_name">First Name</label>
    <input type="text" name="first_name" value="" class="form-control">
</div>

Generating URLs

link_to

Generate a HTML link to the given URL.

echo link_to('foo/bar', $title = null, $attributes = [], $secure = null);

link_to_asset

Generate a HTML link to the given asset.

echo link_to_asset('foo/bar.zip', $title = null, $attributes = [], $secure = null);

link_to_route

Generate a HTML link to the given named route.

echo link_to_route('route.name', $title = null, $parameters = [], $attributes = []);

link_to_action

Generate a HTML link to the given controller action.

echo link_to_action('HomeController@getIndex', $title = null, $parameters = [], $attributes = []);

https://laravelcollective.com/docs/5.3/html

zl20117
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